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Building  Code 


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ADMINISTRATIVE. 

Chapter  1. — Commissioner  of  Buildings. 

Section  332.  Appointment  and  Salary  of  Commis¬ 
sioner. 

fThe  head  of  the  Sub-Department  of  Buildings  shall 
be  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  who  shall  be  a  resi¬ 
dent  and  elector  of  the  city,  with  at  least  five  (5)  years’ 
experience  as  an  architect,  structural  engineer,  or  -build¬ 
er.  He  shall  receive  an  annual  salary  of  five  thousand 
($5,000.00)  dollars,  payable  semi-monthly  out  of  the 
City  Treasury,  but  no  other  compensation  whatsoever. 
He  shall  devote  his  entire  time  solely  to  the  duties  of 
his  office  and  shall  not  be  interested  in  any  branch  of 
the  building  business,  nor  in  any  business  or  organiza¬ 
tion  appertaining  thereto,  while  holding  office.  He  shall 
hold  said  office  till  the  expiration  of  the  term  of  office 
of  the  Mayor  appointing  him  and  until  his  successor  is 
duly  appointed  and  qualified,  but  he  may  be  removed 
from  office  at  any  time  by  the  Mayor  or  Council. 

Section  333.  Assistants  and  Deputies,  Salaries. 

The  administration  of  the  said  Sub-Department  shall 
rest  in  the  said  Commissioner  and  the  following  officers, 
clerks  and  employes : 

^Section  333 — 1.  Two  Assistant  Commissioners,  one 
to  be  known  as  the  Chief  Inspector  of  Buildings,  the, 
other  to  be  known  as  the  Chief  Sanitary  Inspector, 
each  of  whom  shall  be  a  resident  and  elector  of  the 
city,  and  shall  receive  a  salary  of  three  thousand 
($3,000.00)  dollars  per  annum  for  the  Chief  Inspector 
of  Buildings,  and  sixteen  hundred  ($1,600.00)  dollars 
for  the  Chief  Sanitary  Inspector,  payable  semi-monthly; 
the  term  of  office  of  each  shall  expire  with  that  of  the 
Commissioner  unless  terminated  by  removal ;  and  the 
Chief  Inspector  of  Buildings  shall  have  at  least  five 
(5)  years’  experience  as  architect  or  builder,  and  the 
Chief  Sanitary  Inspector  at  least  five  (5)  years’  prac¬ 
tical  experience  as  a  plumber. 


+As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  308-16,  passed  July  5, 
1916. 

*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  57-12,  passed  January 
23,  1912. 


6 


Building  Code 


Section  333 — 2.  An  engineer  who  shall  be  a  resi¬ 
dent  and  elector  of  the  city  and  shall  receive  a  salary 
of  twenty-four  hundred  ($2,400.00)  dollars  per  an¬ 
num,  payable  semi-monthly,  and  his  office  shall  expire 
with  that  of  the  commissioner  unless  terminated  by 
removal,  and  he  shall  have  had  at  least  five  (5)  years’ 
experience  as  a  structural  engineer. 

Section  333 — 3.  A  Chief  Clerk  and  Plan  Examiner, 
who  shall  be  a  resident  and  elector  of  the  city,  and 
shall  receive  a  salary  of  two  thousand  ($2,000.00) 

dollars  per  annum,  payable  semi-monthly. 

•  »  • 

* 

t 

^Section  333 — 3c.  One  Assistant  Plan  Examiner 
who  shall  receive  a  salary  of  fourteen  hundred  ($1,- 
400.00)  dollars  per  annum,  payable  semi-monthly. 

tt 

^Section  333 — 3e.  One  Stenographer  and  Record 
Clerk,  who  shall  receive  a  salary  of  one  thousand  and 
eighty  ($1,080.00)  dollars  per  annum,  payable  semi¬ 
monthly. 

^  % 

**Section  333 — 4.  A  Permit  Clerk,  who  shall  be  a 
resident  and  elector  of  the  city,  and  shall  receive  a 
salary  of  eleven  hundred  ($1,100.00)  dollars  per  annum, 
payable  semi-monthly. 

^Section  333 — 5.  Three  Stenographers,  each  to  re¬ 
ceive  a  salary  of  seven  hundred  and  eighty  ($780.00) 
dollars  per  annum,  payable  semi-monthly. 


*Section  333 — 3a  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  300 — 16, 
passed  June  27,  1916. 

JAs  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  410 — 14,  passed  July 
15,  1914. 

fSection  333 — 3b  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  410 — 14, 
passed  July  15,  1914. 

tfSection  333 — 3d  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  410 — 14, 
passed  July  15,  1914. 

**Section  333 — 4  as  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  410 — 

14,  passed  July  15,  1914. 

flAs  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  410 — 14,  passed  July  . 

15,  1914. 


Building  Code 


7 


** Section  333 — 5a.  Four  stenographers,  each  to  re¬ 
ceive  a  salary  of  seven  hundred  and  twenty  ($720.00) 
dollars  per  annum,  payable  semi-monthly. 

Section  333 — 6.  A  Deputy  Inspector,  to'  be  known 
as  Fire  Escape  and  Exit  Inspector,  who  shall  be  a  resi¬ 
dent  and  elector  of  the  city,  with  at  least  five  (5)  years’ 
experience  in  some  branch  of  the  building  trade,  and 
shall  receive  a  salary  of  fifteen  hundred  ($1,500.00) 
dollars  per  annum,  payable  semi-monthly. 

Section  333 — 7.  Five  Deputy  Inspectors,  four  ol 
whom  shall  be  elevator  inspectors  and  one  the  inspector 
of  ropes  and  scaffolds,  and  each  of  whom  shall  be  a 
resident  and  elector  of  the  city,  with  at  least  five  (5) 
years’  experience  in  some  branch  of  the  building  and 
machinery  trade,  and  shall  each  receive  a  salary  of 
fourteen  hundred  ($1,400.00)  dollars  per  annum,  pay¬ 
able  semi-monthly. 

§Section  333 — 8.  Eight  Deputy  Inspectors  of  Build¬ 
ings,  one  of  whom  shall  be  an  electrician,  each  of  whom 
shall  be  a  resident  and  elector  of  the  city,  with  at  least 
five  (5)  years’  experience  in  the  building  trade,  and 
shall  each  receive  a  salary  of  fourteen  ($1,400.00)  dol¬ 
lars  per  annum,  payable  semi-monthly. 

f Section  333 — 8a.  Four  Deputy  Inspectors  of  Build¬ 
ings.  Each  of  said  Deputies  shall  be  a  resident  and 
elector  of  the  city  with  at  least  five  (5)  years’  exper¬ 
ience  in  the  building  trade,  and  also  be  qualified  as  a 
tenement  house  inspector  and  serve  as  such  exclusively; 
and  each  shall  receive  a  salary  of  fourteen  hundred 
($1,400.00)  dollars  per  annum,  payable  semi-monthly. 

t Section  333 — 9.  A  Sewer  and  Drainage  Inspector 
and  six  Plumbing  Inspectors,  each  of  whom  shall  be 
a  resident  and  elector  of  the  city,  with  at  least  five  (5) 
years’  experience  in  some  branch  of  the  building  and 
plumbing  trade,  and  shall  each  receive  a  salary  of  four¬ 
teen  hundred  ($1,400.00)  dollars  per  annum,  payable 
semi-monthly. 


**As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  300 — 16,  passed  June 
27,  1916. 

§As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  86 — 13,  passed  Feb¬ 
ruary  11,  1913. 

fAs  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  300 — 16,  passed  June 
27,  1916, 


8 


Building  Code 


***Section  333 — 10.  A  Chief  Housing  Inspector  who 
shall  be  a  resident  and  elector  of  the  city,  with  at  least 
live  (5)  years’  experience  in  the  building  trade,  and 
also  be  qualified  as  a  tenement  house  inspector,  and 
shall  receive  a  salary  of  sixteen  hundred  ($1,600.00) 
dollars  per  annum,  payable  semi-monthly. 

ISection  333 — 10a.  A  Clerk  to  be  known  as  Chief 
Housing  Clerk,  who  shall  be  a  resident  and  elector  of 
the  city  and  shall  receive  a  salary  of  eleven  hundred 
and  eighty  ($1,180.00)  dollars  per  annum,  payable  semi¬ 
monthly. 

Section  333 — 11.  The  organization  of  the  office  of 
the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  which  shall  be  known 
as  the  Sub-Department  of  Buildings,  shall  devolve  up¬ 
on  the  Commissioner,  and  notwithstanding  the  desig¬ 
nation  of  assistants  and  deputies  herein,  each  shall 
perform  such  duties  as  the  Commissioner  may'  require, 
and  each  shall  be  under  his  direction,  supervision  and 
control.  All  the  appointees  herein  provided  for  shall 
devote  their  entire  time  and  attention  to  the  duties 
of  the  office  and  shall  not  be  engaged  in  any  branch 
of  the  building  business  nor  in  any  business  or  organ¬ 
ization  appertaining  thereto  while  holding  office;  and 
each  shall  serve  during  the  incumbency  of  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings,  but  may  be  removed  at  any  time 
by  the  Mayor  or  Council. 

*  Section  334.  Bond  of  Commissioner,  Chief  In¬ 
spectors,  Engineer  and  Deputies. 

Before  entering  upon  his  office  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings  shall  take  an  oath  to  faithfully  and  impar¬ 
tially  perform  the  duties  of  his  office,  and  shall  execute 
a  bond  to  the  City  of  Cincinnati  in  the  sum  of  twenty- 
five  hundred  ($2,500.00)  dollars,  with  two  or  more 
sureties,  to  be  approved  by  the  Mayor,  conditioned  for 
the  faithful  performance  of  his  duties.  Each  of  the 
Chief  Inspectors  and  the  Chief  Engineer  shall  also  take 
an  oath  to  faithfully  and  impartially  perform  the  duties 
of  his  office. 


*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  172 — 13,  passed 
March  25,  1913. 

***Section  333 — 10  as  ordained  by  Ordinance  No. 
410 — 14,  passed  July  15,  1914. 

tAs  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  300 — 16  passed  Tune 
27,  1916. 


Building  Code 


9 


Section  335.  Duty  of  Commissioner,  Engineer, 
Chief  Inspectors  and  Deputies. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Commissioner  of  Build¬ 
ings,  Engineer  and  the  Chief  Inspectors  and  Deputies 
appointed  under  this  code  to  enforce  the  terms  and  pro¬ 
visions  of  this  code  and  all  other  ordinances  of  the 
city  and  laws  of  the  State  of  Ohio  relating  to  the  same 
subject  matter;  and  to  that  end  they  shall  inspect  from 
time  to  time  any  building,  fence,  billboard,  sign  or  struc¬ 
ture  within  the  limits  of  the  city,  and  elevators,  stair¬ 
ways  and  fire  escapes  in  and  upon  buildings,  and  any 
work  that  is  being  done,  and  that  is  subject  to  regulation 
in  any  manner  under  the  terms  of  this  code  or  any  other 
ordinance  of  the  city,  or  law  of'  the  State  relating  to 
this  subject  matter.  It  shall  also  be  the  duty  of  the 
Commissioner  of  Buildings,  the  Engineer,  the  Chief  In¬ 
spectors  and  Deputies  to  inspect  any  building,  fence, 
billboard,  sign  or  other  structure,  reported  or  believed 
to  be  in  an  unsafe  or  unsanitary  condition,  and  if  so 
found,  to  require  the  same  to  be  put  in  a  safe  and  sani¬ 
tary  condition  without  delay,  as  herein  provided ;  and 
they  shall  have  such  power  and  'authority  in  respect 
thereto  as  is  hereinafter  provided. 

Section  336.  Badges. 

The  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  the  Chief  Inspectors 
and  Deputies  shall  be  provided  by  the  city  with  badges, 
and  when  performing  their  respective  duties  shall  wear 
the  same  in  a  conspicuous  place. 

Section  337.  Right  to  Enter  Premises. 

The  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  Chief  Inspectors  and 
Deputies  shall  have  the  right,  and  they  are  hereby  au¬ 
thorized  to  enter  into  any  building  or  inclosure,  or  upon 
any  property  within  the  limits  of  the  city,  for  the  pur¬ 
pose  of  inspecting  the  same,  and  for  enforcing  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  this  code  and  all  other  laws  and  ordinances 
in  force  in  this  city;  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any, 
one  to  hinder  and  prevent  them,  or  any  of  them,  or  to 
attempt  to  hinder  and  prevent  them,  or  any  of  them, 
from  so  doing.  And  whenever  necessary,  they  shall  have 
the  right  to  take  with  them  such  assistance  as  may  be 
necessary  in  making  the  inspection. 

t  r 

Section  338.  Decisions  of  Commissioner  and  Board 
of  Appeals. 

The  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall  pass  on  all  ques-' 
tions  arising  under  this  code  and  the  laws  and  ordi- 


10 


Building  Code 


nances  in  force  in  the  city  relating  to  the  same  subject 
matter.  In  case  of'dissatisf action  with  his  decisions  (ex¬ 
cept  in  respect  to  insecure  and  unsafe  buildings  and 
property  requiring  immediate  action),  the  question  in 
dispute  may  be  referred  to  a  Board  of  Appeal  and  a 
decision  of  a  majority  of  the  board  shall  determine  the 
issue.  For  that  purpose  there  shall  be  a  board  to  be 
known  as  the  Board  of  Appeal  of  the  Department  of 
Buildings  to  consist  of  three  members,  one  an  architect, 
one  a  structural  engineer,  and  one  a  builder,  each  to  be 
appointed  by  the  Mayor  with  the  approval  of  the  Coun¬ 
cil.  The  members  thereof  are  to  be  subject  to  removal 
1)5*  the  Ma>*or  at  any  time,  and,  unless  removed,  shall 
serve  during  the  term  of  the  Ma\ror  appointing  them 
and  until  their  successors  are  appointed  and  qualified. 
The  part}*  taking  the  appeal  shall  have  the  right  to  chal¬ 
lenge  for  sufficient  cause  anyr  member  of  the  board,  and 
if  the  Mayor  shall  so  determine,  he  may  appoint  any 
other  architect,  structural  engineer  or  builder  to  replace 
the  one  so  challenged  for  sufficient  cause  for  the  case 
in  question  only.  Each  member  shall  take  an  oath  to 
faithfully  perform  his  duties.  The  board  shall  have  such 
use  of  the  office  of  the  Commissioner  and  service  of  his 
clerk,  stenographer,  engineer,  chief  inspectors  and  depu¬ 
ties  as  may  be  required.  Each  member  of  the  board  shall 
serve  without  stated  compensation,  but  shall  be  paid 
such  fees  as  may  be  allowed  by*  the  Mayor  and  all  neces¬ 
sary  expenses,  all  said  amounts  to  be  paid  by  the  party 
appealing  a  question  to  them  ;  provided,  said  question 
be  decided  against  the  party  taking  the  appeal,  but  if 
said  question  be  decided  in  favor  of  the  party  taking 
the  appeal,  all  said  amounts  shall  be  paid  by  the  city. 
And  any  party  so  appealing  to  the  said  board  shall  at 
the  time  deposit  with  the  city  a  sufficient  sum  to  cover 
all  such  allowances  and  expenses,  said  sum  to  be  re¬ 
funded  if  said  questions  be  decided  in  favor  of  the  party 
taking  the  appeal. 

Section  339.  Reports. 

The  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall  file  a  monthly 
report  under  oath  with  the  Mayor  on  or  before  the 
tenth  day  of  each  month  for  the  calendar  month  pre¬ 
ceding,  showing  the  number  of  permits  issued  and 
moneys  received.  He  shall  also  report  annually  on  the 
first  day  of  May  to  the  County  Auditor  every  new  build¬ 
ing  erected,  with  a  pertinent  description  thereof,  the 
name  and  number  of  the  street  where  located,  and  all 


Building  Code 


11 


improvements  made  upon  old  buildings  in  the  city.  He 
shall  also  keep  a  record  of  the  number,  description, 
class,  size  and  cost  of  every  building  or  structure  erected 
in  the  city  during  his  term  of  office  for  which  permits 
were  issued,  and  shall  report  the  same  to  the  Council 
annually. 


Chapter  2. — Permits  and  Fees. 

^Section  340.  When  any  person  or  persons,  firm  or 
corporation  shall  be  desirous  of  erecting,  repairing, 
changing  or  altering  any  building  or  structure,  applica¬ 
tion  shall  be  made  at  the  office  of  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings  for  a  permit  to  do  so,  and  the  Commissioner 
shall  be  furnished  with  a  written  statement  on  blanks 
for  that  purpose  of  the  location,  intended  use  and  ap¬ 
proximate  cost  of  the  proposed  building  or  structure, 
together  with  the  plans  and  specifications  of  the  same 
in  duplicate,  to  be  in  ink  or  to  be  blue  prints  thereof, 
and  delivered  to  the  Commissioner  and  left  in  his  cus¬ 
tody  for  a  sufficient  length  of  time  to  allow  the  neces¬ 
sary  examination  to  be  made ;  and  the  Commissioner 
shall  also  thereafter  have  access  to  the  drawings,  plans 
and  specifications  whenever  demanded  by  him ;  pro¬ 
vided,  that  in  case  of  all  alterations  in  buildings  or  other 
structures,  and  the  erection  and  construction  of  new 
buildings  and  other  structures  of  whatever  value,  one 
set  of  plans  and  specifications  delivered  to  the  Com¬ 
missioner  shall  be  returned  with  the  permit  and  the 
other  set  left  in  his  custody,  and  be  permanently  filed 
and  indexed  for  future  reference.  Blank  forms  for  the 
detailed  statement  as  herein  required  shall  be  provided 
at  the  office  of  the  Commissioner,  which  the  applicant 
for  a  permit  shall  fill  out,  and  the  owner  or  his  agent 
*  shall  sign  an  agreement  contained  in  said  statement  to 
the  effect  that  he  will  construct  the  proposed  building 
or  structure,  or  make  the  proposed  repair,  change  or 
alteration  in  accordance  with  the  plans  and  specifica¬ 
tions  submitted  therewith.  And  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings  shall,  if  requested,  furnish  preliminary  infor¬ 
mation  relative  to  the  application  or  interpretation  of 
any  of  the  provisions  of  this  code  when  the  same  is 
needed  in  the  preparation  of  plans  and  specifications. 


*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  297-16,  passed  June 
27,  1916. 


12 


Building  Code 


Section  341.  Building  Permits. 

It  shall  be  unlawful  to  proceed  with  the  construction, 
repair,  alteration  or  addition  to  any  building  or  struc¬ 
ture  within  the  provisions  of  this  code  without  a  permit 
in  accordance  herewith.  If  it  shall  appear  to  the  Com¬ 
missioner  that  the  laws  and  ordinances  in  force  have 
been  complied  with,  and  that  the  plans  and  specifications 
submitted  are  in  accordance  therewith;  he  shall  give  the 
permit  asked  for  upon  the  payment  of  the  fees  herein¬ 
after  prescribed,  and  shall  then  stamp  the  plans  and 
specifications,  stating  that  they  have  been  duly  examined 
and  approved.  After  having  been  thus  stamped,  the 
plans  and  specifications  shall  not  be  altered  in  any  re¬ 
spect  covered  by  this  code,  during  the  progress  of  the 
work  for  which  they  are  intended,  without  the  approval 
of  the  Commissioner.  If  any  alterations  in  or  additions 
to  the  plans  become  necessary,-  and  such  alterations  or 
additions  are  affected  by  this  code,  then  application  shall 
again  be  made  to  the  Commissioner  and  a  permit  se¬ 
cured  covering  the  alteration  or  addition  in  the  same 
manner  and  subject  to  the  same  limitations  as  the  orig¬ 
inal  permit,  except  that  there  shall  be  no  additional 
cost  for  the  permit  if  the  cubic  contents  of  the  proposed 
improvement  have  not  been  increased  or  the  cost  of  any 
alterations  increased;  but,  if  increased,  there  shall  be 
a  charge  for  the  same  as  herein  provided.  If  it  should 
appear  to  the  Commissioner  that  the  laws  and  ordi¬ 
nances  of  the  city  have  not  been  complied  with,  he  shall 
refuse  to  grant  a  permit  till  such  changes  have  been 
made  as  to  comply  with  said  laws  and  ordinances.  Sepa¬ 
rate  application  shall  be  filed  and  a  permit  obtained  for 
the  erection  or  alteration  of  each  individual  building. 

*Section  341-a.  In  all  cases  in  which  the  construction, 
repair,  alteration  or  addition  to  any  building  or  struc¬ 
ture  will  involve  an  excavation  within  three  feet  of  the 
curb  line  of  any.  street  or  avenue,  or  alley,  then  no  such 
building,  repair,  alteration  or  addition  permit  shall  be 
given  by  the  Commissioner  until  and  unless  the  applicant 
for  the  permit  shall  have  first  obtained  from  the  Direct¬ 
or  of  Public  Service  a  permit,  similar  to  the  permits 
required  by  ordinance  for  openings  of  streets,  which 
latter  permit  shall  be  issued  to  such  applicant  upon  his 
signing  an  agreement  to  immediately  deposit  with  the 


*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  293-14,  passed  June 
9,  1914. 


Building  Code 


13 


City  Treasurer  upon  notice  from  the  Director  of  Public 
Service,  the  estimated  cost  of  repairing  and  restoring 
the  street  or  alley  in  the  event  that  damage  he  done  to 
the  street  or  alley,  by  reason  of  such  excavation,  re¬ 
quiring  any  repair  or  restoration.  At  any  time  after  the 
completion  of  the  restoration  of  the  pavement  damaged 
by  reason  of  said  excavation,  the  party  who  made  the 
deposit  will  be  entitled  to  a  refund  of  the  balance  on 
hand  after  deducting  from  the  deposit  the  cost  of  the 
restoration  as  determined  by  the  rules  of  the  Director 
of  Public  Service,  and  the  provisions  of  Ordinance  No. 
248  of  1914.  The  City  Solicitor  of  the  city  shall  collect 
such  payment  in  case  of  the  failure  of  the  applicant  to 
make  same.  The  cost  of  such  repair  or  restoration  shall 
be  ascertained  and  calculated  in  the  manner  provided  by 
Ordinance  No.  248  of  1914,  of  the  city  of  Cincinnati  for 
cost  of  restoration  of  street  openings,  provided  that  in 
all  cases  a  charge  of  fifty  (50)  cents,  to  cover  cost  of 
inspection,  shall  be  made  for  said  permit  from  the 
Director  of  Public  Service.  All  funds  collected  by  the 
Cit5'  Treasurer  under  the  terms  of  this  section  shall  be 
placed  in  the  Street  Restoration  Fund  of  the  city. 

Section  342.  Permit  for  Buildings  Containing 
Power  Boilers. 

All  computations  and  data  used  in  designing  stacks 
for  smoke  or  ventilating  purposes  shall  be  submitted 
to  the  Commissioner  as  part  of  the  plans  and  specifica¬ 
tions,  and  must  be  approved  by  him  and  also  by  the 
Smoke  Inspector  before  a  permit  is  granted. 

Section  343.  Plumbing  Permits. 

It  shall  be  unlawful  to  proceed  with  the  construction, 
repair,  alteration  or  addition  to  the  plumbing  and  drain¬ 
age  in  any  building  or  structure  within  the  provisions 
of  this  code  without  a  plumbing  permit  in  accordance 
herewith.  In  order  to  obtain  the  same  the  master  plumber 
must  be  registered  in  the  office  of  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings,  after  showing  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Com¬ 
missioner  that  he  has  been  duly  examined  by  the  Board 
of  Examiners  of  Plumbing  as  to  his  qualifications  to  do 
plumbing.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  plumber  under¬ 
taking  said  work  to  make  application  for  such  permit 
in  the  office  of  the  Commissioner  upon  blanks  to  be  pre¬ 
pared  for  that  purpose,  filing  therewith  drawings  and 
descriptions  for  all  the  plumbing  and  drainage,  and  con- 


14 


Building  Code 


sisting  of  such  floor  plans  and  sections  as  may  be  neces¬ 
sary  to  show  clearly  all  the  work  to  be  done ;  and  no 
work  shall  be  commenced  or  proceeded  with  until  such 
drawings  and  descriptions  shall  have  been  filed  and 
approved  by  the  Commissioner.  Xo  modifications  of  the 
approved  drawings  and  descriptions  will  be  permitted 
unless  either  amended  drawings  or  descriptions,  or  an 
amendment  to  the  original  drawings  and  descriptions, 
covering  the  proposed  change  or  changes,  are  so  filed 
and  approved  by  the  Commissioner.  Repairs  or  altera¬ 
tions  that  do  not  provide  for  additional  fixtures  or 
changes  in  vertical  or  horizontal  soil,  waste,  vent  or 
leader  pipe,  may  be  made  without  a  permit.  In  filing 
drawings  and  descriptions  one  (1)  set  will  be  received 
for  not  more  than  five  (5)  houses,  and  then  only  when 
on  adjoining  lots  and  houses  are  exactly  alike.  If  it 
shall  appear  to  the  Commissioner  that  the  said  laws  and 
ordinances  have  been  complied  with,  and  that  the.  entire 
system  of  such  plumbing  will  be  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  this  title,  he  shall  issue  the  permit  asked 
for  and  approve  the  drawings  and  descriptions.  When¬ 
ever  work  is  ready  for  inspection  notice  must  be  given 
to  the  Commissioner,  who  shall  cause  an  inspection  to 
be  made  within  twenty-four  (24)  hours  from  the  re¬ 
ceipt  of  such  notice,  and  he  shall  then  issue  a  certificate 
to  the  owner  or  contractor  doing  the  work,  stating  that 
the  work  has  been  duly  inspected  and  approved. 

^Section  344.  Wrecking,  Shoring,  Raising  and 
Moving  Permits. 

Any  person,  firm  or  corporation  desirous  of  wreck¬ 
ing,  demolishing,  tearing  down,  shoring  up,  raising  or 
moving  any  building,  billboard,  projecting  sign  or  sign¬ 
board,  or  other  structure  or  part  thereof,  shall,  before 
proceeding  therewith,  apply  to  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings  for  a  permit  to  do  so,  upon  blanks  to  be  fur¬ 
nished  for  that  purpose,  which  shall  contain  an  agree¬ 
ment  to  the  effect  that  the  work  to  be  thus  done  and 
the  manner  of  proceeding  therewith  shall  he  in  con¬ 
formity  with  this  code,  and  any  other  laws  and  ordi¬ 
nances' in  force  in  the  city,  applicable  to  the  subject.  The 
application  shall  give  the  location  and  description  of 
the  building  or  structure,  the  name  or  names  of  the 
owners,  with  the  address  thereof,  and  the  name  and 

*As  amended  by  Ordinance  Xo.  335-13,  passed  June 
10,  1013. 


Building  Code 


15 


address  of  the  person  doing  the  work.  And  the  Com¬ 
missioner  shall  issue  a  permit  therefor,  upon  the  pay¬ 
ment  of  the  fee  hereinafter  provided,  and  said  permit 
shall  include  the  wrecking,  shoring,  raising  or  moving 
of  all  buildings  or  structures  that  may  be  required  by 
any  one  contemplated  improvement.  The  person  making 
application  for  a  shoring  permit  shall  file  with  the  same 
a  plan  Dr  specification  of  the  proposed  shoring  or  both 
if  required  by  the  Commissioner,  who  sha.ll  not  issue 
the  permit  until  said  plan  or  specification  meets  with 
his  approval ;  and  no  such  shoring  shall  be  removed 
without  the  written  consent  of  the  Commissioner. 

Section  345.  Bill  and  Signboard  Permits. 

No  person  or  persons,  firm,  corporation  or  associa¬ 
tion  shall  erect  or  cause  to  permit  to  be  erected  any 
fence,  signboard,  billboard  or  other  structure  to  be  used 
for  advertising  purposes  without  first  obtaining  a  per¬ 
mit  therefor  from  the  Commissioner.  Applications  for 
such  permits  shall  be  made  upon  such  blanks  as  may  be 
provided  by  the  Commissioner,  giving  such  information 
as  he  shall  require,  but  sufficient  to  show  a  compliance 
with  the  terms  and  provisions  of  this  code,  and  all  other 
laws  and  ordinances  relating  to  the  same  subject  in  force 
in  the  city.  If  it  shall  appear  to  the  Commissioner  that 
the  laws  and  ordinances  in  force  have  been  complied 
with,  he  shall  give  the  permit  asked  for  upon  the  pay¬ 
ment  of  the  fee  hereinafter  prescribed.  Each  such 
permit  shall  state  the  length  of  the  billboard,  name  of 
street  and  number  of  the  premises  upon  which  same  is 
to  be  erected,  the  owner  thereof  and  the  distance  from 
the  line  of  the  street.  This  section  shall  also  apply  to 
the  projection  of  signs  or  advertisements  into  streets. 

^Section  345a.  No  billboard,  signboard  or  other  struc¬ 
ture  shall  be  placed  or  erected  in  front  of  or  across  any 
window,  door,  exit  or  entrance  of,  to  or  from  any  build¬ 
ing,  whether  occupied  or  not.  No  billboard,  signboard 
or  other  structure,  whether  constructed  of  wood  or  any 
other  material,  which  extends  for  any  distance,  how¬ 
ever  small,  over  the  street  or  sidewalk,  shall  be  placed 
or  erected,  attached  to  or  on  any  building,  unless  the 
lowest  part  thereof  shall  he  at  least  twelve  (J2)  feet 
above  the  surface  of  the  street  or  sidewalk ;  and  any 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  119-16,  passed  March 
14,  1916. 


16 


Building  Code 


such  billboard,  signboard  or  other  structure,  used  or  to 
be  used  for  advertising  purposes,  to  be  erected  above 
said  twelve  (12)  feet,  shall  be  considered  a  billboard, 
etc.,  for  which  a  permit  must  be  obtained,  as  provided 
in  Section  345,  of  the  Code  of  Ordinances,  and  subject 
to  all  applicable  provisions  of  said  code  relating  to  bill¬ 
boards,  signboards  or  other  structures.  The  term  “ad¬ 
vertising  purposes”  shall  not  be  deemed  to  include  the 
designation  of  the  proprietorship  and  character  of  busi¬ 
ness  or  other  pursuit  conducted  within  such  building. 

^Section  345b.  The  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall 
inspect  annually  each  signboard,  billboard  or  other  struc¬ 
ture  with  an  area  exceeding  sixteen  (16)  square  feet 
for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining  whether  same  be  secure 
or  insecure,  and  is  in  need  of  removal  or  repair ;  and 
to  meet  the  expense  of  such  inspection,  every .  person, 
firm,  corporation  or  association  owning,  maintaining  or 
in  charge  of  any  such  signboard,  billboard  or  other 
structure  shall  on  the  first  day  of  March  of  each  and 
every  year  pay  to  the  Treasurer  of  the  city  an  inspec¬ 
tion  fee  for  each  signboard,  billboard  or  other  struc¬ 
ture  within  the  city  on  each  such  first  day  of  March. 
Said  fee  shall  in  each  case  be  equal  to  the  sum  of  five 
(5)  cents  multiplied  by  the  number  of  square  feet  of 
area  of  such  signboard,  billboard  or  other  structure, 
but  in  no  event  shall  be  less,  than  $1.C0.  Such  fees  shall 
be  credited  to  the  appropriate  fund  or  fund's  of  the 
Department  of  Buildings  and  used  for  the  purposes  of 
the  said  inspection. 

*  Section  345c.  To  enable  the  Commissioner  of  Build¬ 
ings  to  know  the  location  of  and  the  name  of  owner  or 
person  maintaining  any  signboard,  billboard  or.  other 
structure,  everv  person,  firm  or  corporation  owning,  in 
charge  of,  or  maintaining  any  such  signboard,  billboard 
or  other  structure  now  in  existence  shall,  on  or  before 
the  first  day  of  February,  inform  the  said.  Commis¬ 
sioner,  in  writing  of  the  location  (including  street 
number)  and  size  and  date  of  erection  of  every  such 
signboard,  billboard  or  other  structui  e,  and  the  name 
and  address  of  the  person,  firm  or  corpoiatio.n  owning, 
in  charge  of  or  maintaining  the  same;  and,  in  case  of 
such  signboards,  billboards  or  other  structures  to  be 
erected,  the  same  information  shall  be  included  in  the 

*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  585-12,  passed  No¬ 
vember  12,  1912. 


Building  Code 


17 


application  foi  a  pci  nut.  All  changes  in  the  ownership 
or  management  shall  be  immediately  reported  to  said 
Commissioner.  The  said  Commissioner  shall  keep  a 
1  egistry,  based  on  said  mfoimation,  of  the  location  size, 
date  of  erection,  and  the  name  and  address  of  the 
owner  or  person,  etc.,  in  charge  of,  or  maintaining  all 
the  said  billboards,  signboards  or  other  structures,  in 
the  City  of  Cincinnati.  Notices  by  the  said  Commis¬ 
sioner  regarding  removal,  repair,  payment  of  fees  or 
other  matter  shall  be  deemed  as  properly  and  sufficiently 
served  and  sent  when  mailed  in  accordance  with  the 
name  and  addiess  on  said  registry.  The  Commissioner 
shall  give  an  official  registry  number  to  each  such 
structure. 

*  Section  345d.  A  receipt  for  the  payment  of  such 
inspection  fee  shall  be  issued  by  said  Commissioner  in 
the  shape  of  a  metal  tag,  capable  of  being  nailed  or 
attached  to.  such  signboard,  etc.,  which  tag  shall  con¬ 
tain  the  registry  number  and  the  number  of  the  year,  as, 
foi  instance,  1913,  1914,  etc.,  when  the  fee  was  paid  and 
said  tag  issued,  and  one  such  tag  shall  be  issued  on  re¬ 
ceipt  of  the  proper  amount  of  fee,  for  each  five  hun¬ 
dred  (500)  square  feet  of  area  of  such  billboard,  sign¬ 
board  or  other  structure. 


** Section  345e.  Any  billboard,  signboard  or  other 
structure  oi  any  substantial  part  thereof  now  existin0- 
and  which  for  any  reason  or  purpose  is  blown  down! 
destroyed,  taken  down  or  removed,  shall  not  be  re¬ 
erected,  reconstructed,  rebuilt  or  relocated  unless  as 
regards  size,  location,  and  all  other  regulations  of  this 
building  Code,  and  all  the  provisions  of  this  Building 
Code  are  complied  with.  In  case  of  accidental  destruc¬ 
tion  a  new  permit  shall  be  granted  without  cost  if  one 
permit  has  already  been  paid  for  the  original  work. 

''  Section  345 f.  The  penalties  provided  by  and  the 
provisions  of  Section  576  and  577  of  the  Code  of  Or¬ 
dinances  shall  apply  to  any  violation  or  violations  of 
the  provisions  of  Section  345a  to  345e,  inclusive. 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  585^12,  passed  No¬ 
vember  12,  1912. 

**As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  336-13,  passed  Tune 
10,  1913. 


18 


Building  Code 


Section  346.  Permits  for  the  Installation  of  Ele¬ 
vators. 

An>'  person  or  persons,  firm  or  corporation  desirous 
of  placing  new  elevators  in  existing  buildings,  or  re¬ 
placing  old  elevators,  shall  obtain  a  permit  therefor 
from  the  Commissioner.  In  order  to  obtain  such  per¬ 
mit,  application  therefor  shall  be  made  upon  blanks  pre¬ 
pared  for  that  purpose,  which  shall  contain  an  agree¬ 
ment  to  the  effect  that  the  work  to  be  thus  done  and 
the  manner  of  proceeding  therewith  shall  be  in  con¬ 
formity  with  this  code,  and  any  other  laws  and  ordi¬ 
nances  in  force  in  the  city,  applicable  to  the  subject. 
They  shall  also  file  with  the  Commissioner  plans  show¬ 
ing  the  construction  of  such  elevator  and  such  other 
detail  information  concerning  the  construction,  erect¬ 
ing  and  equipment  of  said  installation  that  may  be  re¬ 
quired  by  the  Commissioner.  The  application  shall  give 
the  location  and  description  of  the  building  or  struc¬ 
ture,  the  name  or  names  of  the  owners  with  the  address 
thereof,  and  the  name  and  address  of  the  person  doing 
the  work;  and  if  it  shall  appear  to  the  Commissioner 
that  the  work  to  be  thus  done  will  be  in  conformity 
with  this  code  and  with  all  other  laws  and  ordinances 
in  force  in  the  city,  applicable,  to  the  subject,  he  shall 
issue  a  permit  therefor  upon  the  payment  of  the  fee 
hereinafter  provided. 

*  Section  347.  Revocation  of  Permits. 

Each  and  every  permit  issued  by  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings  shall  be  subject  to  revocation  by  him 
whenever  it  appears  that  the  building  or  structure  pro¬ 
vided  for  therein,  in  the  case  of  building  permits,  is  be¬ 
ing  constructed  so  that  the  same  or  any  part  thereof 
encroaches  upon  any  street,  alley  or  other  public  place 
contrary  to  the  provisions  of  the  laws  and  ordinances 
in  force,  or  is  being  so  constructed  as  to  violate  any  of 
the  terms  and  conditions  of  this  code,  or  any  ordinances 
of  the  city  or  any  statute  of  the  state  relating  to  the 
same  subject  matter.  And  plumbing  permits,  shoring 
permits,  wrecking  permits,  raising  permits,  moving  per¬ 
mits,  bill  and  signboard  permits  and  elevator  permits 
may  be  revoked  by  him  whenever  it  appears  that,  not¬ 
withstanding  the  issuance  of  said  permits,  any  of  the 

*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  299-16,  passed  June 
27,  1916. 


Building  Code 


19 


provisions  of  this  code  or  of  any  of  the  laws  or  ordi¬ 
nances  in  force  in  the  city  have  been  or  are  being  vio¬ 
lated.  The  revocation  of  the  permit  in  every  instance 
shall  be  in  writing  and  shall  be  served  upon  the  owner 
or  his  agent  or  contractor  in  charge  of  the  work,  and 
posted  upon  the  building  or  structure  for  which  the  said 
permit  was  granted,  or  in  which  the  work  is  being 
done :  and  from  and  after  such  revocation  of  said  per¬ 
mit  and  the  posting  of  said  notice  all  work  of  every 
kind  and  character  on  such  building  or  structure  shall 
be  discontinued.  And  no  person  shall  continue  the  con¬ 
struction  on  any  building  or  structure  or  do  any  work 
under  any  permit  so  revoked,  or  use  any  building  ma¬ 
terial  or  machinery  in  or  about  the  premises  after  the 
Commissioner  of  Buildings  or  his  regular  authorized 
chief  inspectors  or  deputies  have  directed  in  writing  the 
suspension  of  the  work.  If  it  shall  appear  to  the  Com¬ 
missioner  that  the  owner  or  contractor  to  whom  the 
original  permit  was  granted  intends  to  make  such 
changes  in  the  building  or  structure  that  will  make 
same  conform  to  the  provisions  of  the  laws  and  ordi¬ 
nances  in  force,  he  shall  rescind  revocation  of  permit 
in  writing  upon  payment  of  fee  as  fixed  by  ordinance. 

Section  348.  Time  Limits  of  Permits. 

Any  permit  under  which  no  work  is  commenced  with¬ 
in  six  (6)  months  from  the  time  of  issuance,  shall  ex¬ 
pire  by  limitation,  and  the  city  shall  not  be  required  to 
refund  any  fees  paid  therefor. 

*  Section  349.  Cost  of  Permits. 

The  fees  for  building  permits  shall  be  as  follows  : 

The  sum  of  one  ($1.00)  dollar  shall  be  paid  for  the 
permit,  and  an  additional  sum  of  one  (l)  cent  for  each 
and  every  hundred  cubic  feet  of  the  contents  of  the 
building  or  structure  or  for  any  addition  thereto.  For 
alterations  on  old  buildings  or  structures,  the  cost  of 
which  is  one  thousand  ($1,000.00)  dollars  or  over,  the 
sum  of  two  ($2.00)  dollars  per  one  thousand  ($1,000. CO) 
dollars  or  fractional  part  thereof  to  be  charged  in  ad¬ 
dition  to  the  sum  of  one  dollar  ($1.00)  for  the  permit. 
For  alterations  to  old  buildings  or  structures,  the  cost 
of  which  is  less  than  one  thousand  ($1,000.00)  dollars, 

*As  amended  bv  Ordinance  No.‘  297-16.  passed  Tune 
27,  1916. 


20 


Building  Code 


the  sum  of  two  ($2.00)  dollars  for  the  permit  only  will 
he  charged.  For  all  buildings  in  the  nature  of  sheds, 
one  ($1.00)  dollar  shall  be  charged  for  the  permit,  and 
an  additional  sum  of  one-half  (l/2)  cent  for  each  and 
even'  hundred  cubic  feet  of  contents  in  said  shed. 

^Section  349 — 1.  The  fees  for  plumbing  permits  when 
fixtures  are  to  be  installed,  shall  be  as  follows : 

Two  ($2.00)  dollars  for  first  fixture,  augmented  by 
fifty  (50c)  cents  for  each  additional  fixture  up  to  fifty 
fixtures. 

For  each  fixture  to  be  installed  above  fifty  fixtures, 
the  sum  of  twenty-five  (25c)  cents  shall  be  added. 

The  fee  for  plumbing  permit,  where  no  fixtures  are 
to  be  installed,  shall  be  two  ($2.00)  dollars. 

Above  fees  include  the  fees  of  the  first  and  final  in¬ 
spections  only.  Where  additional  inspections  are  made 
necessary  by  incomplete  or  faulty  work,  the  fee  shall 
be  one  ($1.00)  dollar  additional  for  each  such  inspec¬ 
tion. 

^Section  349-2.  The  fee  for  the  issuance  of  a  cer¬ 
tificate  for  the  inspection  of  plumbing  shall  be  one 
($1.00)  dollar.  In  large  buildings  requiring  more  than 
one  inspection  on  account  of  large  quantity  of  work, 
a  fee  of  one  ($1.00)  dollar  shall  be  charged  for  each 
inspection.  The  fee  for  any  re-inspection  for  plumbing 
made  necessary  by  faulty  work,  shall  be  one  ($1.00) 
dollar. 

■^Section  349-3.  The  fees  for  wrecking  permits  for 
buildings  shall  be  two  ($2.00)  for  each  permit. 

Section  349-4.  The  fees  for  shoring,  raising  or  mov¬ 
ing  permits  shall  be  five  ($5.00)  dollars  for  each  permit. 

tSection  349-5.  The  fees  for  permits  for  the  installa¬ 
tion  of  elevators  which  do  not  extend  above  the  first 
story  shall  be  two  ($2.00)  dollars  for  each  elevator. 

For  all  elevators  extending  above  the  first  story  the 
fees  for  permits  for  installation  sh^ll  be  five  ($5.00) 
dollars,  augmented  by  fifty  (50c)  cents  for  each  addi¬ 
tional  story  above  the  first  which  the  elevator  extends 

*As  amended  by  Ordinance  Xo.  39-13,  passed  Janu¬ 
ary  21,  1913. 

fAs  amended  by  Ordinance  Xo.  297-16,  passed  June 
27,  1916.  . 

iAs  amended  by  Ordinance  Xo.  297-16,  passed  June 
27,  1916. 


I 


Building  Code  21 


for  each  elevator.  The  above  fees  shall  include  the 
fee  for  the  initial  inspection. 

’The  lowest  story  shall  be  considered  to  be  the  first 
story  and  fees  shall  be  computed  upon  that  basis. 

*|* Section  349-6.  The  fee  for  each  inspection  of  ele¬ 
vators,  except  for  the  initial  inspection,  shall  be  as  fol¬ 
lows  for  each  elevator : 

For  elevators  not  extending  above  the  first  story, 
two  ($2.00)  dollars. 

For  elevators  extending  above  the  first  story  and  not 
above  the  fourth  story,  three  ($3.00)  dollars. 

For  elevators  extending  above  the  fourth  story  four 
($4.00)  dollars. 

Section  349-7.  The  fees  for  advertising  fences,  bill 
and  signboard  permits,  shall  be  the  sum  of  ten  ($10.00) 
dollars  for  a  board  containing  seventy  (70)  square  feet 
or  less,  and  five  ($5.00)  dollars  for  every  additional 
seventy  (70)  square  feet  or  fraction  thereof. 

Section  349-8.  The  fees  for  permits  for  projecting 
signs  and  advertisements  shall  be  as  follows : 

For  signs  containing  less  than  twenty  (20)  square 
feet  one  ($1.00)  dollar;  for  signs  containing  from 
twenty  (20)  to  forty  (40)  square  feet,  two  ($2.00)  dol¬ 
lars  ;  for  signs  •  containing  forty  (40)  to  seventy  (70) 
square  feet,  five  ($5.00)  dollars ;  for  each  additional 
square  foot  above  seventy  (70)  square  feet,  twenty- 
five  (25c)  cents  per  square  foot. 

^Section  349-9.  The  fee  for  rescinding  revocations 
of  a  permit  shall  be  five  ($5.00)  dollars  in  each  case. 

^Section  349-10.  The  fee  for  repair  permits  shall  be 
one  ($1.00)  dollar  for  each  permit. 

^Section  349-11.  The  fee  for  permit  for  permanently 
suspended  awnings  or  canopies  shall  be  ten  ($10.00) 
dollars. 

Section  350.  Payment  of  Fees. 

The  payment  of  all  fees  herein  provided  shall  be 
made  to  the  City  Treasurer  direct  from  certificates 
from  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  or  the  Clerk  of 


fAs  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  297-3  6,  passed  June 
27,  1916. 

*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  297-16,  passed  June 
27,  1916. 


99 

#V#V 


Building  Code 


his  department.  The  certificates  shall  state  the  name 
of  the  person  in  whose  favor  the  permit  is  to  be  issued, 
and  the  exact  amount  in  dollars  and  cents  to  be  paid 
therefor.  The  City  Treasurer  shall  receive  the  amount 
specified  and  receipt  therefor  to  the  applicant,  who  in 
turn  shall  present  such  receipt  to  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings  or  the  clerk  of  the  department,  and  upon 
such  presentation,  a  permit  shall  be  issued.  And  a 
proper  account  of  the  receipts  thus  presented  shall  be 
kept  in  the  office  of  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  and 
presented  in  his  annual  report. 

Section  351.  Verification  of  Cost,  etc. 

The  Commissioner  shall  have  the  right  to  verify  and 
correct  the  approximate  cost  of  any  proposed  improve¬ 
ment  and  any  other  information  required  to  be  given 
him,  as  provided  for  in  this  code;  but  before  taking 
any  final  action  in  respect  thereto,  he  shall  serve  a  writ¬ 
ten  notice  on  the  person  or  persons,  firm  or  corpora¬ 
tion  filing  the  same,  and  give  an  opportunity  for  a  hear¬ 
ing  thereon  in  order  to  show  the  accuracy  of  the  in¬ 
formation  as  filed. 


SUB-TITLE  II. 

EXPLANATORY  PROVISIONS. 

Chapter  1.— ^Definitions. 

Section  352.  Alley  and  Street. 

Any  public  thoroughfare  less  than  thirty  (30)  feet 
wide  and  not  less  than  ten  (10)  feet  wide,  shall  be 
deemed  an  alley.  When  thirty  (30)  feet  wide  or  over 
it  shall  be  considered  a  street. 

Section  352 — 1.  Alteration. 

Any  change,  addition  or  modification  in  construction 
or  character  or  grade  of  occupancy. 

Section  352 — 2.  Areas. 

Open  sub-surfaces  adjacent  to  a  building  or  lot  line. 

Section  352 — 3.  Attic.  ^ 

A  story  situated  wholly  or  partly  in  the  roof  and  at 
some  point  lower  than  (8)  feet  in  height. 


Building  Code 


23 


Section  352 — 4.  Appendages. 

Dormer  windows,  cornices,  moldings,  bays,  oriel  win¬ 
dows,  balconies,  cupolas,  domes,  towers,  spires,  ventila¬ 
tors,  or  any  other  accessory  projecting  from  a  building. 

Section  352 — 5.  Basement. 

A  basement  is  a  story  partly  under  ground,  but  the 
floor  of  which  is  not  more  than  three  (3)  feet  and  six 
(6)  inches  below  the  ground  level  at  the  exterior  walls 
of  the  house,  such  ground  level  to  be  at  the  top  of  the 
areas. 

Section  352 — 6.  Bay  Window. 

A  rectangular,  curved  or  polygonal  window,  which 
projects  from  the  balance  of  the  enclosing  wall. 

Section  352 — 7.  Building  Line. 

A  line  formed  by  the  intersection  of  the  outer  face  of 
the  enclosing  walls  of  a  building  and  the  surface  of  the 
ground. 

Section  352 — 8.  Base  of  Wall. 

The  base  of  a  wall  means  the  course  immediately 
above  the  face  of  the  foundation  wall. 

Section  352 — 9.  Cellar. 

A  cellar  is  a  story  more  than  one-half  (y2)  its  height 
below  the  ground  level.  A  cellar  is  not  included  in 
designating  the  height  or  number  of  stories  of  any 
building  referred  to  in  this  title. 

Section  352 — 10.  Cement. 

X  i 

(a)  Natural  cement  is  a  product  of  calcination  of 
natural  rock.  Slag  Portlands  will  be  classed  as  a  na¬ 
tural  cement. 

(b)  Portland  cement  is  a  product  of  calcination  of 
composed  materials  and  finely  ground,  and  as  to  strength 
must  meet  the  recpiirements  hereinafter  given. 

Section  352 — 11.  Code. 

Code  as  .used  herein,  towit :  in  Sections  Nos.  332  to 
577,  both  inclusive,  means  what  is  known  as  the  “Build¬ 
ing  Code”  and  included  herein  in  said  Sections  Nos. 
332  to  577,  both  inclusive. 

Section  352 — 12.  Concrete. 

Concrete  is  a  mixture  of  cement,  sand  and  aggregates. 


24 


Building  Code 


Section  352 — 13.  Courts. 

A  court  is  an  unoccupied  space  on  the  same  lot  with 
any  building  other  than  a  yard  and  open  to  the  sky, 
and  which  does  not  abut  on  a  street  or  alley.  Courts 
shall  be  deemed  divided  into  four  (4)  classes,  namely: 

(a)  Center  Courts,  being  courts  that  extend  the  full 
width  of  the  lot,  between  any  two  buildings  or  wings- 
of  the  same  building  on  the  same  lot. 

(b)  Side  courts,  being  courts  that  abut  on  one  lot 
line  and  do  not  extend  the  full  width  of  the  lot. 

(c)  Inclosed  courts,  being  courts  that  are  inclosed 
on  all  sides. 

(d)  End  courts,  being  courts  on  the  outer  front  or 
rear  ends  of  the  building  and  open  on  the  ends.  When 
abutting  on  the  lot  line  and  are  not  side  courts,  they 
shall  be  classed  as  inclosed  courts. 

Section  352 — 14.  Drain. 

The  term  “house  drain”  is  applied  to  that  part  of  the 
main  horizontal  drain  and  its  branches  inside  of  the 
walls  of  the  building  and  'extending  to  and  connecting 
with  the  house  sewer. 

Section  352 — 15.  Dry  Cleaning- Business. 

Dry  cleaning  business  is  the  business  of  cleaning  cloth, 
clothing,  feathers,  or  any  sort  of  fabrics  by  the  use  of 
gasoline,  naphtha,  benzine,  benzole  or  similar  petroleum 
or  coal  tar  products,  or  cleaning  by  a  process  known 
as  dry  cleaning. 

Section  352 — 16.  Dumb  Waiter. 

A  dumb  waiter  is  a  special  form  of  elevator  whose 
dimensions  do  not  exceed  three  (3)  feet  square  and 
four  (4)  feet  high,  designed  to  carry  light  articles, 
provided  with  one  or  more  shelves. 

Section  352 — 17.  Factor  of  Safety. 

The  quotient  obtained  by  dividing  the  breaking  load 
or  ultimate  strength  by  the  safe  load. 

Section  352 — 18.  Fireproofing  Material. 

Fireproofing  materials  are  such  incombustible  mate¬ 
rials  that  will  withstand  the  action  of  conflagration  with¬ 
out  deformation. 

Section  352 — 19.  Fireproof  Building. 

A  fireproof  building  is  one  in  which  the  structural 
parts  are  constructed  of  hard  incombustible  material, 
such  as  stone,  brick,  iron,  steel,  terra-cotta  or  con- 


Building  Code 


25 


crete.  Buildings  constructed  of  reinforced  concrete 
construction  shall  be  deemed  to  be  fireproof  buildings, 
if  constructed  in  accordance  with  the  requirements 
of  this  code,  and  the  steel  in  the  girders  is  covered 
one  and  one-half  (1J4)  inches  and  in  columns  two  (2) 
inches.  Skeleton  steel  constructed  buildings  must  have 
all  columns,  girders,  floors  and  all  structural  portions 
of  the  building  encased  in  concrete,  hollow-tile  or  brick, 
and  must  have  all  floors  between  such  beams  constructed 
of  fireproof  material,  and  in  all  cases  the  steel  must 
be  covered  with  such  fireproofing  materials  at  least  two 
(2)  inches  in  thickness.  All  partitions  in  such  build¬ 
ings  subdividing  the  halls  and  suites  and  all  partitions, 
of  a  permanent  character  must  be  fireproof  partitions, 
built  directly  on  the  floor  construction  and  in  no  case  on 
the  wood  floors.  Floors  in  any  other  portion  of  the 
building  not  in  the  public  halls  and  toilets  may  be  of 
wood  nailed  to  the  sleepers,  bedded  in  concrete,  for  the 
purpose  of  securing  the  flooring.  In  such  buildings 
window  frames  and  sash  and  the  door  and  window 
trims  and  other  similar  finish,  unless  otherwise  provided 
for  in  this  title,  may  be  of  wood,  also  the  top  hand-rail 
of  the  stairs,  if  made  of  hard  wood. 

Section  352 — 20.  Fireproof  Doors  and  Shutters. 

Fireproof  doors  and  shutters  are  doors  and  shutters 
constructed  of  such  material  and  in  such  a  manner 
that  they  will  withstand  the  action  of  fire,  and  are  to 
be  constructed  either  of  at  least  two  (2)  thicknesses 
of  pine,  cypress  or  other  soft  wood  of  matched  boards, 
clinch-nailed  at  right  angles,  and  placed  diagonally 
with  each  other  and  securely  covered  with  tin  on  both 
sides  and  edges  with  folded  lap  joints,  the  nails  for 
fastening  the  same  to  be  driven  inside  the  lap,  or  are 
to  be  made  of  steel  with  a  solid  core,  and  either  made 
with  solid  panels  or  glazed  with  fireproof  glass  let  into 
the  frame  at  least  three-ciuarters  (V\ )  of  an  inch.  All 
hinges,  bolts  and  latches  on  fireproof  doors  or  shut¬ 
ters  shall  be  secured  or  fastened  to  the  fireproof  doors 
or  shutters  by  wrought  iron  bolts  passing  through 
the  door  or  shutter  and  secured  by  nuts  or  washers  on 
the  opposite  side,  after  the  same  have  been  covered 
with  tin,  and  all  such  doors  and  shutters  shall  be  hung 
independent  of  the  woodwork  of  the  window  or  door. 
Rolling  metal  shutters  and  doors  shall  be  considered 
fireproof,  also  other  forms  or  fireproof  doors  and  shut¬ 
ters  equally  as  effective  and  approved  by  the  Commis¬ 
sioner. 


26 


Building  Code 


Section  352 — 21.  Fireproof  Windows. 

Fireproof  windows  or  fireproof  sash  are  windows 
or  sash  constructed  entirely  of  metal  and  glazed  with 
wire  glass  one-quarter  (%)  of  an  inch  in  thickness 
and  let  into  the  rabbets  not  less  than  three-quarters 
(Fi)  of  an  inch.  No  glass  in  such  window  shall  be 
more  than  seven  hundred  and  twenty  (720)  square 
inches,  and  not  more  than  forty-eight  (48)  inches  in 
any  dimension.  Other  forms  of  fireproof  windows 
equally  as  effective  and  approved  by  the  Commissioner 
shall  be  considered  fireproof. 

Section  352 — 22.  Fire  Limits. 

The  fire  limits  shall  be  all  that  portion  of  the  city 
within  the  following  lines  l 

Beginning  at  Maryland  avenue  and  Ohio  River,  thence 
along  Maryland  avenue  to  Elberon  avenue,  thence 
along  Elberon  avenue  to  Warsaw  avenue,  thence  along 
Warsaw  avenue  to  Wilder  avenue,  thence  along  Wilder 
avenue  to  Neff  avenue,  thertce  along  Neff  avenue  to 
Lehman  road,  thence  along  Lehman  road  to  State  ave¬ 
nue,  thence  along  State  avenue  to  Harrison  avenue, 
thence  along  Harrison  avenue  to  Queen  City  avenue, 
thence  along  Queen  City  avenue  to  the  B.  &  O.  Rail¬ 
way  tracks,  thence  along  the  railroad  tracks  to  Hopple 
street,  thence  eastwardly  along  Hopple  street  to  Miami 
Canal,  thence  following  the  canal  to  Mohawk  street, 
thence  along  Mohawk  street  to  McMicken  avenue, 
thence  along  McMicken  avenue  to  Vine  street,  thence 
along  Vine  street  to  East  Clifton  avenue,  thence  along 
East  Clifton  avenue  to  Main  street,  thence  along  M^iin 
street  to  Schiller  street,  thence  eastwardly  on  Schiller 
street  to  Sycamore  street,  thence  south  along  Sycamore 
street  to  Liberty  street,  thence  eastwardly  along  Liberty 
street  to  Section  Line,  thence  north  along  Section  Line 
to  Dorchester  street,  thence  eastwardly  along  Dorchester 
street  to  Florence  avenue  and  Park  entrance,  thence 
along  Park  entrance  to  Gilbert  avenue,  thence  along 
Gilbert  avenue  to  Sixth  street,  thence  along  Sixth 
street  to  Lock  street,  thence  along  Lock  street  to  Third 
street,  thence  along  Third  street  to  Eastern  avenue, 
thence  south  from  Eastern  avenue  to  Ohio  River,  thence 
alorfg  Ohio  River  to  the  place  of  beginning.  Also  all 
blocks  outside  these  limits  that  are  now  or  may,  from 
time  to  time,  be  established  by  the  proper  authorities 
as  “blocked  squares.” 


Building  Code 


27 


Section  352 — 23.  Footings. 

Tlie  projecting  course  or  courses  at  the  bottom  of 
a  foundation  wall  or  pier. 

Section  352 — 24.  Foundation. 

(a)  All  that  portion  of  a  building  or  structure  be¬ 
low  the  top  of  the  footings  of  basement  or  cellar  floor. 

(b)  The  earth  upon  which  the  structure  rests. 

Section  352 — 25.  Hall. 

(a)  Public  Hall — A  public  hall  is  a  hall,  corridor  or 
passageway  used  in  common  by  occupants  within  a 
building. 

(b)  Stair  Hall — A  stair  hall  includes  the  stairs,  stair 
landings  and  other  portion  of  the  public  halls  through 
which  it  is  necessary  to  pass  in  going  between  the  en¬ 
trance  floor  and  the  roof. 

Section  352 — 26.  Height  of  a  Building. 

i 

The  height  of  a  building  is  measured  on  the  center 
line  of.  its  principal  front,  from  the  established  or 
natural  grade  at  the  building  line  to  the  highest  point 
in  the  coping  of  flat  roofs,  or  to  the  deck  line  of  a 
mansard  roof  or  to  the  center  height  of  the  highest 
gable  in  a  pitched  roof  or  to  half  the  height  of  a  hipped 
roof.  If  the  grade  of  the  lot  or  adjoining  street  in  the 
rear  or  along  the  side  of  the  building  falls  below  the 
grade  of  the  front,  the  height  shall  be  taken  in  the  cen¬ 
ter  of  the  side  showing  the  greatest  fall. 

Section  352—27.  Height  of  Walls. 

The  height  of  every  external,  party  and  division 
bearing  wall  shall  be  measured  from  the  base  of  the 
wall  to  the  level  of  the  top  of  the  topmost  story,  but 
in  no  case  higher  than  the  actual  top  of  the  wall. 

Section  352 — 28.  Height  of  Stories. 

Idle  height  of  the  topmost  story  shall  be  measured 
from  the  level  of  its  floor  to  the  underside  of  the  ceil¬ 
ing  joists  or  collar  beams  forming  a  tie  to  the  roof, 
or  up  to  the  vertical  height  of  the  rafters  when  the 
roof  has  no  such  tie,  and  the  height  of  any  other  story 
shall  lie  clear  height  of  such  story. 

Section  352 — 29.  Incombustible  Roof. 

An'  incombustible  roof  is  one  covered  with  not  less 
than  three  (3)  thicknesses  of  roofing  felt,  each  weigh- 


28 


Building  Code 


ing  fourteen  (14)  pounds  to  the  square,  all  cemented 
together  and  covered  with  a  good  coat  of  pitch,  soHdly 
mopped  and  finished  with  a  gravel  top,  or  with  tin, 
corrugated  iron,  slate,  tile,  cement,  asbestos  shingles 
or  other  fire  resisting  material,  properly  applied. 

Section  352 — 30.  Incombustible  Stud  Partition. 

An  incombustible  stud  partition  is  one  plastered  on 
both  sides  upon  metal  or  wire  cloth  for  the  full  height, 
and  fire  stopped  between  the  studs  with  incombustible 
material  eight  (8)  inches  high  from  the  floor  and  at 
the  ceiling. 

Section  352 — 31.  Incombustible  Material. 

When  referred  to  as  a  structural  material,  means 
brick,  stone,  slate,  terra-cotta,  concrete,  wire  glass 
one-quarter  (Y\)  inch  thick,  iron,  steel  or  sheet  metal 
and  heavy  asbestos  and  mineral  wool,  when  used  alone 
or  in  combination  with  one  another. 

Section  352 — 32.  Length  of  a  Building. 

The  length  of  a  building  is_ its  greatest  lineal  dimen¬ 
sion,  usually  measured  in  the  direction  of  the  bearing 
walls  or  girders. 

Section  352 — 33.  Loads  on  Buildings. 

(a)  Dead  loads  shall  consist  of  the  actual  weight 
of  walls,  floors,  roofs,  partitions  and  all  permanent 
construction. 

(b)  Live  loads  shall  consist  of  all  imposed,  fixed 
or  transient  loads,  other  than  dead,  due  to  the  occu¬ 
pancy  of  the  building  and  its  exposure  to  wind  pressure. 

(c)  Where  the  word  load  is  used  in  this  code,  it 
shall  mean  to  include  both  dead  and  live  loads. 

Section  352 — 34.  Lot  Line. 

The  line  of  demarcation  between  either  public  or 
private  properties  ;  a  party  line  is  the  lot  line  between 
adjoining  properties.  When  such  lot  line  abuts  on  a 
street  or  alley,  park  or  other  public  property,  it  shall 
be  known  as  a  street  line. 

Section  352 — 35.  Mill  Constructed  Buildings. 

Mill  constructed  buildings  are  buildings  wherein  the 
post  timbers  are  not  less  than  10x10  inches,  except 
those  supporting  the  roof,  which  may  be  8x8  inches, 
the  main  floor  girders  being  not  less  than  10  inches 


Building  Code 


29 


in  width  and  the  girders  next  to  the  wall,  and  floor 
beams  not  less  than  6  inches  in  width,  roof  girders 
not  less  than  8  inches  in  width,  and  all  beams  and 
girders  not  less  than  10  inches  in  depth,  and  where  the 
floors  are  double  and  -  the  under  flooring  is  not  less 
than  two  and  one-quarter  (2%)  of  an  inch  thick  and 
the  top  flooring  not  less  than  seven-eighths  (J^)  of 
an  inch  thick,  with  the  under  flooring  tongued  and 
grooved,  splined  or  laid  on  edge  with  broken  joints 
and  thoroughly  spiked  together,  and  the  upper  floor- 
ihg  tongued  and  grooved  and  well  nailed,  and  between 
which  floors  are  laid  at  least  two  (2)  thicknesses  of 
water-proofed  fabric.  The  dimensions  herein  given  are 
for  timbers  before  being  dressed. 

Section  352 — 36.  Mortar. 

% 

Mortar  is  a  mixture  of  sand  and  lime,  or  of  sand 
and  cement,  or  of  sand,  lime  and  cement  and  clean 
water. 

Section  352 — 37.  Opening’. 

» 

Any  door,  window  or  skylight  that  may  be  opened 
mechanically  or  by  fire. 

Section  352 — 38.  Owner. 

Any  person  or  persons,  company  or  corporation 
owning  the  building,  or  the  property  under  considera¬ 
tion  or  being  built  upon.  For  the  purposes  of  this 
<;ode,  guardians  or  trustees  will  be  regarded  as  the 
owner. 

Section  352 — 39.  Partition. 

A  partition  is  an  interior  subdividing  wall  constructed 
of  other  material  than  masonry.  The  name  or  class 
of  the  structural  material  is  usually  prefixed. 

Section  352 — 40.  Pipe. 

(a)  The  term  “soil  pipe”  is  applied  to  any  vertical 
line  of  pipe  extending  through  the  roof,  receiving  the 
discharge  of  one  or  more  water  closets,  with  or  with¬ 
out  any  other  fixture. 

(b)  The  term  “waste  pipe”  is  applied  to  any  pipe 
extending  through  the  roof  or  not,  receiving  the  dis¬ 
charge  from  any  fixtures  except  water  closets. 

(c)  The  term  “vent  pipe”  is  applied  to  any  special 
pipe  provided  to  ventilate  the  system  of  piping,  and 
to  prevent  trap  syphonage  and  back  pressure. 


30 


Building  Code 


Section  352 — 41.  Post., 

A  term  which  when  used  in  this  code  means  a  wooden 
support  or  column. 

Section  352 — 42.  Repairs. 

The  reconstruction  or  renewal  of  any  part  of  an 
existing  building  for  the  purpose  of  its  maintenance 
in  its  present  class  of  construction  and  grade  of  occu¬ 
pancy. 

Section  352 — 43.  Semi-Fireproof  Buildings. 

Semi-fireproof  buildings  are  buildings  that  have  all 
portions  of  the  structural  iron  or  steel  covered  as  re¬ 
quired  for  fireproof  buildings,  and  are  constructed 
either  of  mill  construction  or  slow-burning  construc¬ 
tion,  and  all  appendages  are  of  fireproof  material. 

Section  352 — 44.  Sewer. 

(a)  The  term  “private  sewer”  is  applied  to  main 
sewers  that  are  not  constructed  by  ,and  under  the 
supervision  of  the  Chief  Engineer  of  the  Department 
of  PiTblic  Service. 

(b)  The  term  “house  sewer”  is  applied  to  that  part 
of  the  main  drain  or  sewer  extending  from  a  point 
five  (5)  feet  outside  of  the  outer  wall  of  the  building, 
vault  or  area,  to  its  connection  with  the  public  sewer, 
private  sewer  or  cesspool. 

Section  352 — 45.  Shaft. 

A  shaft  is  a  vertical  enclosed  space  that  is  *open 
from  the  bottom  unobstructed  to  the  top,  and  used 
exclusively  for  ventilation,  dumb  waiter,  elevator,  wir¬ 
ing  or  piping  purposes. 

Section  352 — 46.  Slow-burning  Constructed  Build¬ 
ings. 

Slow-burning  constructed  buildings  are  buildings  in 
which  mill  construction-  is  used  and  in  which  the 
structural  members  are  entirely  enveloped  in  incom¬ 
bustible  material,  and  where  the  under  side  of  all  floors 
is  protected  against  fire  in  the  same  manner  as  the 
wooden  structural  members.  Protection  of  wooden 
members  may  consist  of  a  single  thickness  of  •  any 
standard  patent  plaster  applied  on  metallic  or  wire 
lath,  such  metallic  lath  and  plaster  to  follow  the  contour 
of  the  girders,  beams  and  joists,  and  shall  be  applied 
directly  to  the  ceiling  without  furring,  so  that  there  will 


Building  Code 


31 


be  no  air  spaces  between  any  wood-work  and  the  plas¬ 
tering.  All  partitions  in  such  buildings  may  be  incom¬ 
bustible  stud  partitions.  Buildings  constructed  in  the 
ordinary  manner  and  all  parts  of  the  ceilings  and  par¬ 
titions  entirely  covered  with  metal  lath  and  plaster  shall 
be  considered  as  slow-burning  construction. 

Section  352 — 47.  Ton. 

Whenever  used  in  this  title,* a  ton  is  two  thousand 
(2,0'00)  pounds. 

Section  352 — 48.  Veneer. 

Veneer  is  the  outer  facing  used  for  the  protection  of 
the  backing,  but  not  counted  as  adding  anything  to  its 
strength. 

Section  352- — 49.  Volatile  Inflammable  Liquid. 

By  the  term  “volatile  inflammable  liquid’’  is  meant 
any  liquid  that  will  emit  an  inflammable  vapor  at  a 
temperature  below  one  hundred  (100)  degrees  Fahren¬ 
heit  when  tested  in  the  open  air. 

Section  352 — 50.  Walls. 

(a)  “External  wall”  means  every  outer  wall  or  ver¬ 
tical  enclosure  of  any  buildings  not  being  a  party  wall. 

(b)  “Party  wall”  means  a  wall  that  separates  two 
buildings  or  more  buildings,  and  is  used  or  is  to  be 
used  jointly  by  said  separate  buildings. 

(c)  “Division  wall”  means  a  wall  that  separates 
one  part  of  any  building  from  another  part  of  the 
same  *  building,  and  when  referred  to  in  this  code 
means  a  non-bearing  wall. 

(d)  “Division  bearing  wall”  means  a  division  wall 
that  carries  or  sustains  the  weight  of  floor  or  roof. 

(e)  “Curtain  wall”  means  the  enclosing  wall  of  an 
iron  or  steel  or  reinforced  concrete  skeleton  frame  or 
the  non-bearing  portion  of  an  inclosing  wall  between 
the  piers. 

(f)  “Apron  wall”  means  a  wall  at  the  different  floor 
levels  between  the  piers  and  between  the  head  and  siii 
of  windows. 

(g)  “Foundation  wall”  means  that  portion  of  an  in¬ 
closing  wall  below  the  first  tier  of  floor  joists  or  beams 
nearest  and  above  the  grade  line,  and  that  portion  of 
any  interior  wall  or  pier  below  the  basement  or  cellar 
floor. 


32 


Building  Code 


I 


(h)  “Fire  wall”  means  the  coping  or  parapet  walls 
above  the  roof,  also  any  division  or  partition  wall 
dividing  spaces  into  limited  areas  for  protection  pur¬ 
poses. 

(i)  “Retaining  wall”  means  a  wall  built  to  resist 
the  lateral  pressure  of  the  adjoining  earth  and  to 
prevent  its  caving  in.  Also,  an  inclosing  .wall  built 
to  resist  the  lateral  pressure  of  internal  loads. 

-Section  352 — 51.  Wells. 

Wells  are  open  spaces  in  floors  for  other  purposes 
than  for  stairs  or  shafts. 

Section  352 — 52.  Width  of  a  Building. 

The  width  of  a  building  is  its  shortest  lineal  dimen¬ 
sion,  usually  measured  in  the  direction  of  the  floor 
beams  or  joists. 

Section  352 — 53.  Wire  Glass. 

Wire  glass  is  a  wire-woven  glass  not  less  than  one- 
quarter  (Y\)  of  an  inch  thick.  It  is  also  termed  “fire¬ 
proof  glass.” 

Section  352 — 54.  Yard. 

A  yard  is  an  open  space  on  the  same  lot  with  the 
house  between  the  rear  line  of  the  house  and  the  rear 
line  of  the  lot  or  at  the  side  of  the  house  and  which 
has  at  least  one  side  or  end  abutting  on  a  street  or 
alley. 

Section  353.  General  Terms. 

Whenever  the  word  Code,  Ordinance,  Regulations, 
Commissioner  of  Buddings,  Department  of  Health, 
Waterworks  Department,  Fire  Department,  Depart¬ 
ment  charged  with  the  enforcement  of  this  code,  Mayor, 
Council,  City  Solicitor,  City  Tre^fsurer,  or  Fire  Limits, 
occur  in  this  code,  the  same  shall  be  construed  as  if 
followed  by  the  words  “of  the  City  of  Cincinnati.” 

.Wherever  the  words  “is  occupied”  are  used  in  this 
code  applying  to  any  building,  such  words  shall  be  con¬ 
strued  as  if  followed  by  the  words  “or  is  intended, 
arranged  or  designed  to  be  occupied.” 

Chapter  2. — Classification  of  Buildings. 

Section  354.  Public  Buildings. 

All  buildings  devoted  in  whole  or  in  part  to  the  use 
of  the  general  public,  either  for  the  purpose  of  state 
or  places  of  assemblage,  are  public  buildings.  This 


Building  Code 


33 


term  shall  include  buildings  designed  to  be  occupied 
by  state,  county  or  city  administration  or  judicial  of¬ 
fices,  libraries,  museums,  art  galleries  or  council 
chambers. 

Section  354 — 1.  “Detention  buildings”  are  such  as 
private  hospitals,  reformatories,  prisons  and  police 
stations. 

Section  354 — 2.  “School  buildings””  include  ad 
schools,  college  or  other  buildings  containing  class, 
drawing,  lecture  rooms  or  rooms  for  the  purpose  of 
education  or  instruction.  If  any  such  building  has  an 
assembly  room  of  greater  seating  capacity  than  the 
seating  capacity  of  four  (4)  of  the  class-rooms  therein, 
such  assembly  rooms  will  be  deemed  an  assembly  hall. 

Section  354 — 3.  “Assembly  halls”  include  all 
churches,  convention  halls,  railroad  depots,  or  that  part 
of  any  building  containing  an  assembly  room  for  the 
concourse  of  more  than  two  hundred  (2001  people. 

Section  354 — 4.  “Theatres”  include  all  theatres,  opera 
houses,  playhouses,  pavilions,  or  any  assembly  hall  de¬ 
signed  or  used  for  the  entertainment  of  spectators, 
having  a  permanent  stage  twenty  (20)  feet  or  more 
in  depth,  from  the  curtain  line  to  the  rear  wall,  upon 
which  stage  scenery  and  theatrical  apparatus  are  em¬ 
ployed,  and  having  fly  galleries  and  rigging  lofts. 

Section  354—5.  “Picture  machine  theaters”  are 
assembly  halls  on  the  level  with  the  street,  having  no 
stage  and  with  a  maximum  seating  capacity  of  three 
hundred  (300),  and  in  which  motion  pictures  are  dis¬ 
played  upon  screens.  When  such  theaters  exceed  a 
seating  capacity  of  three  hundred  (300)  they  shall  be 
classed  as  theaters. 

Section  355.  Semi-Public  Buildings. 

All  buildings  used  for  public  shelter,  either  for  the 
purpose  of  business,  manufacture,  storage  or  for  tem¬ 
porary  abode  or  habitation,  are  termed  “semi-public 
buildings.” 

Section  355 — 1.  “Hotels”  include  all  hotels,  public 
inns,  or  any  building  or  part  thereof  designed  to  be 
used  for  supplying  food  or  shelter  to  residents  or 
guests  and  having  a  public  dining  room,  cafe  or  office, 
or  either.  A  public  lodging  house  or  a  building  used 
for  the  shelter  of  residents  or  guests  will  be  classified 
as  a  hotel. 


Building  Code 


34 


Q 


Section  355— -2.  “Office  buildings"  include  any  build¬ 
ing  designed  or  used  for  office  purposes  in  the  conduct 
of  general  business,  but  may  have  a  store  or  salesroom 
on  the  ground  floor,  no  part  of  which  building  shall 
be  used  for  living  purposes  excepting  only  for  the 
janitor  and  his  family. 

Section  355 — 3.  “Store  buildings"  include  any  build¬ 
ing  designed  or  used  for  the  sale  of  merchandise  or 
object  of  utility,  or  general  supplies. 

Section  355 — 4.  “Warehouse"  includes  any  building 
designed  or  used  for  the  storage  of  merchandise  in  gen¬ 
eral  or  food  supplies. 

Section  355 — 5.  “Factory  building"  includes  any 
building  designed  or  used  for  the  manufacture  of  mer¬ 
chandise  by  machinery. 

Section  355 — 6.  “Work  shop"  includes  any  building 
designed  or  used  for  the  manufacture  of  merchandise 
by  hand. 

Section  356.  Club  House. 

A  club  house  is  a  building  used  or  intended  for  use 
by  an  organization  or  society  for  mutual  entertainment 
or  recreation.  When  such  buildings  contain  fifteen 
(15)  or  more  rooms  for  sleeping  purposes,  they  shall 
be  classed  as  hotels,  and  when  such  buildings  contain 
assembly  halls,  seating  two  hundred  (200)  or  more 
they  shall  be  classed  as  assembly  halls.  When  the  seat¬ 
ing  capacity  in  such  auditorium  exceeds  five  hundred 
(500),  and  has  a  permanent  stage  in  excess  of  twenty 
(20)  feet  in  depth,  and  having  fly  galleries  and  rigging 
lofts,  such  portion  of  the  building  containing  the  as¬ 
sembly  hall  shall  meet  the  requirements  for  theaters. 

Section  357.  Tenement  House. 

A  tenement  house  is  a  house  or  building  or  portion 
thereof  which  is  rented,  leased,  let  or  hired  out  to  be 
occupied,  or  is  occupied  as  the  home  or  residence  of 
three  or  more  families  living  independently  of  each 
other  and  doing  their  cooking  upon  the  premises,  but 
having  a  common  right  in  the  halls,  stairways,  yards, 
water-closets  or  privies  or  some  of  them. 

Section  358.  Dwellings. 

A  dwelling  shall  be  taken  to  mean  and  include  every 
building  which  shall  be  intended  or  designed  for,  or 
used  as  the  house  or  residence  of  not  more  than  two 


1 


Building  Code 


35 


(2)  separate  and  distinct  families,  and  in  which  not 
more  than  fifteen  (15)  rooms  shall  be  used  for  the  ac¬ 
commodation  of  boarders,  and  no  part  of  which  struc¬ 
ture  is  used  as  a  store  or  for  any  business  purposes. 
Two  (2)  or  more  such  dwellings  may  be  connected  on 
each  story  when  used  for  boarding  purposes,  provided 
the  halls  and  stairs  of  each  house  shall  remain. 

Section  359.  Stables. 

Include  all  buildings  designed  or  used  for  public  liv¬ 
ery,  boarding  or  transfer  stables,  all  private  barns,  car¬ 
riage  houses,  sheds,  pens,  coops,  stock  yards  and  slaugh¬ 
ter  houses,  or  any  building  for  the  feeding  or  shelter¬ 
ing  of  animals  or  fowls. 

Section  360.  Garages. 

By  the  term  “garages”  is  meant  a  building  or  that 
portion  of  a  building,  wherein  are  kept  one  (1)  or 
more  vehicles  charged  with,  or  containing  a  volatile 
inflammable  liquid  for  fuel  or  power.  Where  any 
portion  of  a  building  is  used  for  a  garage  the  garage 
shall  be  deemed  to  embrace  all  of  the  building  not 
separated  from  the  garage  proper  by  fire  walls.  All 
openings  in  such  walls  shall  be  protected  on  both 
sides  by  fireproof  doors,  constantly  closed,  except 
when  necessarily  opened  for  passage.  “Public” 
garages  are  garages  that  are  let  or  hired  for  storage 
or  repair  of  such  vehicles.  “Private”  garages  are 
garages  used  by  individual  owners  of  such  vehicles 
only. 

Section  361.  Shed. 

A  shed  is  a  covered  structure  with  one  or  more  of 
its  sides  uninclosed. 

Section  362.  Buildings  Used  for  the  Purposes  of 
More  Than  One  Class. 

Where  any  building  is  used  for  the  purpose  of  two 
or  more  classes  as  herein  specified  and  defined,  such 
portion  of  any  such  building  as  is  devoted  to  the  uses 
and  purposes  of  any  particular  class,  shall  be  con¬ 
structed,  operated  and  maintained  in  accordance  with 
the  requirements  of  this  code  relating  to  such  class, 
unless  such  construction  shall  prove  impracticable,  or 
unless  there  would  be  conflict  between  the  provisions 
relating  to  the  construction  of  buildings;  in  either 
of  which  cases  the  provisions  relating  to  and  govern- 


36 


Building  Code 


ing  the  construction  of  buildings  of  the  class  requir¬ 
ing  the  best  and  safest  form  of  construction  shall 
govern. 

Section  363.  Conflict  Between  Special  and  General 
Provisions. 

Whenever  any  provision  or  requirement  herein  re¬ 
lating  specifically  to  the  construction,  equipment, 
maintenance  or  operation  of  any  building  or  part 
of  a  building,  used  for  the  purpose  of  any  specified 
class,  shall  conflict  with  the  general  provisions  herein 
relating  to  the  construction,  equipment,  maintenance 
or  operation  of  buildings  generally,  the  specific  pro¬ 
visions  shall  govern  in  each  case. 

SUB -TITLE  III. 

PROPERTY  RIGHTS. 

Chapter  1. — Private.' 

Section  364.  Depth  of  Excavations. 

The  owner  or  possessor  of  any  lot  or  land  may  dig 
or  cause  to  be  dug  any  cellar,  pit,  vault  or  excavation 
to  the  full  depth  of  any  foundation  wall  of  any  build¬ 
ing  upon  the  adjoining  lot  or  lots,  or  to  the  full  depth 
of  nine  (9)  feet  below  the  established  grade  of  the 
street  whereon  such  lot  abuts  without  reference  to 
the  depth  of  adjoining  foundation  walls,  without  in¬ 
curring  any  liability;  if  such  owner  or  possessor  digs 
or  causes  to  be  dug  any  cellar,  pit,  vault  or  excavation 
to  a  greater  depth  than  nine  (9)  feet  below  the  curb 
of  the  street  on  which  the  lot  or  land  abuts,  or  if  there 
be  no  curb  below  the  established  grade  of  the  street 
or  streets  on  which  such  lot  or  land  abuts,  or,  if  there 
be  no  curb  or  established  grade  below  the  surface  of 
the  adjoining  lots,  such  owner  or  possessor  shall  pro¬ 
tect  from  damage  any  wall,  house  or  other  building 
upon  the  adjoining  lot  or  lots. 

Section  365.  Grading  Lots. 

The  owner  or  possessor  of  any  lot  or  land  may  on 
thirty  (30)  days’  notice  to  the  adjoining  owner  grade 
and  improve  the  surface  of  any  lot  to  correspond  with 
the  established  grade  of  the  street  or  alley  upon  which 
it  abuts  without  incurring  any  liability  to  the  adjoining 
owners. 


Building  Code 


37 


Section  366.  Notice  to  Adjoining*  Owner. 

When  the  owner  or  possessor  of  any  lot  or  land  is 
about  to  dig  or  cause  to  be  dug  any  cellar,  pit,  vault 
or  excavation,  affecting  in  any  way  any  wall,  house  or 
other  building  upon  the  adjoining  lots,  10  days’  notice 
thereof  shall  be  given  to  the  adjoining  owners  in 
writing,  containing  a  statement  of  the  extent  and 
character  of  the  excavation  so  to  be  made,  and  an 
opportunity  given  to  said  adjoining  owners  to  comply 
with  the  terms  of  this  code  and  all  other  laws  and 
ordinances  in  force  in  the  city  relating  to  the  same 
subject  matter. 

Section  367.  Responsibility  of  Adjoining  Owners. 

If  the  owner  or  possessor  of  any  lot  or  land  who  is 
about  to  dig  or  cause  to  be  dug  any  cellar,  pit,  vault 
or  excavation  as  herein  provided,  does  not  intend  to 
carry  the  same  to  the  depth  of  any  foundation  wall  of 
any  building  upon  an  adjoining  lot,  or  to  the  full 
depth  of  nine  (9)  feet  below  the  curb  or  established 
grade  of  the  street  whereon  such  lot  abuts,  without 
reference  to  the  depth  of  adjoining  foundation  walls, 
the  owner  or  owners  of  such  adjoining  lot,  and  any 
wall,  house  or  building  thereon,  shall  preserve  the 
same  from  injury  and  so  support  the  same  by  proper 
foundations  that  it  shall  be  and  remain  as  safe  as 
before  such  excavation  was  commenced.  If  such  owner 
£>r  possessor  is  about  to  dig  or  cause  to  be  dug  any 
cellar,  pit,  vault  or  excavation  to  a  greater  depth  than 
nine  (9)  feet  below  the  curb  or  established  grade 
of  the  street  on  which  the  lot  or  land  abuts,  or  if  there 
be  no  curb  or  established  grade  below  the  surface  of 
the  adjoining  lots,  he  shall  protect  from  damage  any 
wall,  house  or  building  on  the  adjoining  lots  and  shall 
preserve  the  same  from  injury,  and  so  support  the 
same  by  proper  foundations  that  it  shall  be  and  re¬ 
main  as  safe  as  before  such  excavation  was  commenced. 

Section  368.  Access  by  Adjoining  Owners. 

The  owners  of  adjoining  lots  or  lands  shall  afford 
access  to  each  other  respectively  on  their  property  for 
the  purpose  of  conforming  to  the  obligations  imposed 
by  this  code  in  the  protection  from  damage  of  any 
wall,  house  or  other  building  upon  the  adjoining  lots, 
but  the  owner  so  entering  upon  adjoining  property 
shall  protect  the  same  from  any  loss  or  damage;  if  any 
adjoining  owner  upon  whose  property  it  is  necessary 


38 


Building  Code 


to  enter  for  the  protection  of  any  wall,  house  or  other 
building,  shall  refuse  permission  for  that  purpose,  then 
the  owner  so  refusing  to  grant  permission  shall  be  re¬ 
quired  to  assume  the  burden  of  protecting  said  wall, 
house  or  other  building. 

Section  369.  Protection  of  Adjoining  Skylights 
and  Roofs. 

If  the  walls  of  any  building  are  carried  up  one  (1) 
story  or  more  above  the  roofs  of  the  adjoining  build¬ 
ings,  proper  means  shall  be  provided  and  used  for  the 
temporary  protection  of  skylights  and  roofs  of  such 
adjoining  buildings,  the  same  to-be  subject  to  the 
inspection  and  approval  of  the  Commissioner  of  Build¬ 
ings.  Should  any  adjoining  owner,  tenant  or  lessee 
refuse  to  grant  permission  to  have  said  roofs  and  sky¬ 
lights  so  protected,  such  owner,  tenant  or  lessee  shall 
be  required  to  protect  said  skylight  and  roof. 


Chapter  2. — Public. 

Section  370.  Temporary  Use  of  Sidewalks. 

Whenever  any  person  or  persons,  firm  or  corporation 
shall  be  about  to  erect,  change,  alter  or  repair  any 
building,  or  the  external  walls  of  any  building  within 
five  (5)  feet  of  the  line  of  a  traveled  street,  said  per¬ 
son  or  persons,  firm  or  corporation  shall  cause  the  por¬ 
tion  of  said  site  of  said  building  bordering  on  said 
street  to  be  inclosed  by  a  suitable  fence  located  at  least 
seven  (7)  feet  from  the  line  of  such  building,  and,  if 
such  fence  shall  prevent  passage  on  the  sidewalk,  shall 
lay  and  maintain  a  suitable  sidewalk  around  the  same, 
and  whenever  deemed  proper  by  the  Commissioner,  the 
said  fence  and  walk  shall  be  removed,  and  the  person 
or  persons,  firm  or  corporation  shall  build  and  maintain 
a  temporary  sidewalk  (or  bridge  if  there  is  an  area 
under  the  permanent  sidewalk),  not  less  than  four  (4) 
feet  wide,  and  within  the  limits  of  the  width  of  the 
sidewalk;  and  the  sidewalk  space  shall  be  temporarily 
roofed  over  and  the  temporary  walk  provided  with 
railings  so  as  to  completely  protect  the  public,  and  such 
other  precautions  shall  be  taken  for  the  protection  of 
the  public  from  injury  in  the  use  of  the  sidewalk  as 
the  Commissioner  may  direct. 


/ 


Building  Code 


39 


Section  371.  Temporary  Use  of  Roadway. 

The  use  of  any  part  of  the  roadway  of  a  street  for 
the  storage  of  building  material  or  apparatus  of  any 
kind  used  in  construction  shall  not  be  permitted  after 
the  external  walls  have  reached  the  fourth  story; 
prior  to  such  time  the  Commissioner  shall  have  the 
power-to  permit  a  temporary  use  of  the  roadway,  but 
the  same  shall  not  interfere  with  the  use  of  said  street 
and  roadway  by  the  general  public.  In  no  case  shall 
material  be  deposited  nearer  the  street  car  tracks  than 
four  (4)  feet  and  the  outside  line  of  material  so  de¬ 
posited  shall  not  extend  into  the  street  more  than  one 
third  (1-3)  of  the  width  thereof.  The  gutters  shall  at 
all  times  be  kept  clean  and  free  of  all  obstructions. 

Section  372.  Application  for  Use  of  Sidewalk, 
Streets  and  Other  Spaces. 

All  applications  for  the  temporary  use  of  the  side¬ 
walk  space,  the  street  or  roadway,  -  or  other  spaces 
belonging  to  the  city,  shall  be  made  to  the  Director  of 
Public  Service,  and  permits  shall  be  issued  by  him, 
subject  to  the  approval,  however,  of  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings;  and  such  application  shall  describe  the 
ground,  the  use  to  be  made  of  the  same  and  the  length 
of  time  of  such  intended  occupation.  Permits  for  the 
use  of  such  places  shall  not  be  granted. for  a  longer 
time  than  four  (4)  months,  but  may  be  renewed  from 
time  to  time  at  the  discretion  of  the  Director  of  Public 
Service,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings,  such  renewal  not  being  for  more  than 
four  (4)  months  at  any  one  time.  And  any  permit 
issued  under  the  provisions  hereof  may  be  revoked  by 
the  Director  of  Public  Service,  whenever  the  person 
or  persons,  firm  or  corporation  securing  the  same,  or 
the  contractor  or  other  person  engaged  in  the  use  of 
the  sidewalk,  street  'or  public  space,  have  or  are  vio¬ 
lating  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  code  or  any  of  the 
laws  or  ordinances  in  force  in  the  city,,  and  the  Com¬ 
missioner  may  recommend  such  revocation  for  the 
same  reasons. 

Section  373.  Use  of  Guide  Ropes  for  Derricks. 

Guide  ropes  for  derricks  and  hoists  shall  not  be 
stretched  across  a  street  or  public  square  unless  under 
the  direction  of  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  by 
special  permit  of  the  Director  of  Public  Service. 


40 


Building  Code 


'"Section  374.  Restoration  of  the  Street  and  Side¬ 
walk. 

Whenever  any  street,  alley  or  sidewalk  of  the  street 
is  damaged  by  the  erection  or  alteration  of  any  build¬ 
ing  abutting  thereon  by  reason  of  the  construction 
of  said  building,  the  same  shall  be  restored  by  the 
owner  to  the  same  condition  it  was  in  prior  to  the 
beginning  of  the  work.  This  does  not  include  the 
sewe-r,  gas,  water  or  electric  light  trenches. 

Section  375.  Permanent  Use  of  Sidewalk  Space. 

Any  person  desiring  to  utilize  the  space  under  the 
sidewalk  abutting  his  property,  shall,  during  the  ex¬ 
cavation  thereof,  protect  the  adjacent  streets  and 
alleys,  and  also  the  adjoining  property  and  any  sewers, 
gas  pipes,  conduits,  telegraph,  telephone,  electric  light 
and  trolley  poles  and  any  other  utility  laid  in  or  placed 
upon  any  street  or  alley  by  authority  of  the  city;  and 
shall  also  construct  efficient  retaining  walls  to  support 
the  roadway  and  sidewalk  and  cover  such  space  with 
a  strong  and  suitable  sidewalk  in  accordance  with  the 
laws  and  ordinances  of  the  city.  No  plain  surface  of 
glass  or  iron  greater  than  two  and  three-quarters  (2$4) 
inches  in  width  or  diameter  shall  be  placed  in  any  side¬ 
walk. 

Section  376.  Permanent  Use  of  Roadway. 

There  shall  be  no  permanent  use  permitted  of  the 
space  under  the  traveled  roadway  of  a  street  between 
the  curb  lines. 

Section  377.  Cellar  Doors  and  Coal  Chutes. 

Doors  in  sidewalks  shall  close  down  flush  with  the 
same  and  shall  not  extend  beyond  the  property  line 
more  than -four  (4)  fee£  and  six  (6)  inches.  Coal 
chutes  and  doors  for  receiving  merchandise  may  be 
constructed  not  more  than  one-third  (1-3)  the  width  of 
the  sidewalk  from  the  curb  line,  and  shall  close  down 
flush  with  the  sidewalk.  And  whenever  the  doors  or 
coverings  of  any  of  said  openings  in  the  sidewalks  are 
open,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  person  or  persons, 
firm  or  corporation,  for  whose  use  the  same  have  been 
opened,  -to  protect  the  public  and  pedestrians  by 
guards  or  barricades  so  as  to  prevent  any  accident  or 

*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  293-14,  passed  June 
9,  1914. 


Building  Code 


41 


injury.  Such  doors  shall  be  used  for  delivery  and  re¬ 
ceiving  of  goods  only,  and  at  all  other  times  shall  be 
kept  closed  so  as  to  not  obstruct  the  sidewalk. 

Section  378.  Prohibited  Projections. 

No  open  areas,  railings,  steps,  show  window,  or  any 
portion  of  a  building  or  structure,  except-  portions 
mentioned  under  Section  379  herein,  shall  project  over 
a -street  or  alley  under  twelve  (12)  feet  above  the  level 

of  the  curb  opposite  the  center  of  such  projection. 

• 

Section  379.  Projections  of  Bases,  Columns,  etc. 

Bases,  columns,  pilasters,  capitals,  corbels,  mold¬ 
ings,  sculpture,  and  other  decorative  features  which  are 
part  of  the  construction,  may  project  eight  (8)  inches 
beyond  the  building  line  below  the  said  twelve  (12) 
feet,  hereinbefore  referred  to. 

Section  380.  Projection  of  Oriels,  Balconies,  Bays, 
etc. 

Above  twelve  (12)  feet,  oriels,  balconies,  turrets, 
towers  or  other  projections  of  a  building  or  structure 
other  than  pilasters,  cornices  and  moldings,  shall  not 
project  beyond  lines  drawn  from  the  intersection  of 
the  party  lines  and  building  line  at  an  angle  of  twenty- 
two  and  one  half  (22^4)  degrees  with  the  latter,  and 
shall  not  begin  less  than  three  (3)  feet  from  a  party 
line,  and  in  no  case  shall  project  a  distance  greater 
than  one-fourth  (%)  the  width  of  the  sidewalk;  and, 
except  in  case  of  balconies,  shall  not  exceed  twenty 
(20)  feet  in  width.  Where  there  are -two  (2)  or  more 
such  projections,  an  intermediate  space  of  not  less  than 
five  feet  shall  be  left. 

Section  381.  Projection  of  Signs. 

No  person,  firm  or  corporation  shall  erect  or  main¬ 
tain  any  sign,  board  or  device  in  the  nature  of  an 
advertisement  which  shall  extend  into  the  line  of  arty 
street,  thoroughfare,  alley  or  public  place,  within  the 
height  of  twelve  (12)  feet  above  the  sidewalk,  except 
that  display  cases  may  extend, not  more  than  eighteen 
(18)  inches  into  such  line,  and  all  such  signs,  boards, 
display  cases  or  advertising  devices  now  in  existence 
shall  be  set  back  to  such  lines.  Above  the  height  of 
twelve  (12)  feet  above  the  sidewalk,  such  signs  shall 
not  project  more  than  the  width  of  the  sidewalk,  pro- 


42 


Building  Code 


vided  that  nothing  herein  shall  prevent  the  temporary 
suspending  of  signs  across  the  street  when  the  same  are 
made  of  light  fabric  and  approved  by  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings  and  a  permit  obtained  from  the  Director 
of  Public  Service. 

*  Section  382.  Awnings  or  Canopies  Extending 
Across  Sidewalk. 

Temporary  suspended  awnings  for  summer  use  not 
more  than  two-thirds  (2-3)  the  width  of  the  sidewalk, 
and  temporary  pipe  standard  awnings  for  summer  use 
only  in  front  of  fireproof  office  buildings  equipped  with 
standpipes  may  be  erected  under  the  direction  of  the 
Commissioner  of  Buildings  by  special  permit  from  the 
Director  of  Public  Service.  All  awnings  of  any  kind 
must  have  a  clearance  from  the  sidewalk  of  eight  (8) 
feet  in  height  at  all  points. 

Section  2.  That  Section  382  of  the  Code  of  Ordi¬ 
nances  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati  be  supplemented  by 
ordaining  Section  382-1,  which  supplementary  section 
is  hereby,  ordained  and  given  code  number  to  read  as 
follows  : 

Section  382-1.  Permanently  suspended  awnings  or 
canopies  extending  across  the  sidewalk  may  be  erected 
under  the  following  conditions,  viz.: 

First — Location  must  be  approved  by  the  Director 
of  Public  Service. 

Second — They  must  be  constructed  entirely  of  metal 
and  glazed  with  wire  glass. 

Third — All  permanent  awnings  of  any  kind,  must 
have  a  clearance  from  the  sidewalk  of  twelve  (12)  feet 
in  height  at  all  points. 

Fourth — Plan  showing  construction  must  be  filed  with 
the  Commissioner  of  Buildings. 

Upon  approval  of  these  plans  by  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings  and  payment  of  fee,  as  fixed  by  ordinance, 
he  .shall  issue  permit  therefor. 

Section  383.  Limitation  of  Rights. 

No  right  to  occupy  any  part  of  any  streets,  alleys  or 
public  places  of  the  city  as  provided  for  in  this  chap¬ 
ter,  shall  become  permanent,  but  all  such  rights  may  be 
withdrawn  at  any  time  when  all  such  projections  shall 
be,, removed  by  the  property  owners. 

*As  amended  bv  Ordinance  No.  298-16.  Passed 
June  27,  1916. 


Building  Code 


43 


SUB -TITLE  IV. 

STRUCTURAL  PROVISIONS. 

Chapter  1. — Quality  of  Materials. 

Section  384.  Stone. 

Stone  for  foundation  walls  for  rubble  masonry  shall 
be  of  good  size,  free  from  clay  and  loose  formation, 
and  where  used  for  footing  courses  shall  be  not  less 
than  six  (6)  inches  thick.  Stone  for  bearing  blocks 
and  plinths  under  posts  and  columns  and  under  girderv 
bearings  shall  be  well  seasoned,  hard  stone,  of  a  size 
proportionate  for  the  superimposed  load. 

Section  385.  Brick. 

Brick  shall  be  good,  sound  and  well  burnt,  solid  or 
hollow.  Old  brick  shall  be  thoroughly  cleaned  and 
contain  not  more  than  five  (5)  per  cent  bats. 

Section  386.  Hollow  Building  Blocks. 

(a)  Hollow  Tile — Hollow  tile  for  fireproof  purposes 
shall  be  well  made  of  burnt  clay  or  Portland  cement 
and  shall  be  straight  and  sound. 

(b)  Vitrified  Burnt  Clay  Building  Blocks — Vitrified 
burnt  clay  building  blocks  shall  be  sound  and  well 
made  and  shall  contain  upright  webs  not  less  than  six¬ 
teen  (16)  inches  on  centers  and  a  thickness  of  not  less 
than  one  (1)  inch. 

(c)  Concrete  Blocks — Concrete  blocks  made  of  Port¬ 
land  cement  and  sand  or  Portland  concrete  shall  have 
the  name,  initials  or  trademark  of  the  maker  cast  in 
each  block.  The  hollow  spaces  or  recesses  in  the  block 
shall  not  exceed  one-half  (y2)  its  area  and  the  height 
shall  not  exceed  four  and  one-half  (4^4)  times  the 
thickness  of  the  web. 

Section  387.  Sand. 

Sand  used  for  mortar  or  concrete  shall  be  clean, 
sharp  sand,  free  from  organic  matter  and  shall  contain 
not  more  than  ten  (10)  per  cent  by  volume  of  clay  or 
loam  for  masonry  mortar,  and  not  more  than  three 
(3)  per  cent  by  volume  of  clay  or  loam  when  used  for 
concrete. 


44 


Building  Code 


Section  388.  Lime. 

For  mortar  for  rubble  stone  work,  fresh  thoroughly 
burnt  black  lime  may  be  used.  For  all  other  masonry 
mortar  it  shall  be  white  lime  thoroughly  burnt  and  of 
good  quality.  All  lime  shall  be  thoroughly  slacked  by 
water  in  a  slacking  box  before  it  is  mixed  with  the 
sand. 

Section  389.  Cement. 

All  cement,  Portland  or  natural,  shall  meet  the  stand¬ 
ard  requirements  established  byr  the  American  Society 
of  Testing  Materials  for  such  cement. 

Section  390.  Mortar. 

( 1 )  Lime  Mortar — Lime  mortar  shall  be  made  of  one 
( 1 )  part  slacked  lime  to  not  more  than  two  and  one- 
half  (2 1/2)  parts  sand. 

( 2)  Cement  Mortar — Cement  mortar  shall  be  made 
of  one  (1)  part  natural  cement  to  not  more  than  three 

(3)  parts  sand,  or  it  shall  be  of  equal  proportions  of 
lime  paste  *and  Portland  cement  to  three  (3)  parts  sand. 

(3)  Portland  Mortar — Portland  mortar  shall  be  made 
of  one  (1)  part  Portland  cement  to  not  more  than 
five  (5)  parts  of  sand. 

All  mortar  shall  be  used  before  initial  set  occurs. 

Section  391.  Concrete. 

The  aggregate  for  concrete  shall  be  as  follows  :  For 
reinforced  concrete,  stone  or  washed  gravel  only.  For 
fireproofing  and  short  span  arches,  stone,  furnace 
clinkers,  slag  or  hard  burnt  broken  bricks.  For  founda¬ 
tion  walls,  stone  or  gravel. 

Aggregates  must  be  sound,  clean  and  free  from  all 
foreign  matter,  clay,  loam  or  combustible  material. 
Proportions  are  to  be  one  (l)  part  of  Portland  cement 
to  not  more  than  two  and  one-half  (2 l/?)  parts  of 
sand  to  not  more  than  five  (5)  parts  aggregates.  Pro¬ 
portions  are  to  be  by  volume  loose  measure,  ninety-ftve 
(95)  pounds  of  cement  to  be  considered  as  one  (1) 
cubic  foot.  All  concrete  must  be  thoroughly  mixed 
either  by  hand  or  machine  so  that  all  the  aggregates 
are  thoroughly  coated  with  cement.  Concrete  shall  not 
be  retempered. 

Concrete  shall  be  thoroughly  mixed  and  have  suffi¬ 
cient  water  to  produce  a  plastic,  but  not  a  fluid  mix. 
Only  batch-mixing  machines  will  be  allowed.  Concrete 
that  has  started  to  set  or  that  has  been  out  of  the 


'  Building  Code 


45 


mixer  'over  thirty  (30)  minutes  must  not  be  used. 
Frosted  material  must  in  no  case  be  used,  but  must  be 
heated  to  expel  the  frost. 

Section  392.  Timbers. 

All  timbers  and  wood  beams  used  in  any  buildings 
shall  be  good,  sound  material  free  from  rot,  large  or 
loose  knots,  shakes  or  imperfections,  whereby'  the 
strength  may  be  impaired  and  of  such  size  and  dimen¬ 
sions  as  the  purpose  for  which  the  building  is  intended 
requires. 

Section  393.  Wrought  or  Cast  Iron  and  Steel. 

All  structural,  wrought  or  cast  iron,  or  steel,  in 
quality  requirements  of  tests,  workmanship  and  in  as¬ 
semblage  and  interconnections  of  shapes  shall  be  in 
accordance  with  the  standard  specifications  of  the 
Association  of  American  Steel  Manufacturers,  as  given 
in  the  hand  books  of  the  respective  standard  manu¬ 
facturers.  • 


Chapter  2. — Calculation  of  Stresses. 

Section  394.  Calculation  of  Construction. 

% 

All  stresses  used  in  building  construction  shall  be 
calculated  stresses  due  to  the  total  dead  loads  and  the 
applied  live  loads.  All  computations  made  in  design¬ 
ing  the  structural  parts  of  a  building  shall  be  sub¬ 
mitted  to  the  Commissioner  if  required  by  him ;  but 
strain  diagrams  shall  be  submitted  for  all  trusses  ;  such 
computations  and  diagrams  to  be  in  duplicate  and  to  be 
considered  as  supplementing  the  drawings  and  specifi¬ 
cations  required  by  this  code. 

Section  395.  Wind  Loads. 

All  structures  exposed  to  wind  shall  be  designed  to 
resist  a  horizontal  wind  pressure  of  twenty  (20)  pounds 
for  every  square  foot  of  surface  thus  exposed  above 
surrounding  buildings.  In  no  case  shall  the  overturn¬ 
ing  moment  due  to  wind  pressure  exceed  seventy-five 
(75)  per  cent  of  the  moment  of  stability  of  the  struc¬ 
ture.  In  all  structures  exposed  to  wind,  if  the  resisting 
moments  of  the  ordinary  materials  of  construction,  such 
as  masonry  partitions,  floors  and  connections,  are  not 


46 


Building  Code 


sufficient  to  resist  the  moment  of  distortion,  due  to 
wind  pressure  taken  in  any  direction  or  any  part  of  the 
structure,  additional  bracing  shall  be  introduced  suffi¬ 
cient  to  make  up  the  difference  in  the  moments.  In 
calculation  for  wind  bracing,  the  working  stresses  may 
be  increased  by  twenty-five  (25)  per  cent.  In  building 
masonry  structures  under  one  hundred  (100)  hundred 
feet  in  height,  provided  the  height  does  not  exceed 
three  (3)  times  the  average  width  of  base,  the  wind 
pressure  may  be  disregarded. 

Section  396.  Dead  Loads. 

• 

The  dead  loads  in  all  buildings  shall  consist  of  the 
actual  weight  of  walls,  floors,  roofs,  partitions  and  all 
permanent  construction. 

Section  397.  Live  Loads. 

1  he  live  or  variable  loads  sliall  consist  of  all  loads 
other  than  dead  loads.  i  he  minimurp  live,  loads' uni¬ 
formly  distributed  in  pounds  per  square  foot  to  be 
allowed  on  floors  in  buildings  are  as  follows  :  Public 
buildings  proper,  one  hundred  (100)  pounds;  detention 
buildings  and  school  buildings,  sixty  (60)  pounds;  as¬ 
sembly  halls  and  theatres,  one  hundred  (100)  pounds; 
and  when  used  for  dancing,  one  hundred  and  fifty  (150) 
pounds ;  hotels,  lodging  houses,  tenement  houses,  hos¬ 
pitals,  and  dwelling  houses,  forty  (40)  pounds,  and 
office  buildings,  fifty  (50)  pounds  above  the  first  floor. 
The  first  floors  of  hotels,  lodging  houses  and  office 
buildings  and  all  stores  and  places  used  for  light  manu¬ 
facturing  and  light  storage,  one  hundred  (100)  pounds; 
warehouses,  factories  and  for  other  manufacturing  and 
commercial  purposes  according  to  the  character  of  the 
loading,  never  less  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  (150) 
pounds;  stables,  seventy-five  (75)  pounds.  All  stairs 
and  corridors  except  in  private  dwelling  houses  where 
the  floor  loads  are  given  less  than  eighty  (80)  pounds, 
they  shall  be  at  least  eighty  (80)  pounds;  sidewalks, 
three  hundred  (300)  pounds. 

The  strength  of  factory  floors  intended  to  carry  run¬ 
ning  machinery  shall  be  increased  above  the  minimum 
given  in  this  section  in  proportion  to  the  degree  of 
motion  liable  to  be 'transmitted  to  the  floor.  The  roofs 
of  all  buildings  shall  be  proportioned  to  bear  safely 
twenty-five  (25)  pounds  upon  every  square  foot, 


Building  Code 


47 


measured  horizontally.  For  structures  carrying  travel¬ 
ing  machinery  or  vibrating  loads,  such  as  motors, 
cranes,  etc.,  add  twenty-five  (25)  per  cent  of  actual 
loads  for  impact,  for  affected  members. 

Section  398.  Proportionment  of  Loads. 

In  all  cases  provisions  shall  be  made  for  carrying 
the  full  superimposed  dead  load.  Beams  shall  be  pro¬ 
portioned  to  carry  the  full  live  load  and  dead  load. 
Beams,  girders  and  columns  shall  be  proportioned  to 
carry  the  full  live  load  and  dead  load  of  the  roof  or 
other  loads  which  are  or  may  be  constant.  All  other 
girders  may  be  proportioned  to  carry  eighty-five  (85) 
per  cent  of  the  superimposed  live  load  and  all  of  the 
dead  load.  Columns  not  carrying  roof  loads  or  con¬ 
stant  loads  only  may  have  their  actual  superimposed 
live  loads  further  reduced  five  (5)  per  cent  of  the  load 
allowed  on  the  top  floor  for  each  succeeding  lower 
floor  below  the  top,  until  fifty  (50)  per  cent  of  the 
live  load  fixed  by  the  foregoing  section  for  warehouses 
and  factories,  and  twenty  (20)  per  cent  for  other 
buildings  shall  have  been  reached,  when  such  reduced 
loads  shall  be  used  for  all  remaining  floors.  Proper 
provisions  shall  be  made  for  eccentric  loading.  Every 
temporary  support  placed  under  any  structure  wall, 
girder  or  beams  during  the  erection,  finishing,  alter¬ 
ations  or  repairing  of  any  structure,  or  any  part  thereof, 
shall  be  built  of  sufficient  strength  to  carry  safely  the 
load  to  be  placed  thereon,  and  shall  be  satisfactory  to 
the  Commissioner.* 

Section  399.  Factors  of  Safety. 

In  computing  stresses  in  the  framing  of  any  build¬ 
ing,  unless  the  safe  loads  or  unit  stresses  are  prescribed 
in  this  code,  the  following  factors  of  safety  shall  be 
used : 

For  metal  subjected  to  tension  or  transverse  strains,  4 

For  timbers  . .  6 

For  natural  and  -artificial  stone,  brick  and  stone 

masonry  . 10 

In  no  case  shall  the  factor  of  safety  for  any  other 
material  be  less  than  four  (4)  for  dead  and  live  loads. 


48 


Building  Code 


All  structural  materials  and  soil  where  the  character 
and  quality  are  not  known  shall  be  subjected  to  such 
tests  as  will  determine  their  character  and  quality  and 
as  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall  direct.  Such 
.tests  shall  be  made  under  the  supervision  of  such  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings,  or  the  architect  or  owner  may 
file  with  him  a.  certified  copy  of  the  result  of  tests  such 
as  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  may  have  prescribed 
which  have  been  made. 

# 

Section  400.  Safe  Loads  on  Soils. 

Clay  in  thick  beds  always  dry,  or  strati¬ 
fied  stone  and  clay,  or  Coarse  compact 


sand  . * . 4  tons  per  sq.  ft. 

Clay  in  thick  beds  moderately  dry  or 

clear  dry  fine  sand . * . 2  tons  per  sq.  ft. 

Compact  sand  and  gravel . 5  tons  per  sq.  ft. 

Compact  sand  and  gravel  well  ce¬ 
mented  . 8  tons  per  sq.  ft. 

For  all  soil  inferior  to  the  above  never 
more  than  . 1  ton  per  sq.ft. 


Section  401.  Safe  Loads  on  Masonry. 

The  safe  bearing  load  to  apply  to  first-class  brick¬ 
work  of  hard  burnt,  solid  brick,  when  laid  in  lime  mor¬ 
tar,  shall  be  taken  at  not  more  than  eight  (8)  tons  per 
square  foot.  When  laid  in  cement  mortar,  twelve  (12) 
tons  per  square  foot ;  when  laid  in  Portland  mortar, 
eighteen  (18)  tons  per  square  foot.  The  safe  bearing 
load  applied  to  rubble  stone  work,  when  laid  in  lime 
mortar,  six  (6)  tons  per  square  foot;  when  laid  in 
cement  mortar,  nine  (9)  tons  per  square  foot,  and  when 
laid  in  Portland  mortar,  twelve  (12)  tons  per  square 
foot.  Concrete  or  Portland  cement,  fifteen  tons  per 
square  foot. 

Section  402.  Stresses. 

The  safe  carrying  capacity  of  various  materials  of 
construction,  except  for  columns,  shall  be  determined 
by  the  following  working  stresses  in  pounds  per  square 
inch. 


Building  Code 


49 


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(a)  For  deformed  bars,  higher  unit  stress  may  be 
used  up  to  20,000  provided  such  bars  have  been  ap¬ 
proved  by  the  Commissioner. 


(b)  Shear  for  field  rivets . 9,000 

Shear  for  bolts  . 7,500' 

Bearing  for  bolts . 15,000 


All  steel  must  be  rolled  from  billets. 

Riveted  steel  beam  (net  flange  section  15,000). 

Short  span  beams  and  girders  should  be  designed  to 
carry  concentrated  live  loads  at  any  point  where  they 
may  be  liable  to  be  subjected  to  them,  where  such  loads 
require  a  larger 1  section  than  tabular  uniform  loads. 


50 


Building  Code 


In  providing  for  additional  stresses  due  to  unequal 
loading,  the  unit  stresses  hereinbefore  given  may  be 
increased  twenty-five  (25)  per  cent. 


Section  403.  Working  Strength  of  Concrete. 


c 

S 

Aggr. 

Direct 

Comp. 

Reading 
extreme 
fiber  in 
comp. 

1. . . 

.  2  1'2  .  .  . 

.  5.  . 

.  500 _ 

.  600 

1. . . 

.  2  .  .  . 

.  4.  . 

.  600 _ 

.  700 

1. . . 

. 

. 3.  .  . 

.  700 _ 

.  800 

For 

unre-enforced  concrete, 

200. 

Concrete  building  blocks,  100;  actual  surface  of  mate¬ 
rial. 

Concrete  may  be  used  in  shear  at  65  pounds  per  square 
inch,  provided  that  the  stirrups  or  prongs  are  figured 
only  in  shear;  members  may  be  figured  as  trusses, 
in  which  case  the  concrete  shall  not  be  figured  in  longi¬ 
tudinal  shear. 

Section  404.  Unit  Stresses  for  Columns. 

Steel :  ' 

L  L 

When  —  is  greater  than  70. . .  .S=17,100 — 57  — 

R  R 

L 

When  —  is  less  than  70. . . .  S=13,000 

R  ' 


Yellow  Pine: 

L  L 

When  —  is  greater  than  12.... S=  1,000 — 10  — 

D  '  D 

L 

When  —  is  less  than  12 _ S=  1,000 

D 

When  Pine  or  Spruce : 

L  L 

When  —  is  greater  than  12....  S=  625 —  6  — 

D  D 

L 

When  —  is  less  than  12 . S= 

D 


700 


Building  Code 


51 


Oak : 

L  L 

When  —  is  greater  than  12....  S—  750 —  7.5  — 

D  D 

L 

When  —  is  less  than  12....  S=  800 
D 

Hollow  cast  iron  : 

10,000 

For  rectangular  section'  S=  . . 

L2 

\  1  - 

1067  D2 

10,000 

For  round  section  S=  ■■■■■■■ . . 

L2 

1  - 

800 

10,000 

For  other  sections  S=  . . .  — .  -  ■ 

L2 

1  -| - 

6400  R2 


No  lengths  exceeding  180  times  the  least  radius  of 
gyration  shall  be  used  for  compression  members.  The 
Commissioner  of  Buildings  may  require  tests  to  be 
made  at  the  expense  of  the  party  to  whom  the  permit 
was  issued  or  the  contractor  executing  the  work.  Tests 
of  any  building  material  or  structural  portion  of  any 
building  or  structure  to  ascertain  whether  they  are  in 
accordance  with  the  foregoing  sections  may  be  re¬ 
quired,  provided  such  material  or  parts  to  be  tested 
have  attained  their  ultimate  strength. 

L — Length  in  inches. 

R — Least  radius  of  gyration  in  inches. 

D — Least  diameter  or  side. 

S — Safe  unit  stress. 


Chapter  3. — Structural  Iron  and  Steel  Work. 

Section  405.  Skeleton  Steel  Construction. 

In  all  buildings  of  skeleton  construction,  wherein  all 
external  and  internal  stresses  are  transmitted  from  the 
top  of  the  buildings  to  the  foundation  by  a  skeleton 


52 


Building  Code 


or  framework  of  structural  metal,  the  beams  and  gir¬ 
ders  of  such  metal  framework  shall  be  riveted  where 
the>*  connect  to  steel  columns,  but  other  work  may  be 
bolted  to  each  other  at  their  respective  junction  points. 
All  columns  shall  be  made  of  structural  metal  and 
their  different  parts  shall  be  riveted  together  and  the 
beams  and  girders  resting  upon  them  shall  have  riveted 
connections  to  unite  them  with  the  columns.  No  cast 
iron  lintel  shall  be  used  in  the  construction  of  the 
framework  of  such  buildings. 

Section  406.  Foundations  of  Structural  Iron  and 
Steel  Columns. 

Foundations  of  structural  iron  and  steel  columns  shall 
be  of  Portland  concrete  and  all  such  structural  columns 
shall  rest  on  either  cast  iron  or  steel  bases,  proportioned 
so  as  to  distribute  the  entire  load  on  the  column  safely 
to  the  concrete  foundations.  All  columns  shall  be 
properly  secured  to  the  ba.ses. 

Section  407.  Framing. 

Every  portion  of  a  steel  skeleton  shall  be  strong 
enough  to  carry  the  superimposed  load  without  relying 
upon  the  walls  inclosing  the  frame,  and  all  structural 
members  shall  be  connected  continuously  with  riveted 
connections  from  the  foundation  to  the  top  of  the 
building.  Girders  shall  be  nrovided  fo£  the  support  of 
inclosure  walls  at  every  floor  unless  the  walls  rest 
directly  on  the  foundations,  and  unless  there  is  a  sep¬ 
arate  beam  at  the  floor  level  for  the  floor  support,  such 
girder  shall  be  at  the  level  of  the  floors.  Irregular  or 
eccentric  loading  shall  be  avoided  as  much  as  possible, 
and  where  eccentric  loading  is  necessary  the  same  shall 
be  taken  up  by  special  construction  so  as  to  transmit 
the  load  to  the  center  of  the  column,  with  properly 
designed  connections.  All  metal  columns,  girders  and 
beams  and  all  portions  of  the  structural  steel  of  the 
skeleton  shall  be  so  designed,  where  possible,  that  all 
connections  shall  be  accessible  after  erection,  for  the 
purpose  of  inspection,  cleaning  and  painting. 

Section  408.  Wind  Pressure. 

Precautions  against  the  effect  of  wind  pressure  shall 
be  made  by  rigid  connections  between  vertical  and 
horizontal  members  by  means  of  gussets,  knees  or  por¬ 
tals,  or  by  cross-bracing. 


Building  Code 


53 


Section  409.  Steel  and  Iron  Work  Other  than  Skel¬ 
eton  Construction. 

Cast  Iron  Columns — All  cast  iron  columns  shall  be 
of  good  workmanship  and  material.  The  thickness  of 
metal  in  any  cast  iron  column  shall  never  be  less  than 
five-eighths  (§4)  of  an  inch,  and  they  shall  never  con¬ 
tain  blow-holes  or  imperfections  which  shall  reduce 
the  area  of  cross  section  at  any  point  more  than  ten 
(10)  per  cent.  All  cast  iron  columns  shall  be  faced 
at  the  ends  to  a  true  surface  perpendicular  to  the  axis 
of  the  column.  Column  joints  shall  be  secured  by  not 
less  than  four  (4)  bolts,  which  shall  not  be  less  than 
three-quarters  ($4)  of  an  inch  in  diameter.  The  thick¬ 
ness  of  metal  in  a  column  above  a  joint  shall  not  be 
greater  nor  the  bore  less  than  the  thickness  of  the 
metal  or  bore  in  the  column  below  the  joint,  unless  a 
joint  plate  of  sufficient  strength  to  distribute  the  load 
is  inserted.  Cast  iron  plates  or  bases  under  columns 
shall  be  of  such  metal  and  height  so  as  to  properly  dis¬ 
tribute  the  load  to  the  foundations.  All  cast  iron 
columns  not  open  columns  shall  be  drilled  with  at 
least  three  (3)  holes  around  the  column  for  proper  in¬ 
spection  and  such  other  drilling  as  may  be  required  by 
the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  to  determine  the  thick¬ 
ness  of  metal.  Cast  iron  columns  with  open  sides  or 
backs  shall  be  cast  in  one  piece  unless  such  columns 
are  used  for  castings,  coverings  or  ornamental  pur¬ 
poses  only,  except  that  holes  may  be  left  for  pipes  to 
pass  through  these  plates.  Iron  columns  shall  not  be 
set  on  wood  in  any  building,  and  in  fireproof  and  semi- 
fireproof  buildings  they  shall  not  be  set  on  stone 
plinths,  where  liable  to  be  subjected  to  fire. 

Section  410.  Box  and  Plate  Girders. 

All  box  and  plate  girders  shall  be  properly  propor¬ 
tioned  and  assembled  and  riveted  together  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  the  provisions  heretofore  given.  The  com¬ 
pression  flange  of  beams  or  plate  girders  shall  be  se¬ 
cured  against  buckling.  Proper  stiffeners  shall  be  pro¬ 
vided  on  both  sides  of  the  web  over  supports  and  under 
compression  loads-  where  necessary.  They  shall  be  of 
sufficient  strength  to  carry  the  loads,  and  shall  be  con¬ 
nected  with  a  sufficient  number  of  rivets  to  transmit  the 
stresses  into  the  web  plate.  Stiffeners  shall  fit  so  as  to 
support  the  flanges  of  the  girders.  Whenever  rolled 
steel  or  wrought  iron  beams  are  used  in  pairs  to  form 
a  girder  they  shall  be  connected  together  by  bolts  and 


54 


Building  Code 


iron  separators  at  the  ends  over  supports  and  under 
concentrated  loads,  or  at  intervals  of  not  more  than 
five  (5)  feet  for  uniformly  distributed  loads.  All  beams 
twelve  (12),  inches  and  over  in  depth  shall  have  at 
least  two  (2)  bolts  to  each  separator.  Precautions 
against  buckling  in  compression  flanges  of  beams  shall 
be  taken  the  same  as  for  box  and  plate  girders. 

Section  411.  Steel  and  Iron  Trusses. 

Trusses  shall  be  of  such  design  that  the  stresses  in 
each  member  can  be  calculated.  All  trusses  shall  be 
held  rigidly  in  position  by  efficient  systems  of  lateral 
and  sway  bracing.  Any  member  of  a  truss  subjected 
to  transverse  stress,  in  addition  to  direct  tension  or 
compression  shall  have  the  stresses  causing  such  strain 
added  to  the  direct  stresses  coming  on  the  member, 
and  the  total  stresses  thus  formed  shall  in  no  case  ex¬ 
ceed  the  working  stresses  stated  in  Section  402  of  this 
title.  For  tension  members,  the  actual  net  area  only, 
after  deducting  rivet  holes,  one-eighth  (34)  of  an  inch 
larger  than  the  rivets,  shall  be  *  considered  as  resisting 
the  stress.  If  the  axes  of  two  adjoining  web  members 
do  not  intersect  within  the  line  of  the  chords,  sufficient 
area  shall  be  added  to  the  chord  to  take  up  the  bending 
strains,  or  the  web  members  shall  be  connected  by 
plates  so  arranged  that  the  axes  of  the  web  members 
prolonged  will  intersect  on  the  axis  of  the  chord. 

No  bolts  shall  be  used  in  the  connections  of  riveted 
trusses,  excepting  when  riveting  is  impracticable,  and 
then  the  holes  shall  be  reamed  in  place  and  turned 
bolts  used.  All  field  bolts  carrying  shear  shall  be  pro¬ 
vided  with  washers  at  least  one-quarter  (34)  of  an 
inch  thick. 

All  compression  members  in  pin-connected  trusses 
shall  be  proportioned,  using  seventy-five  (75)  per  cent 
of  the  permissible  working  stress  for  columns.  The 
heads  of  all  eye-bars  shall  be  made  by  upsetting  or 
forging.  No  weld  will  be  allowed  in  the  body  of  the 
bar.  Steel  eye-bars  shall  be  annealed.  Bars  shall  be 
straight  before  boring.  All  pinholes  shall  be  bored 
true,  and  at  right  angles  to  the  axis  of  the  members, 
and  must  fit  the  pin  within  one  thirty-second  (1-32) 
of  an  inch.  The  distances  of  pinholes  from  center  to 
center  for  corresponding  members  shall  be  alike,  so  that 
when  piled  upon  one  another,  pins  will  pass  through 
both  ends  without  forcing.  Eyes  and  screw  ends  shall 
be  so  proportioned  that  upon  test  to  destruction,  frac^ 


Building  Code 


55 


ture  will  take  place  in  the  body  of  the  member.  All 
pins  shall  be  accurately  turned.  Pin-plates  shall  be 
provided  wherever  necessary  to  reduce  the  stresses  on 
pins  to  the  working  stresses  prescribed  in  Section  402 
herein.  These  pin-plates  shall  be  connected  to  the 
members  by  rivets  of  sufficient  size  and  number  to 
transmit  the  stresses  without  exceeding  working 
stresses.  Pin-connected  riveted  tension  members  shall 
have  a  net  sectional  area  through  pin  bolts  of  twenty- 
five  (25)  per  cent  in  excess  of  the  net  section  of  the 
body  of  the  member.  All  rivets  in  members  of  pin- 
connected  trusses  shall  be  machine  driven.  All  rivets 
in  pin-plates  which  are  necessary  to  transmit  stress 
shall  be  also  machine  driven.  The  main  connections 
of  members  shall  be  made  by  pins.  Other  connections 
may  be  made  by  bolts. 

Section  412.  Riveting. 

The  distance  from  the  center  of  a  rivet  hole  to  the 
edge  of  the  material  shall  not  be  less  than  one  and 
one-half  (lA)  times  the  diameter  of  the  rivet.  Wher¬ 
ever  possible,  however,  the  distance  shall  be  equal  to 
two  diameters.  All  rivets,  wherever  practicable,  shall 
be  machine  driven.  Rivets  in  connections  shall  be 
proportioned  and  placed  to  suit  the  stresses.  The  pitch 
'  of  rivets  in  structural  work  shall  never  be  less  than 
three  (3)  diameters  of  the  rivet  nor  more  than  six 
(6)  inches.  Gussets  shall  be  provided  wherever  re¬ 
quired,  of  sufficient  thickness  and  size  to  accommodate 
the  number  of  rivets  necessary  to  make  the  connec¬ 
tions. 

Section  413.  Masonry  Filling. 

*  ^  i 

All  cast  iron  or  metal  plates  of  fronts  shall  be 
backed  up  or  filled  in  with  masonry  or  concrete  of  the 
thickness  provided  for  in  this  code. 

Section  414=  Protection  from  Corrosion. 

All  structural  iron  and  steel  shall  be  cleaned  of  all 
scale,  dirt  and  rust,  and  shall  be  coated  with  at  least 
one  (1)  coat  of  non-oxidizing  or  red  lead  paint.  Struc¬ 
tural  members  shall  be  painted  one  (1)  additional  coat 
after  assembling;  provided  that  where  they  are  to  be 
incased  with  concrete  in  such  a  manner  so  as  to  ex¬ 
clude  the  action  of  the  air  and  water,  such  members 
may  be  left  unpainted.  All  iron  and  steel  used  below 


56 


Building  Code 


water  level  shall  be  inclosed  with  Portland  concrete  so 
as  to  exclude  the  air  and  water. 

All  metal  for  fire-escapes,  balconies,  fireproof  shut¬ 
ters  and  doors,  bridges,  ladders,  chains,  scuttles,  brack¬ 
ets,  tanks  and  pipings  exposed  to  the  outer  ffir,  shall  be 
painted  to  prevent  corrosion,  as  often  as  will  be  re¬ 
quired  by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings. 


Chapter  4. — Concrete  Construction. 

Section  415.  Forms. 

All  form  w'ork  shall  be  accurately  built  to  conform 
with  the  plans  as  approved,  and  shall  be  put  up  in  such 
a  manner  that  it  can  be  readily  removed  without  dis¬ 
turbing  the  concrete.  Forms  must  be  made  sufficiently 
strong  to  carry  the  concrete  without  undue  deflection, 
and  must  be  left  in  place  in  accordance  with  tlie  follow¬ 
ing  schedule : 

Wall  forms,  2  days. 

Column  forms,  4  days. 

Sides  of  beams  and  girders,  4  days. 

Floor  slab  panels,  1  day  for  each  foot  of  span. 

Shores  under  beams  and  girders,  20  days. 

Days  in  which  the  temperature  gets  below  35  degrees 

Fahrenheit  shall  not  be  counted. 

Column  forms  shall  have  clean-out,  doors  provided 
at  the  bottom. 

Section  416.  Placing  Concrete. 

The  concrete  must  be  placed  as  soon  as  possible  after 
mixing  and  must  be  thoroughly  rammed.  All  re-enforc¬ 
ing  steel  must  be  in  position  and  firmly  held  in  place  by 
wiring  or  other  methods  before  any  concrete  is  placed. 
After  the  concrete  is  placed  it  shall  be  kept  damp  for 
not  less  than  seven  (7)  days.  In  cold  weather  pre¬ 
cautions  must  be  taken  to  prevent  the  concrete  from 
freezing  while  setting.  Xo  concreting  shall  be  done 
when  the  temperature  is  below  24  degrees  Fahrenheit. 

Except  where  unavoidable,  concrete  must  not  be 
placed  in  water.  If  it  is  absolutely  necessary  to  place 
it  in  water,  care  must  be  taken  to  place  the  concrete 
at  the  bottom  of  the  water  either  through  a  tube  or 
otherwise,  so  that  the  cement  will  not  be  washed  out 
by  dropping  through  the  water.  Before  placing  con¬ 
crete,  all  shavings,  sawdust  and  other  rubbish  of  this 
kind  must  be  removed. 


Building  Code 


57 


Section  417.  Assumptions  in  Design. 

The  desien  of  any  re-enforced  concrete  structural 
member  shall  be  based  upon  the  following  assump¬ 
tions,  viz : 

(a)  The  bond  between  the  concrete  and  the  steel  is 
sufficient  to  make  the  two  materials  act  together  as  a 
homogeneous  solid.  * 

(b)  The  strain  in  any  fiber  is  directly  proportionate 
to  the  distance  of  that  fiber  from  the  neutral  axis. 

(c)  The  modulus  of  elasticity  of  concrete  in  com¬ 
pression  remains  constant  within  the  limits  of  the 
allowable  working  stresses. 

(d)  The  tensile  strength  of  concrete  shall  not  be 
considered,  but  the  steel  shall  take  all  the  tensile 
stresses. 

(e)  The  ratio  of  modulus  of  elasticity  of  steel  to 
that  of  concrete  shall  be  taken  in  accordance  with  the 
following  table  : 


Working  Strength 
of  Concrete 

500 . 

600 . 

700 . 

800 . 


Ratio  of  Modulus  of 
Elasticity  of  Steel  to 
Modulus  of  Elasticity 
of  Concrete 

. 20 

.  .  . . 18 

. 15 

. 12 


Section  418.  Design. 

Spiral  hooped  columns  shall  be  hooped  with  spiral 
hoops  firmly  secured  against  displacement  during  con¬ 
struction,  having  a  minimum  total  area  in  cross  section 
of  one  (1)  per  cent  of  the  area  of  the  concrete.  The 
hoops  shall  be  placed  not  more  than  one  and  three- 
quarter  (1J4)  inches  apart  and  the  ends  hooked  six  (6) 
inches  into  the  column ;  splices  must  be  made  in  such 
a  manner  as  to  develop  the  full  strength  of  the  hoops. 
Wherever  the  hoops  are  forced  apart  or  spaced  fur¬ 
ther  than  the  figured  distance,  auxiliary  reinforcement 
shall  be  provided  so  as  to  maintain  the  full  strength  of 
the  column. 


Spiral  hooped  columns  should  be  figured  as  follows  : 
Total  stress=(A-|-R  [S-f-2.2  H])  C. 

A  =  area  inside  of  hoops. 

R  nr  ratio  of  moduli  of  steel  to  concrete. 

C  =  allowable  value  of  reinforced  concrete  in  direct 
compression. 

S  =  area  of  vertical  steel. 


58 


Building  Code 


H  ±=  area  of  a  bar  of  steel  one  foot  long  equal  in 
weight  to  the  hooping  steel  in  one  foot  length  of 
column. 

Columns  with  vertical  reinforcement  must  contain 
at  least  four  vertical  bars  placed  one  in  each  corner 
and  surrounded  by  hoops  having  at  least  one-sixteenth 
(1-16)  of  a  square  inch  cross  section  and  placed  not 
further  than  twelve  (12)  inches  apart.  The  hoops  must 
be  firmly  fastened  to  the  bars  by  wiring  or  other  means, 
and  the  ends  of  hoops  must  project  into  columns  at 
least  four  (4)  inches.  Where  columns  are  greater  than 
eighteen  (18)  inches  wide,  a  greater  number  of  bars 
shall  be  used  so  that  their  spacing  on  the  edge  of  the 
columns  shall  not  be  greater  (apart)  than  sixteen  (16) 
inches.  In  all  cases  reinforced  columns  must  contain 
at  least  one  (1)  per  cent  of  vertical  steel,  and  must  in 
all  cases  have  a  positive  means  of  confining  the  con¬ 
crete  and  steel  either  by  spiral  reinforcement  or  hoops 
incasing  the  vertical  bars.  Where  more  than  four  (4) 
bars  occur  in  a  column,  the  additional  bars  must  be 
hooped  independently  from  the  corner  hoop  with  hoops 
similar  to  the  corner  hoops  and  spaced  not  further 
apart  than  twelve  (12)  inches  on  centers. *  Where  the 
length  of  the  column,  counting  from  the  lower  side  of 
the  girder  at  the  upper  end  to  the  top  of  the  floor  slab 
at  the  lower  end,  is  greater  than  eighteen  (18)  times 
its  least  dimension,  a  greater  percentage  of  steel  must 
be  used  for  vertical  reinforcement  and  a  deduction  of 
the  allowable  stress  on  the  concrete  must  be  made  in 
accordance  with  the  following  table : 

Percentage  of  Allbw- 


Ratio  of 

Minimum 

able  Stress  to  be  Used 

Length  to  Least 

Percentage 

for  Value  of  Concrete 

Dimension 

of  Steel 

in  Compression 

18-20 

90 

20-22 

v/2 

79 

22-24 

m 

67 

24-26 

2 

54 

26-28 

2^ 

41 

28-30 

2M 

27 

30-32 

3 

12 

Tn  the  design  of  reinforced  columns,  the  concrete 
outside  of  the  hoops  shall  not  be  figured  in  compres¬ 
sion. 

In  the  design  of  T-beams,  the  floor  can  be  counted 
in  compression  as  follows: 


Building  Code 


59 


% 

s~ 

When  the  floor  reinforcement  is  perpendicular  to  the 
beam,  the  entire  floor  slab  can  be  used  in  compression. 

Where  the  floor  slab  reinforcement  is  not  perpen¬ 
dicular  to  the  beam,  six  (6)  times  the  thickness  of  the 
floor  slab  on  each  side  of  the  beam  may  be  used  in 
compression.  If  this  is  not  sufficient  to  develop  the  re¬ 
quired  compression,  steel  may  be  placed  in  the  floor 
slab  perpendicular  to  the  beam,,  and  in  that  case  a 
greater  proportion  of  the  floor  slab  can  be  used  in  com¬ 
pression  ;  in  this  case,  sufficient  steel  must  be  used  to 
carry  that  portion  of  the  floor  slab,  which  is  counted  in 
compression  and  which  is  more  than  six  (6)  times  the 
thickness  of  the  slab  from  the  edge  of  the  beam,  as  a 
cantilever  with  the  beam  as  a  support.  The  additional 
compression  may  also  be  obtained  by  using  steel  in  com¬ 
pression  placed  within  one  (1)  inch  of  the  top  of  the 
beam.  Where  compression  steel  is  thus  used,  it  must 
be  sufficiently  anchored  by  inverted  U-bars  or  by  prongs 
attached  to  the  compression  steel,  and  these  must  ex¬ 
tend  at  least  eight  (8)  inches  below  the  neutral  axis. 

The  lever  arm  of  the  resisting  moment  of  a  T-beam 
shall  not  be  greater  than  the  distance  from  the  center 
of  the  slab  to  the  center  of  gravity  of  the  steel,  but 
the  stress  in  the  concrete  shall  be  determined  by  the 
neutral  axis.  When  the  thickness  of  the  layers  of 
reinforcing  steel  is  not  greater  than  one-sixth  (1-6) 
of  the  total  depth  of  the  section,  the  full  value  in  ten¬ 
sion  can  be  counted  on  all  the  steel,  but  when  this 
thickness  is  greater  than  one-sixth  (1-6)  Qf  the  depth 
of  the  section,  the  stresses  must  be  apportioned  to  the 
distance  from  the  neutral  axis.  When  more  than  one 
layer  of  bars  is  used,  the  upper  bars  should,  if  possible, 
touch  the  lower  bars  in  the  center  of  the  beam,  so  that 
all  the  steel  will  be  as  far  as  possible  from  the  neutral 
axis,  and  as  great  a  value  as  possible  developed.  All 
bars  shall  be  separated  horizontally  at  least  one  diag¬ 
onal  diameter,  but  not  less  than  one  (1)  inch.  In  con¬ 
crete  walls,  reinforcement  shall  be  proportioned  to  the 
span  and  the  height.  Steel  stirrups  or  prongs  must  be 
placed  in  the  beams  not  further  apart  than  the  effective 
depth,  and  each  leg  shall  have  sectional  area  of  not 
less  than  one-sixteenth  (1-16)  of  a  square  inch,  and 
shall  be  imbedded  in  the  compression  portion  for  its 
full  grip.  Such  stirrups  or  prongs  not  sufficiently  at¬ 
tached  to  the  tension  members  to  be  equivalent  to  an 
integral  construction,  must  be  perpendicular  to  the  axis 
of  the  beam,  and  must  inclose  the  tension  members 


60 


Building  Code 


and  be  in  close  contact  with  those  furthest  removed 
from  the  neutral  axis. 

Section  419.  Moments. 

In  figuring  moments,  the  clear  span  shall  be  used. 
For  beams,  girders  and  slabs,  where  there  is  no  con¬ 
tinuous  action,  the  regular  moments  for  simple  beams 
shall  be  used.  Where  there  is  continuous  action,  there 
must  be  at  least  fifty  (50)  per  cent  as  much  rein¬ 
forcement  in  the  top  over  supports,  to  provide  for  the 
negative  moment,  as  in  the  bottom  at  the  center. 
Where 

WL 

there  is  continuous  action,  a  moment  of - may  be 

10 

used  for  floor  slabs  where  the  dead  load  is  less  than 

WL 

one-half  (l/2)  the  live  load,  and  a  moment  of  -  may 

12 

be  used  where  the  dead  load  is  at  least  one-half  (J/2) 
the  live  load.  In  continuous  beams  eighty  (80)  per 
cent,  of  the  moment  of  a  simple  beam  may  be  used 
with  half  ihe  bars  bent  up  at  the  support.  Where 
advantage  of  continuous  action  is  taken,  the  bars  over 
the  supports  must  come  within  a  few  inches  from  the 
top  of  the  beam  at  the  support  and  extend  far  enough 
into  the  support  to  obtain  full  grip  of  the  bar. 

In  rectangular  floor  plates  reinforced  in  two  direc¬ 
tions,  and  in  which  the  long  span  does  not  exceed 
1.732  times  the  short  span,  the  following  formulas  for 
bending  moments  shall  be  used  : 

rWS  (1-r)  WL. 

Ms  = - and  Ml  = - 

cf  cf 

Where  Ms  =  Moment  for  uniform  loads,  short  spans 

for  middle  half  of  span. 

Ml  =  Moment  for  uniform  loads,  long  spans  for 
middle  half  of  span. 

L  =  long  span. 

S  =  short  span. 

f  =  8  for  non-continuous  spans. 

10  for  spans  continuous  over  #one  support. 
12  for  spans  continuous  over  both  supports. 
L** 


r 


L-i+S-* 


Building  Code 


61 


c  =  1.25  when  r  =  .5 
1.20  when  r  =  .6 
1.15  when  r  —  .7 
1.10  when  r  =  .8  to  .9 

In  using  this  formula,  provision  must  be  made  for 
any  negative  bending  moment  that  may  occur  to  ad¬ 
jacent  panels,  due  to  unequal  loading. 

Slabs  spanning  over  two  (2)  feet  shall  have  a  mini¬ 
mum  thickness  of  three  (3)  inches. 

Slab  steel  shall  not  be  spaced  more  than  two  and 
one-half  (2%)  times  the  thickness  of  the  slab,  except 
in  the  end  quarters  of  the  spans  each  way  in  slabs 
reinforced  in  both  directions.  In  the  end  quarter  of 
the  spans  each  way,  the  spacing  of  the  bars  may  be 
two  (2)  times  that  for  the  middle  half  of  the  sp-an. 

In  floors  reinforced  in  two  directions,  the  reinforce¬ 
ment  over  the  supports  may  be  limited  to  the  middle 
half  of  the  support.  Deformed  bars  must  be  imbedded 
at  least  thirty  (30)  times  their  diameter  and  plain 
bars  forty  (40)  times  their  diameter  where  the  full 
strength  of  the  bar  is  to  be  developed.  Where  this 
distance  can  not  be  obtained,  the  bar  must  be  hooked 
with  a  six  (6)  inch  hook,  and  if  this  is  not  sufficient, 
a  stub  must  be  placed  in  the  hook.  In  no  case  shall 
steel  be  lapped  or  spliced  except  over  the  supports. 
All  tension  bars  for  reinforcing  positive  bending  mo¬ 
ments  between  supports  must  run  the  full  length  of 
the  beam  and  extend  into  the  support.  No  welds  will 
be  allowed.  Turnbuckles  or  sleeve  nuts  properly  de¬ 
signed  may  be  used. 

Where  floor  slabs  are.  supported  by  a  brick  or  stone 
wall,  they  must  have  at  least  four  (4)  inches  bearing, 
and  the  floor  steel  must  run  in  the  full  four  (4)  inches. 
Where  concrete  floors  are  to  be  used  without  being 
covered  with  some  other  wearing  surface,  a  cement 
finish  of  at  least  one  (1)  part  cement  or  two  (2)  parts 
sand  and  at  least  one-half  (l/2)  of  an  inch  thick  must 
be  firmly  bonded  to  the  structural  concrete,  and  in  no 
case  shall  this  finish  be  considered  a  part  of  the  struc¬ 
tural  thickness  of  the  floor  slab,  but  must  be  allowed 
entirely  for  wearing  surface. 

Section  420.  Protection  of  Metal. 

In  reinforced  beams  and  girders,  all  main  bars  must 
have  at  least  one  (1)  inch  of  concrete  protection,  and 
stirrups  or  prongs  one-half  (l/2)  inch.  In  slabs,  the 


Building  Code 


•main  tension  reinforcement  must  have  at  least  one- 
half  (l/2)  inch  concrete  protection.  In  columns  there 
must  be  at  least  one  (1)  inch  concrete  protection  out¬ 
side  the  reinforcement. 

Section  421.  Conditions  Under  which  Design  May 
Be  Varied. 

If  the  contractor  desires  to  use  a  system  not  covered 
by  or  varying  from  the  above  conditions  as  to  design, 
he  shall  present  to  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  plans 
and  specifications,  giving  in  detail  the  construction 
and  formulas  he  uses  in  his  design;  and  to  be  such 
that  they  can  be  checked  properly  and  kept  on  record 
by  the  Commissioner.  He  shall  then  make  a  destruc¬ 
tion  test,  or  present  evidence  satisfactory  to  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings  that  such  test  has  been  made, 
with  full  particulars  of  the  results  of  said  test.  If 
said  test  shows  that,  based  on  the  specifications  sub¬ 
mitted,  the  construction  has  a  factor  of  safety  of 
four  (4)  on  the  total  dead  and  live  load,  the  said 
system  may  be  used  in  accordance  with  said  specifi¬ 
cations.  *'  . 


Chapter  5. — Ordinary  Construction. 

Section  422.  Thickness  of  Walls. 

All  buildings  shall  be  inclosed  with  external  or 
party  walls.  External,  division-hearing  or  party  walls 
of  brick  masonry  shall  be  of  the  thickness  shown  in 
the  following  tables,  arranged  according  to  the  height 
and  length  of  the  walls  up  to  one  hundred  (100)  feet 
in  height.  For  additional  heights  of  walls  the  thick¬ 
ness  of  the  wall  must  be  increased  to  conform  with  the 
allowable  stress  per  square  foot  hereinbefore  given, 
but  not  less  than  given  for  one  hundred  (100)  feet 
below  the  top,  counting  down.  The  thickness  of  walls 
given  in  the  tables  are  the  minimum  thickness,  and 
wherever  the  load  on  the  wall  exceeds  the  stress  per 
square  foot  hereinbefore  given,  the  thickness  must  be 
increased  proportionately.  Vitrified  clay  blocks  may 
be  used  for  dwelling  houses  and  for  curtain  and  apron 
walls  in  any  building. 

Section  423.  Walls  Inclosing  Skeleton  Con¬ 
structed  Buildings. 

Walls  inclosing  structures  of  skeleton  construction 
are  not  to  be  regarded  by  the  thickness  classed  for  in 


I 


Building  Code 


6 


the  tables,  unless  they  are  carried  up  from  the  foun¬ 
dation  independently  of  the  skeleton  and  are  anchored 
to  the  beams.  They  shall  never  be  less  than  thirteen 
(13)  inches,  and  all  portions  of  the  structural  steel 
columns  must  have  an  outside  facing  of  at  least  nine 
(9)  inches  and  all  girders  at  least  four  (4)  inches. 
Walls  carried  by  the  skeleton  construction  shall  have 
'  independent  bearings  for  each  story. 

Section  424.  Walls  Inclosing  Buildings  of  Mono¬ 
lith  Construction. 

* 

Walls  inclosing  buildings  constructed  of  monolith 
construction,  where  the  walls  are  carried  on  the  col- 
umns  and  girders  by  supports  for  each  story  and 
where  the  wall  itself  is  not  of  monolith  construction, 
they  shall  be  at  least  thirteen  (13)  inches  in  thick¬ 
ness,  and  shall  cover  the  outer  face  of  the  monolith 
at  least  four  (4)  inches,  or  in  lieu  thereof  there  shall 
be  not  less  than  one  (1)  inch  additional  concrete  on 
the  exterior  exposed  surfaces  of  such  monolith  con¬ 
struction.  In  monolith  construction  where  the  floor 
slabs  are  carried  on  the  walls  of  the  building  other 
than  walls  of  monolith  construction,  the  schedule  given 
for  the  warehouse  class  shall  apply  to  the  dwelling 
house  class,  and  for  the  warehouse  class  the  thickness 
given  in  the  table  shall  be  increased  so  as  to  take  up 
the  additional  strain  put  on  the  walls  by  the  con¬ 
crete  construction.  The  tables  as  given  shall  apply, 
however,  to  houses  of  monolith  construction  if  the 
outside  casing  of  the  wall  is  carried  from  the  founda¬ 
tion  independent  of  the  walls  and  columns  and  where 
the  floor  loads  do  not  come  on  the  walls,  provided  the 
outer  walls  are  properly  anchored  to  the  main  struc-% 
tu  re. 

Section  425.  Explanation  of  Tables. 

For  tenement  houses,  hotels,  lodging  houses,  club¬ 
houses,  asylums,  convents,  dormitories,  hospitals  and 
dwelling  houses,  the  thickness  of  external  party  and 
division-bearing  walls  will  be  found  in  Table  No.  1 — 
“Dwelling  House  Class.”  For  all  other  buildings  and 
structures  the  thickness  of  external  party  and  division¬ 
bearing  walls  will  be  found  in  Table  No.  2. 


64  Building  Code 


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Maximum  height  (feet)  for  each  story. 

Thickness  in  inches . . . 

(Maximum  lengths,  45  feet) 


Table  No.  2 — Warehouse  Class. 


Building  Code 


65 


x 


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x — Length  unlimited. 

Vitrified  Clay  Blocks. 

Curtain  or  apron  walls,  maximum  height  15  feet,  minimum  thickness  8  inches. 


66 


Building  Code 


/ 


Section  426.  Length  of  Walls. 

Walls  are  deemed  to  be  divided  into  distinct  lengths 
by  intersecting  walls,  and  the  length  of  a  wall  shall 
be  measured  from  the  center  of  one  intersecting  wall 
to  the  center  of  another,  provided  that  such  inter¬ 
secting  walls  in  the  dwelling  house  class  are  not  less 
than  two-thirds  (Y)  the  height  of  the  wall  they,  are 
considered  to  divide,  and  of  proper  proportionate 
length. 

In  the  warehouse  class,  such  intersecting  walls  shall 
extend  to  the  under  side  of  the  roof,  unless  the  in¬ 
tersecting  wall  is  not  considered  in  determining  the 
thickness  of  the  party  and  division  bearing  wall.  Walls 
not  having  intersecting  walls  at  the  ends  must  have  the 
ends  made  secure  by  increased  thickness  of  the  wall 
or  by  special  lateral  bracing. 

Section  427.  Thickness  and  Height  of  Division 
Walls. 

Division  bearing  walls  twenty  (20)  feet  or  less  in 
length  and  having  intersecting  walls  at  each  end,  and 
all  division  walls,  may  be  four  (4)  inches  less  in  thick¬ 
ness  than  the  thickness  given  in  the  tables  for  corre¬ 
sponding  heights  and  lengths,  but  shall  never  be  less 
than  nine  (9)  inches  in  thickness  for  dwelling  house 
class  and  thirteen  (13)  inches  for  warehouse  class  ex¬ 
cept  where  they  are  not  more  than  twelve  (12)  feet 
high  and  used  for  partitions  only.  No  nine  (9)  inch 
walls  shall  be  more  than  thirty-six  (36)  feet  in  height. 

Section  428.  Recesses  and  Openings  in  Walls. 

If  the  recesses  or  openings  in  a  wall  unduly  weaken 
the  same,  the  thickness  of  such  wall  at  girder  and 
lintel  bearing  piers  must  be  increased  to- conform  with 
the  unit  stresses  heretofore  given,  and  if  the  openings 
amount  to  more  than  one-half  {l/2)  the  area  of  the 
wall,  such  wall  shall  be  increased  four  (4)  inches  in 
thickness  above  that  otherwise  required.  No  recesses 
or  chases  for  water,  soil,  steam  or  other  pipes  shall 
be  made  in  any  external  party  or  division  bearing  wall 
to  more  than  one-half  ()/>)  of  its  thickness,  but  there 
shall  never  be  less  than  nine  (9)  inches  at  the  back  of 
such  recesses  or  chases  in  external  walls,  provided  that 
in  dwelling  houses  not  exceeding  two  (2)  stories  and 
attic,  such  recesses  may  be  two-thirds  (Y)  the  thick- 


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ness  of  the  wall,  but  never  less  than  four  (4)  inches 
at  the  back.  The  recesses  around  pipes  shall  be  filled 
up  solidly  with  masonry  or  plastic  incombustible  ma¬ 
terial  after  the  pipes  are  in  place  for  a  space  of  one 
(1)  foot  at  the  top  and  bottom  of  each  story. 

The  recesses  and  chases  for  elevators,  pipes,  electric 
conduits,  etc.,  may  be  made  in  walls,  provided  that  in 
party  and  external  walls  and  in  fire  walls  the  back  of 
the  recesses  and  chases  shall  be  not  less  than  nine 
(9)  inches  thick  in  the  dwelling  house  class  and  thir¬ 
teen  (13)  inches  in  the  warehouse  class  and  in  divi¬ 
sion  walls  not  less  than  four  (4)-  inches  thick.  Chases 
and  recesses  shall  be  of  such  width  and  so  spaced  as 
not  to  unduly  weaken  the  wall,  or  the  wall  shall 
be  proportionately  increased  in  thickness.  No  con¬ 
tinuous  vertical  recess  shall  be  nearer  than  seven  (7) 
feet  to  any  other  recess.  Flues  shall  not  be  considered 
recesses.  No  channeling  shall  be  done  in  any  walls 
where  less  than  thirteen  (13)  inches  thick,  except  for 
small  gas  pipe  and  wire  conduits,  in  which  case  such 
channels  shall  be  thoroughly  cemented  up  with  Portland 
mortar. 

Section  429.  Length  of  Walls — When  Not  to  Be 
Considered. 

If  the  center  of  any  external  or  party  wall  is  not 
more  than  twenty-five  (25)  feet  distant  from  the  cen¬ 
ter  of  any  other  external  or  party  wall  to  which  it  is 
tied  at  each  floor,  the  length  of  such  wall  up  to  the 
length  of  one  hundred  (100)  feet  is  not  to  be  taken 
into  consideration,  and  the  thickness  of  the  wall  will 
be  found  in  the  column  marked  “A”  in  the  tables. 

Section  430.  When  Stories  Exceed  a  Certain 
Height. 

When  a  story  exceeds  in  height  sixteen  (16)  times 
the  thickness  prescribed  for  the  walls  of  such  stories 
in  the  tables,  the  thickness  of  such  walls  shall  be  in- 
creased  four  (4)  inches  or  strengthened  by  means  of 
buttresses  not  more  than  twenty  (20)  feet  apart.  No 
story  inclosed  with  walls  less  than  thirteen  (13)  inches 
in  thickness,  shall  be  more  than  fifteen  (15)  feet  in 
height,  unless  strengthened  by  means  of  buttresses  not 
more  than  fifteen  (15)  feet  apart. 

Section  431.  Thickness  of  Stone  Walls. 

Stone  walls  shall  never  be  less  than  eighteen  (18) 
inches  in  thickness,  and  where  more  than  two  (2) 


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stories  or  twenty-seven  (27)  feet  in  height,  each  suc¬ 
ceeding  story  below  the  top  story  shall  be  increased 
three  (3)  inches  in  thickness. 

Section  432.  Foundation  Walls. 

All  buildings  and  structures  shall  have  foundation 
walls  except  frame  stables  and  sheds,  which  may  be 
built  on  stone  piers.  All  foundation  walls  and  piers 
shall  be  at  least  three  (3)  feet  below  ground  surface 
exposed  to  frost  and  six  (6)  inches  below  the  level 
of  the  excavation  of  the  cellar.  All  foundation  walls 
shall  be  built  of  concrete,  stone  or  brick,  concrete 
blocks  or  vitrified  clay  blocks.  If  built  of  brick,  the 
thickness  of  such  walls  must  be  increased  four  (4) 
inches  over  the  thickness  given  in  the  tables  for  the  low¬ 
est  story,  unless  the  total  height  to  the  top  of  the  foun¬ 
dation  comes  within  the  height  given  in  the  table, 
but  they  shall  never  be  less  than  thirteen  (13)  inches 
in  thickness.  All  brick  foundation  walls  must  be  built 
of  hard  brick  and  laid  in  cement  mortar. 

Rubble  masonry  stone  walls  for  foundations  shall 
never  be  less  than  eighteen  (18)  inches  in  thickness, 
and  for  foundations  to  walls  exceeding  the  height  of 
thirty-six  (36)  feet  they  shall  be  twenty-one  (21)  inches 
in  thickness  or  four  (4)  inches  more  than  the  base  of 
the  brick  wall  above  for  all  external  party  or  division 
bearing  walls.  All  stone  foundation  walls  shall  be  laid  • 
in  good  mortar,  and  where  the  height  of  the  wall  above 
exceeds  the  thirty-six  (36)  foot  limit  they  shall  be  laid 
in  cement  mortar.  All  rubble  stone  walls  must  be 
bonded  with  through  bonding  headers  at  least  three 
(3)  feet  in  height  and  not  over  three  (3)  feet  on  cen¬ 
ters. 

Vitrified  clay  blocks  may  be  used  for  foundations 
to  two  (2)  story  dwelling  houses  only,  or  for  founda¬ 
tions  to  division  walls  of  houses  of  the  dwelling  house 
class  not  more  than  three  (3)  stories  in  height.  The 
thickness  of  such  walls  shall  in  all  cases  be  at  least 
the  thickness  of  the  wall  above  and  not  less  than 
twelve  (12)  inches. 

Concrete  walls  for  foundation  walls  when  not  re¬ 
enforced  shall  not  be  less  in  thickness  than  one.  (1) 
inch  more  than  the  base  of  the  wall  given  in  the 
tables,  and  not  less  than  eight  (8)  inches  for  frame 
dwellings.  Re-enforced  concrete  foundation  walls  may 
be  of  less  thickness  if  they  are  properly  strengthened 
by  piers  or  buttresses  and  have  proper  benches  for 


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69 


the  reception  of  the  wall  above  and  conform  with  all 
the  requirements  of  the  reinforced  concrete  construc¬ 
tion  heretofore  given  in  this  code.  No  re-enforced 
concrete  wall  shall  be  less  than  four  (4)  inches  thick. 
Retaining  walls  shall  not  be  regulated  by  the  thick¬ 
ness  given  above,  but  shall  be  built  to  withstand  the 
pressure  of  the  earth  behind  the  same  and  the  action 
of  the  frost. 

Section  433.  Concrete  Blocks. 

Concrete  blocks  may  be  used  where  vitrified  clay 
blocks  are  hereinbefore  permitted,  and  also  where  brick 
walls  are  provided  for.  The  thickness  of  such  blocks 
shall  be  eight  (8)  inches  for  tabular  nine  (9)  inch 
walls  and  increased  four  (4)  inches  in  thickness  for 
each  such  increase  given  for  brick  walls  in  the  tables. 
Walls  built  of  concrete  blocks  shall  meet  the  require¬ 
ments  of  bonding  and  anchoring  given  for  brick  walls 
and  shall  be  laid  up  in  Portland  cement  mortar.  When 
such  blocks  are  used  for  fire  walls  or  party  walls  the 
vertical  joints  shall  not  be  continuous  through  the  walls. 

Section  434.  Additions  to  Heights  of  Old  Build¬ 
ings. 

Should  it  be  desired  to  add  to  the  height  of  a  build¬ 
ing  or  structure  already  erected,  even  though  in  such 
case  the  thickness  of  walls  would  not  be  in  strict  con¬ 
formity  with  this  code  for  the  entire  wall,  the  Com- 
-  missioner  of  Buildings  shall  make  an  inspection  of 
such  existing  wall,  and  if  in  the  judgment  of  the 
Commissioner  of  Buildings  the  addition  can  be  safely 
made,  he  may  grant  such  permit,  provided,  however, 
that  the  increased  load  on  the  brick  work  shall  never 
exceed  the  unit  stress  per  square  foot  hereinbefore 
given. 

Section  435.  Bonding. 

All  brick  walls  shall  be  bonded  every  seventh  course 
or  less  with  full  heading  courses  through  the  wall. 
Walls  faced  with  cut  stone,  terra  cotta,  pressed  brick 
or  any  such  material,  and  where  such  facing  is  veneered 
on  or  not  bonded  with,  brick  heading  courses  every 
seventh  course  or  less  and  made  a  part  of  the  wall 
itself,  the  facing  shall  be  backed  with  a  wall  of  the  full 
thickness  given  in  the  foregoing  sections  and  tables. 
Flemish  bond  work  shall  have  full  headers  every 
third  course.  When  the  veneer  is  tied  to  the  wall  with 


TO 


Building  Code 


metallic  wall  ties,  the  veneer  shall  not  be  considered 
as  part  of  the  thickness  of  the  wall  as  conforming  to 
the  thickness  given  in  the  foregoing  sections  and  tables. 
Such  veneer  must  be  tied  by  metallic  ties  at  least  one 

(1)  tie  to  each  square  foot  of  wall  surface,  and  no 
veneer  shall  be  more  than  thirty  (30)  feet  in  height 
without  renewing  the  bearings.  Hollow  brick  furring 
shall  be  considered  a  veneer,  unless  bonded  into  a  brick 
wall  with  heading  courses  as  provided  herein  for  solid 
brick  walls. 

Section  436.  Frame  Buildings  Veneered  with 
Brick. 

Outside  the  fire  limits,  frame  buildings  not  pver  two 

(2)  stories  and  an  attic  in  height  may  be  veneered  with 
brick,  stone  or  terra  cotta.  Such  veneer  work  must  be 
tied  to  the  backing  by  means  of  wall  ties  driven  through 
the  sheathing  and  clinched  on  the  back,  and  the  veneer 
must  rest  solidly  on  the  foundation  walls. 

Section  437.  Anchors,  Coping,  Lintels,  etc.  ( 

External  and  party  walls  above  the  ground  floor 
shall  be  securely  anchored  at  least  every  eight  (8) 
feet,  to  each  tier  of  joists  by  means  of  iron  strap  T 
head  or  hook  anchors  in  such  a  way  that  the  anchor¬ 
age  is  continuous  between  the  walls.  Walls  not  car¬ 
ried  up  together,  or  junctions  of  old  walls  to  new  walls, 
must  be  anchored  at  least  every  six  (6)  feet  in  their 
height  by  heavy  iron  strap  anchors.  Fire  walls  as 
hereafter  provided  and  all  fence  walls  and  the  top  of 
all  walls  exposed  to  the  weather  must  be  capped  with 
waterproof  and  fireproof  coping.  All  openings  in  brick 
walls  must  have  arches  or  lintels.  Lintels  must  have 
5-inch  bearing  on  the  wall.  In  non-fireproof  buildings, 
lintels  may  be  seasoned  wood  if  less  than  eight  (8) 
foot  span.  Parapet  walls  and  projecting  cornices  must 
be  securely  anchored  if  necessary  to  secure  stability. 

Section  438.  Brick  and  Masonry  Work. 

The  walls  and  piers  of  all  buildings  shall  be  prop¬ 
erly  and  solidly  bonded  together  with  close  joints  filled 
with  mortar.  They  shall  be  built  to  a  line  and  be 
carried  up  plumb  and  straight.  The  walls  of  each 
story  shall  be  built  up  the  full  thickness  to  the  top  of 
the  beams  above. 


Building  Code 


71 


Section  439.  Piers. 

All  piers  shall  be  built  of  good,  hard,  well-burnt 
brick  laid  in  cement  mortar,  excepting  that  piers  front¬ 
ing  on  a  street  may  be  built  of  stone.  Every  pier  built 
of  brick,  containing  less  than  nine  superficial  feet  at 
the  base,  supporting  any  beam,  girder,  arch  or  column 
on  which  a  wall  rests,  or  lintel  spanning  an  opening 
over  ten  (10)  feet  and  supporting  a  wall,  shall  at  in¬ 
tervals  of  not  over  thirty  (30)  inches  apart  in  height 
have  built  into  it  a  cast  iron  or  steel  bond  plate  of  suf¬ 
ficient  strength,  and  the  full  size  of  the  piers.  For  piers 
fronting  on  a  street  bond  stones  to  conform  with  the 
kind  of  stone  used  for  the  trimming  of  the  front  may 
be  used  above  the  sidewalk. 

Cap  stones  corresponding  to  the  trimmings  of  the 
front,  proportioned  to  the  weight  to  be  carried,  but 
not  less  than  five  (5)  inches  in  thickness,  by  the  full 
size  of  the  pier,  may  be  used  above  the  sidewalk  for 
piers  fronting  on  a  street.  For  the  capping  of  all 
other  piers  cast  iron  plates  of  equal  strength  by  the 
full  size  of  the  pier  shall  be  set  under  all  columns  or 
girders.  Isolated  brick  piers  shall  not  exceed  in  height 
ten  (10)  times  their  least  dimensions.  In  buildings 
other  than  buildings  of  the  dwelling  house  class,  stone 
posts  for  the  support  of  posts  or  columns  above  shall 
not  be  used  in  the  interior  of  the  building.  Where 
walls  or  outside  piers  are  built  of  coursed  stones,  with 
dressed  level  beds  and  vertical  joints,  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings  shall  have  the  right  to  allow  such  walls 
or  pier  to  be  built  of  a  less  thickness  than  specified  for 
brickwork,  but  in  no  case  shall  said  walls  or  piers  be 
less  than  three-quarters  (34)  of  the  thickness  provided 
for  brickwork.  Brick  piers  between  windows  shall 
never  be  less  in  width  than  the  thickness  of  the  wall. 

Section  440.  Floor  Arches  and  Floor  Construc¬ 
tion. 

Filling  between  beams  in  fireproof  buildings  shall  be 
built  either  of  brick  or  hollow  tile  arches,  concrete 
arches  and  floor  slabs  or  a  combination  of  one  or  more 
of  these  materials  alone  or  in  combination  with  wire 
cloth,  expanded  metal,  wire  strands  or  wrought  iron 
and  steel  bars.  Arches  built  of  brick,  between  floor 
beams  shall  be  solidly  laid  in  cement  mortar  to  a 
line  on  the  centers  and  shall  have  a  rise  to  safely 
carry  the  superimposed  load,  but  never  less  than  one 


72 


Building  Code 


and  one-fourth  (1^4)  of  an  inch  for  each  foot  of  span 
between  beams.  They  shall  not  be  less  than  nine 
(9)  inches  for  spans  more  than  six  (6)  feet,  and  shall 
be  well  bonded.  Hollow  tile  arches  when  segmental 
shall  be  not  less  than  (6)  inches  thick,  and  shall  be 
laid  with  the  same  rise  and  in  like  manner  as  brick 
arches.  Flat  arches  of  hard  burnt  clay  semi-porous  or 
porous  terra-cotta  of  uniform  density  and  hardness  shall 
be  not  less  in  height  than  one  and  one-quarter  (1J4)  of 
an  inch  for  each  foot  of  span  between  beams  plus  two 
(2)  inches,  and  shall  be  laid  in  cement  mortar  on  rigid 
centering,  and  the  key  parts  shall  always  fall  in  the 
central  portion.  The  shells  and  webs  of  all  end  con¬ 
structed  blocks  shall  abut  one  against  the  other.  Con¬ 
crete  arches  segmental  in  form  shall  be  not  less  than 
four  (4)  inches  at  the  crown,  and  shall  have  a  rise  of 
one  and  one-quarter  (1*4)  of  an  inch  to  each  foot 
of  span  between  beams.  When  re-enforced  with  metal, 
such  metal,  unless  used  for  centering  only,  must  be  im¬ 
bedded  in  the  concrete  at  least  one  (1)  inch.  Cinder  or 
slag  concrete  may  be  used  only  for  floor  arches  of  six 
(6)  foot  or  less  span,  when  properly  re-enforced.  Floor 
Ailing  of  solid  or  hollow  burnt  clay,  brick  or  concrete 
slabs  or  beams  in  combination  with  wire  cloth,  expand¬ 
ed  metal  wire  strands  or  wrought  iron  or  steel  bars  shall 
have  such  metal  covered  with  at  least  one  (1)  inch  of 
Areproof  materials. 

* 

Section  441.  Beam  and  Column  Covering. 

All  iron  and  steel  flanges  of  beams  in  Areproof  and 
semi-Areproof  buildings  shall  be  covered  at  least  two 
(2)  inches  with  Areproof  materials,  and  all  arches 
shall  have  hard  burnt  clay  skewback  pieces  with  shells 
and  webs  of  not  less  than  one  and  one-half  (iyi) 
inches  thickness.  In  flat  construction,  such  beams  may 
be  entirely  incased  with  concrete  or  other  AreprooAng 
materials,  but  never  less  than  two  (2)  inches  on  flanges. 
Plastering  shall  not  be  construed  as  furnishing  a  portion 
of  this  covering.  All  exterior  structural  iron  and  steel 
columns  in  Areproof  and  semi-Areproof  buildings  shall 
be  incased  in  brick  or  concrete.  All  interior  structural 
iron  and  steel  columns  in  Areproof  and  semi-Areproof 
buildings  shall  be  incased  in  four  (4)  inches  of  brick, 
hollow  tile,  terra-cotta,  concrete  or  other  fireproof 
material  without  any  air  space  next  to  the  metal,  se¬ 
curely  applied  and  laid  in  Portland  cement  mortar. 


Building  Code 


73 


Plastering,  unless  of  Portland  mortar,  shall  not  be  con¬ 
sidered  as  part  of  this  covering.  All  pipes,  wires  and 
conduits  shall  be  placed  outside  of  the  said  covering  on 
beams  and  columns.  In  buildings  where  heavy  truck¬ 
ing  is  done,  all  such  column  casing  shall  be  properly 
jacketed  with  sheet  metal  up  to  four  (4)  feet  from  the 
floor. 

Sec.  442.  Fireproof  Partitions. 

All  fireproof  partitions  must  rest  on  fireproof  floors 
and  extend  to  fireproof  sides  and  ceilings.  Door  and 
window  openings  in  fireproof  partitions  shall  have  metal 
uprights  extending  from  floor  to  ceiling  and  metal 
framed  heads  and  sills.  All  heads  of  frames  shall  be 
at  least  twelve  (12)  inches  below  the  ceilings.  Such 
fireproof  partitions  shall  be  constructed  either  of  brick, 
hollow  tile  or  similar  fireproof  blocks  or  metal  studs 
and  metal  lath.  All  partitions  shall'  be  plastered  with 
two  (2)  coats  of  hard  plaster,  covering  all  parts  of  the 
partition,  whether  exposed  or  covered  with  marble  or 
other  decorative  features.  Fireproof  partitions  may  be 
built  entirely* of  re-enforced  concrete.  All  partitions 
more  than  seventy-five  (75)  feet  in  length  must  be 
strengthened  by  piers  or  buttresses,  or  iron  or  steel 
framework.  All  non-bearing  hollow  tile  partitions  shall 
not  exceed  the  following  heights,  viz:  Twenty  (20) 
feet  for  6-inch  partitions,  sixteen  (16)  feet  for  4-inch, 
and  twelve  (12)  feet  for  3-inch  partitions. 

Section  443.  Wood  Girders,  Floor  Beams  and 
Joists. 

All  wood  girders,  floor  beams  and  joists  in  all  build¬ 
ings  must  be  of  sufficient  size  and  strength  to  conform 
with  the  factors  of  safety  heretofore  given,  and  must 
never  exceed  twenty  (20)  times  their  depth  in  length. 
Floor  beams  and  wood  girders  for  buildings  of  timber 
or  slow-burning  construction  must  be  figured  to  permit 
of  a  decrease  in  strength  caused  by  fire  charring  the 
same  to  a  depth  of  one-half  (J4)  of  an  inch  all  around 
the  timber.  All  connections  of  wood  or  iron  posts  to 
girders  and  floor  beams  to  girders  must  be  made  in 
such  a  way  that  they  can  be  readily  taken  out  without 
destroying  any  portion  of  the  structure.  Each  tier  of 
joists  or  timbers  for  each  floor,  where  they  are  sup¬ 
ported  on  walls  above  the  ground  floor,  shall  be  an¬ 
chored  to  the  walls  with  heavy  strap  T  or  turn-up 
anchors,  and  wherever  joists  are  in  two  or  more  lengths 


74 


Building  Code 


across  the  building  they  must  be  anchored  together  so 
as  to  make  the  anchorage  continuous  from  wall  to  wall. 
All  joists  and  timbers  resting  in  brick  walls  must  be 
self-releasing,  and  unless  the  wall  is  offset,  the  ends 
must  be  cut  off  at  the  top  at  an  angle  of  forty-five  (45) 
degrees  with  the  face  of  the  wall.  No  joists  shall  ex¬ 
tend  through  any  wall,  nor  shall  the  joists  abut  in  any 
wall  unless  separated  by  incombustible  material,  and 
in  warehouse  class  this  shall  be  either  nine  (9)  inches 
of  brick  or  four  (4)  inches  of  Portland  concrete. 

All  joists  around  fireplaces  and  flues  shall  be  framed 
so  that  there  will  be  a  clear  space  of  not  less  than  four 
(4)  inches  between  the  trimmers  and  headers  and  the 
brickwork  of  the  projecting  chimney  breast,  nor  less 
than  nine  (9)  inches  from  the  inside  of  the  flue  to  any 
woodwork,  and  the  joists  in  the  brickwork  next  to  the 
trimmers  and  headers  must  be  perfectly  full  and  this 
entire  face  plastered  with  Portland  cement  unless  the 
walls  around  the  flues  are  nine  (9)  inches  in  thickness. 
No  wood  bearing  posts  shall  be  employed  in  cellars  or 
basements  next  to  the  ground. 

Secticn  444.  Stud  Partitions  Used  as  Bearings. 

In  dwellings  and  tenement  houses  not  over  three  (3) 
stories  in  height,  stud  partitions  may  be  used  as  bear¬ 
ings  for  the  several  floors.  Such  stud  partitions  shall 
be  supported  by  foundations  of  masonry  or  concrete 
walls  in  the  cellar,  or  brick  piers  or  iron  or  wood  or 
re-enforced  concrete  posts  and  girders.  The  bearings 
of  these  partitions  must  be  continuous  thtough  all  the 
floors,  except  that  in  dwelling  houses,  the  position  of 
such  partitions  may  be  changed  in  the  second  floor,  if 
the  second  floor  joists  are  properly  strengthened  to  take 
the  additional  strain  caused  by  such  partition  bearing, 
and  are  properly  fire  stopped.  When  stud  partitions  are 
used  for  joist  bearing,  the  spaces  surrounded  by  brick 
or  concrete  walls  must  never  exceed  on  any  floor  more 
than  twenty-five  hundred  (2,500)  square  feet,  except  in 

private  dwelling  houses. 

✓ 

Section  445.  Fire  Stops. 

All  stud  partitions,  whether  incombustible  stud  par¬ 
titions  or  wood  lath  partitions,  unless  the  bottom  plate 
is  set  on  top  of  the  floor,  must  have  fire  stops.  On  all 
walls  where  wooden  furring  is  used,  all  the  courses  of 
brick  from  the  under  side  of  the  floor  beams  to  the 
top  of  the  same  shall  project  at  least  two  (2)  inches 


Building  Code 


75 


beyond  the  inside  face  of  the  wall,  and  where  floor 
beams  run  parallel  to  a  wall  and  wooden  furring  is 
used  such  beams  shall  be  kept  away  at  least  two  (2) 
inches  from  the  inside  face  of  the  wall,  and  the  space 
between  the  beams  and  the  walls  shall  be  built  up 
solidly  with  brickwork,  or  filled  in  with  concrete  from 
the  under  side  of  the  floor  beams  to  the  top  of  the 
same,  so  as  to  form  an  effective  fire  stop.  In  all  con¬ 
tinuous  partitions,  the  space  between  the  joist  bearing- 
plate  and  the  top  of  the  floor  shall  be  filled  in  solidly 
with  brick  or  concrete  closely  plastered  or  metal  lath 
and  plaster  so  as  to  form  an  effective  fire  stop. 

Section  446.  Wood  Ceilings. 

Wood  ceilings  will  not  be  permitted  in  any  stores, 
factories  or  workshops,  and  all  wood  wainscoting  in  any 
building,  except  private  dwelling  houses,  must  have  the 
back  filled  solidly  with  incombustible  material. 

Section  447.  Wood  Trusses. 

All  wood  trusses  shall  be  so  designed  that  the  stresses 
in  the  various  members  may  readily  be  calculated,  and 
all  struts  and  tension  rods  must  be  of  sufficient  strength 
required  for  unit  stresses  heretofore  given,  and  all  joints 
must  be  accurately  cut  and  fit  together  and  drawn  tight 
to  full  bearings.  All  such  trusses  must  be  properly  se¬ 
cured  in  place  by  lateral  bracing.  Compression  mem¬ 
bers  shall  be  strained  in  the  direction  of  the  fiber  only 
Timbers  strained  in  tension  shall  be  strained  in  the  di¬ 
rection  of  the  fiber  only. 

i 

Section  448.  Frame  Buildings. 

Frame  buildings  outside  of  the  fire  limits  shall  be  con¬ 
structed  in  a  good  substantial  manner,  and  unless  they 
are  balloon  framed  they  must  be  provided  with  sufficient 
bracing  to  withstand  all  wind  pressure.  Any  thrust 
that  may  be  in  the  roof  rafters  must  be  taken  up  by 
collar  beams  or  otherwise.  Whenever  two  or  more 
frame  buildings  are  built  in  a  row,  the  division  walls 
separating  the  different,  houses  must  be  built  of  brick, 
concrete  or  other  incombustible  material,  and  such 
walls  must  conform  with  all  such  other  requirements 
of  this  code  as  relates  to  the  thickness,  length  and 
height  of  walls,  and  must  extend  two  (2)  feet  above 
the  roof,  and  must  be  capped  with  fire  and  weather¬ 
proof  coping. 


76 


Building  Code 


sub-title  v. 

SAFETY  REGULATIONS. 

Chapter  1. — Fireproofing  and  Fire  Prevention. 

Section  449.  Fireproof  Buildings. 

The  following  buildings,  hereafter  erected,  shall  be 
fireproof  buildings  : 

(a)  All  public  buildings,  detention  buildings,  public 
garages  and  dry  cleaning  establishments. 

(b)  All  school  buildings  and  buildings  containing  as¬ 
sembly  halls,  three  (3)  or  more  stories  in  height. 

(c)  Office  buildings,  hotels,  lodging  houses  and  tene¬ 
ment  houses  more  than  five  (5)  stories  and  an  attic  in 
height. 

(d)  Store  buildings,  warehouses  and  factory  build¬ 
ings  seven  (7)  stories  or  more  in  height. 

(e)  Theaters,  except  the  top  flooring,  the  necessary 
sleepers  to  fasten  the  same  to,  the  facing  of  the  step¬ 
ping  in  the  galleries,  which  shall  be  properly  fire  stop¬ 
ped,  and  the  wood  wainscoting  not  over  six  (6)  feet 
in  height,  if  solidly  filled  between  the  wainscoting  and 
the  wall  with  fireproof  materials. 

*  Section  449 — 1.  Fences. 

All  fences  over  eight  (8)  feet  in  height  shall  be  built 
of  brick,  concrete,  hollow  tile,  concrete  blocks,  vitrified 
clay  or  other  similar  incombustible  materials.  The 
foundation,  construction  and  thickness  to  comply  with 
all  the  requirements  of  this  code  for  walls  of  similar 
length  and  height. 

Section  450.  Semi-Fireproof  Buildings. 

The  following  buildings,  hereafter  erected,  may  be 
fireproof  buildings,  or  shall  be  semi-fireproof  buildings, 
constructed  either  of  mill  or  slow-burning  construction. 

All  store  buildings,  warehouses  and  factory  buildings 
more  than  three  (3)  stories  in  height  and  not  more  than 
six  (6)  stories  in  height. 

Section  451.  Buildings  Within  Fire  Limits. 

No  frame  or  wood  structure  shall  be  erected  within 
the  fire  limits,  except  as  follows  : 

(a)  Temporary  buildings  one  (1)  story  in  height, 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  550-14,  passed  Octo¬ 
ber  6,  1914. 


Building  Code 


77 


for  the  use  of  builders  within  the  limits  of  lots  where¬ 
on  buildings  are  in  course  of  erection  or  adjoining 
vacant  lots,  upon  the  permit  of  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings. 

(b)  Temporary  structures  such  as  platforms,  stands, 
election  booths  and  circus  tents. 

(c)  Buildings  not  exceeding  twelve  (12)  feet  in 
height,  and  having  walls  and  roof  covered  externally 
with  incombustible  material. 

(d)  Privies  and  sheds  not  exceeding  ten  (10)  feet 
in  height  and  not  over  one  hundred  (100)  square  feet 
in  area. 

(e)  Piazzas  or  balconies  of  wood,  which  do  not  ex¬ 
ceed  eight  (8)  feet  in  width  and  which  do  not  exceed 
more  than  three  (3)  feet  above  the  second  floor  beams. 

(f)  Bay  windows  of  wood  covered  with  incombus¬ 
tible  material,  if  otherwise  in  accordance  with  this  code. 

(g)  Fences  not  over  six  (6)  feet  high. 

**(h)  Isolated  grain  elevators,  icehouses,  wharf- 
houses,  railroad-yard  offices  and  railroad  signal  towers 
covered  externally  with  incombustible  materials,  and 
coal  tipples. 

(i)  Lumber  piles  not  over  fifteen  (15)  feet  high. 

All  buildings  hereafter  erected  within  the  fire  limits 
must  have  the  exterior  walls  built  of  brick  or  other  in¬ 
combustible  material  and  the  roofs  covered  with  incom¬ 
bustible  roofs,  and  must  in  other  respects  be  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  the  requirements  of  this  code. 

*  Section  452.  Block  Restrictions. 

No  reservoir  for  the  storage  of  an  inflammable  ex¬ 
plosive  or  odorous  gas,  blacksmith  shop,  foundry,  pack¬ 
ing  house,  rendering  plant,  soap  factory,  tannery,  brew¬ 
ery,  distillery,  grain  elevator,  icehouse,  junk  shop,  laun¬ 
dry  or  any  building,  tipple  or  plant  for  the  handling  or 
distribution  of  coal  or  coke,  shall  be  erected  in  any 
residence  block  or  residence  square.  For  the  purposes 
of  this  section  a  block  or  square  shall  be  a  section  of 
land  bounded  by  three  or  more  public  streets  or  alleys 
or  natural  boundaries,  such  as  streams  of  water,  well 
defined  ravines  or  railway  rights  of  way;  and  a  resi¬ 
dence  block  or  residence  square  shall  be  a  block  or 


*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  334-16,  passed  August 
1,  1916. 

**As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  445-13,  passed  Au¬ 
gust  5,  1916. 


78 


Building  Code 


square  in  which  more  than  sixty  per  cent  of  the  sur¬ 
face  of  the  land  contains  buildings  or  premises  used 
for  residence  purposes,  and  a  building  shall  be  deemed 
used  for  residence  purposes  when  a  majority  of  the 
floor  space  of  such  building  is  used  for  residence  pur¬ 
poses. 

Section  453.  Shafts. 

The  walls  of  all  shafts  in  non-fireproof  buildings  here¬ 
after  erected  shall  be  covered  with  fireproof  material 
throughout.  The  bottom  of  shafts  that  are  open  at  the 
top  to  the  outer  air  shall  be  properly  drained.  At  the 
bottom  of  every  shaft  there  shall  be  a. self-closing  fire¬ 
proof  door  or  window  giving  access  to  the  same  for 
cleaning  purposes. 

Section  454.  Removal  of  Frame  Buildings. 

No  frame  buildings  shall  be  moved  from  one  lot  to 
another,  within  the  fire  limits,  or  from  without  the  fire 
limits  to  within  the  fire  limits. 

Section  455.  Signs  and  Billboards. 

(a)  Signs  and  billboards,  or  any  device  in  the  na¬ 
ture  of  an  advertisement,  announcement  or  direction, 
when  constructed  of  wood,  shall  not  be  erected  over 
two  (2)  feet  in  height. 

(b)  All  signs  and  billboards  constructed  in  the  fire 
limits,  more  than  two  (2)  feet  in  height,  on  any  build¬ 
ing  or  separately,  shall  be  constructed  entirely  of 
metal,  including  the  upright  supports  and  braces  of  the 
same. 

(c)  No  signs  or  billboards  erected  upon  upri  ghts. 
or  any  other  supports  extending  into  the  ground,  shall 
be  at  any  point  more  than  twelve  (12)  feet  above  the 
surface  of  the  ground,  and  shall  be  properly  supported 
and  braced. 

(d)  Billboards  shall  have  at  least  twenty-four  (24) 
inches  of  open  space  in  height  between  the  ground 
and  the  billboard. 

(e)  There  shall  he  an  open  space  of  six  (6)  feet 
between  each  -billboard  and  any  adjoining,  structure 
or  lot  line. 

(f)  There  shall  be  an  open  space  of  not  less  than 
two  (2)  feet  between  any  two  billboards. 

(g)  No  billboard  shall  exceed  five  hundred  (500) 
square  feet  in  area. 

(h)  No  billboard  shall  be  nearer  to  the  lot  line  on 
any  street  than  the  house  line  adjoining  the  same. 


Building  Code 


79 


(i)  In  no  case  shall  any  billboard  be  less  than  fif¬ 
teen  (15)  feet  from  such  street  line. 

(j)  Where  new  buildings  are  erected,  present  bill¬ 
boards  shall  be  set  back  to  such  house  line  of  adjoining 
lot. 

(k)  All  signs  which  are  dangerous  in  any  manner 
whatever  shall  be  repaired  and  made  safe  or  taken 
down  by  the  owner. 

(l)  No  matter  shall  be  posted  on  any  such  structure 
that  is  licentious  or  obscene,  or  depicting  the  commis¬ 
sion  of  any  crime. 

(m)  No  matter  shall  be  posted  on  any  such  struct¬ 
ure  until  it  has  been  inspected  and  approved  by  the 
Chief  of  Police. 

(n)  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  billposter  or  ad¬ 
vertising  sign  painter  to  post  any  matter  upon  any 
board  owned  or  controlled  by  a  licensed  advertiser 
without  the  consent  of  the  advertiser,  or  upon  any 
building  without  the  consent  of  the  owner  of  such 
building  unless  a  special  permit  shall  have  first  been 
issued  by  the  Director  of  Public  Service. 

* 

(p)  No  such  sign  or  billboard  shall  be  erected  on 
or  facing  any  public  park,  square,  municipal,  county  or 
Federal  building  unless  a  special  permit  shall  have  first 
been  issued  by  the  Director  of  Public  Service. 

(q)  Nothing  herein  contained  shall  prevent  the 
owners  or  operators  of  any  open-air  place’  of  amuse¬ 
ment  or  ball  park,  wholly  surrounded  by  streets,  vacant 
grounds  or  railroad  rights-of-way,  from  erecting  or 
maintaining  suitable  screen  about  the  same,  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  plans  approved  by  the  Commissioner,  or 
from  displaying  proper  advertising  matter,  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  paragraphs  “1”  and  “m”  of  this  section,  on 
the  interior  of  such  screen. 

(r)  The  foregoing  paragraphs  of  this  section  shall 
apply  to  all  existing  billboards. 

(s)  Each  of  the  foregoing  lettered  sections  relating 
to  signs  and  billboards  is  hereby  declared  to  be  inde¬ 
pendent  of  every  other  section,  and  the  invalidity  of 
any  one  shall  not  invalidate  any  of  the  others. 

Section  456.  Fireproof  Doors  and  Windows. 

(a)  In  fireproof  and  semi-fireproof  buildings  here- 

*Section  450-O  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  550-14, 
passed  October  6,  1914. 


80 


Building  Code 


i 


after  constructed  and  in  all  store  buildings,  ware¬ 
houses,  factories  and  •  workshops  hereafter  erected, 
door,  windows  or  other  openings  in  external  walls 
that  are  thirty  (30)  feet  or  less  distant  from  any  other 
building  or  parts  of  the  same  buildings,  or  that  are 
above  adjoining  roofs,  must  either  be  fireproof  win¬ 
dows  or  doors,  or  be  equipped  with  fireproof  shutters. 
All  fireproof  shutters  opening  on  fire-escapes  and  on 
streets  or  alleys  must  be  so  arranged  that  they  can  be 
opened  from  the  outside  as  well  as  from  the  inside.  In 
all  fireproof  and  semi-fireproof  buildings,  and  in  all 
warehouses,  store  buildings,  factories  and  workshops 
hereafter  erected,  the  openings  in  walls  separating  two 

(2)  buildings  or  two  (2)  separate  portions  of  the  same 
building,  or  wherever  deemed  necessary  by  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings,  shall  be  provided  with  auto¬ 
matic  self-closing  fire-doors  on  each  side  of' the  wall 
if  practicable.  All  fireproof  shutters  and  doors  shall  be 
closed  at  the  close  of  the  business  of  each  day.  All  fire- 
doors  shall  be  protected  by  guards,  so  as  to  prevent  ob¬ 
struction  from  free  movement.  In  all  factories  and 
workshops  the  windows  and  doors  on  fire-escapes  must 
be  fireproof  windows  and  doors. 

*(b)  The  foregoing  provisions  shall  also  apply  to  all 
existing  store  buildings,  warehouses,  factories  and 
workshops. 

Section  457.  Stand  Pipes. 

All  buildings  exceeding  a  height  of  seventy-five  (75) 
feet  shall  be  equipped  with  stand  pipes,  one  for  each 
division  of  the  building,  or  one  for  each  ten  thousand 
(10,000)  square  feet  or  fraction  thereof,  or*  one  for 
each  end  street  front.  Such  stand  pipes  shall  not  be 
less  than  four  (4)  inches  in  diameter  for  houses  not 
exceeding  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  (125)  feet  in 
height,  and  six  (6)  inches  in  diameter  for  houses  ex¬ 
ceeding  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  (125)  feet  in 
height,  except  that  where  existing  buildings  are  now 
equipped  with  stand  pipes,  the  diameters  may  be  three 

(3)  and  four  (4)  inches  respectively,  but  the  number 
of  stand  pipes  must  conform  with  the  above  require¬ 
ments.  AIT  stand  pipes  shall  be  of  wrought  iron  or 
galvanized  steel,  and  together  with  fittings  and  con¬ 
nections,  shall  be  of  such  strength  so  as  to  safely  with¬ 
stand  three  hundred  (300)  pounds  of  water  pressure  to 
the  square  inch  when  installed  ready  for  service,  with¬ 
out  leaking  at  the  joints,  valves  or  fittings,  and  they 


Building  Code 


81 


shall  be  located  in  such  position  in  the  building  thab 
the  fire  within  any  room  in  the  building  will  not  over¬ 
heat  the  same,  and  where  they  are  easily  accessible  in 
any  public  portion  of  the  building.  If  placed  in  closets 
or  shafts,  the  doors  to  the  same  shall  not  be  locked. 
All  stand  pipes  shall  extend  from  the  cellar  to  and 
through  the  roof,  with  a  hose  connection  located  from 
four  (4)  to  six  (6)  feet  above  the  floor  level,  fitted  with 
approved  straightway  composition  valves  in  each  story, 
including  the  cellar;  also,  a  hose  connection  provided 
above  the  roof,  with  the  valve  controlling  the  same  lo¬ 
cated  so.  that  it  can  be  operated  either  from  above 
or  below  the  roof.  A  suitable  three-quarters  (24)  of 
an  inch  drain  pipe  and  valve  shall  be  provided  for  drain¬ 
ing  the  connection  above  the  roof.  Hose  sufficient  to 
reach  to  all  parts  of  the  floor  shall  be  attached  to  each 
outlet  in  the  building,  and  hose  for  the  roof  hydrant 
shall  be  placed  in  the  top  floor  near  the  scuttle  leading 
to  the  roof.  Such  hose  shall  be  at  least  two  and  one- 
half  ( 2 y2)  inches  in  diameter,  in  fifty  (50)  foot  lengths, 
and  provided  with  standard  couplings  at  each  end;  how- 
over,  one  (1)  inch  connections  and  hose  in  addition 
to  the  above  is  permitted.  All  couplings  are  to  be  the 
same  hose  threa'd  as  that  in  use  by  the  Fire  Depart¬ 
ment.  Such  hose  shall  be  linen,  cotton  rubber  lined, 
or  rubber,  and  shall  be  approved  by  the  Chief  of  the 
Fire  Department.  All  hose  shall  be  examined  once  a 
year  and  certified  to  by  the  Fire  Department.  All  stand 
pipes  shall  be  provided  with  a  Siamese  steamer  con¬ 
nection  located  on  the  outside  of  the  building  and  of 
easy  access  to  the  Fire  Department.  The  inlet  pipe 
shall  not  be  less  in  diameter  than  the  largest  stand  pipe. 
The  Siamese  steamer  connection  shall  be  provided  with 
check  valves  in  the  Y  and  substantial  brass  or  gun- 
metal  caps  provided  to  protect  the  thread  on  the  con¬ 
nection.  All  portions  of  the  Siamese  connections  or 
stand  pipes  that  are  in  danger  of  freezing  shall  be  pro¬ 
vided  with  a  drip  pipe  and  valve  for  the  purpose  of 
draining  the  same.  In  addition  to  the  provisions  for 
steamer  connections  to  stand  pipes,  the  water  supply 
may  be  from  city  water  where  the  pressure  is  sufficient, 
automatic  fire  pumps  of  five  hundred  (500)  gallons  or 
more  per  minute,  elevated  tank  or  steel  pressure  tank 
of  not  less  than  five  thousand  (5,000)  gallons  capacity. 
In  all  buildings  coming  under  these  regulations  as  to 
height,  which  are  occupied  for  sleeping  purposes,  such 
as  hotels,  lodging  houses,  hospitals  and  asylums,  the 


82 


Building  Code 


stand-pipe  system  must  have  at  least  one  (1)  of  the 
automatic  supplies  heretofore  described.  Where  such 
stand  pipe  is  connected  to  a  tank,  there  shall  be  a 
straightway  check  valve  in  the  horizontal  section  of  the 
pipe,  between  the  first  hose  outlet  below  the  tank  and 
the  tank.  Such  tank  must  be  filled  by  a  separate  pipe 
and  not  through  the  stand  pipe,  and  where  such  tank 
is  used  for  the  house  supply,  the  house  supply  shall  ex¬ 
tend  into  the  tank  to  such  a  height  as  will  reserve  not 
less  than  thirty-five  hundred  (3.500)  gallons  of  water 
for  fire  purposes.  Where  pumps  constitute  a  supply 
to  stand  pipes  they  shall  be  placed  not  less  than  two  (2) 
feet  above  the  floor  level,  and  the  boilers  upon  which 
the  pumps  depend  shall  be  so  arranged  that  the  flooding 
of  fires  under  the  same  will  be  impossible. 

Dry-cleaning  buildings  must  be  equipped  with  steam 
pipes  running  around  the  said  building  at  the  floor 
line,  and  also  at  the  ceiling.  From  these  steam  pipes 
there  shall  be  openings  or  jets  set  at  least  every  twelve 
(12)  inches  from  center  to  center,  and  to  graduate  in 
size  from  one-eighth  (ks)  to  three-eighths  (Fs)  of  an 
inch.  This  steam  system  shall  be  controlled  by  a  valve 
located  at  least  ten  (10)  feet  outside  of  said  dry- 
cleaning  building. 

Section  458.  Stand  Pipes  in  Theaters. 

Stand  pipes  four  (4)  inches  in  diameter  shall  be  pro¬ 
vided  with  hose  attachments  on  every  floor  and  gallery 
as  follows :  One  on  each  side  of  the  auditorium  in 
each  tier,  also  on  each  side  of  the  stage  in  each  tier, 
and  at  least  one  in  the  property-room  and  one  in  the 
carpenter  shop  if  the  same  be  contiguous  to  the  build¬ 
ing.  Ali  such  stand  pipes  shall  be  kept  clear  from 
obstructions.  Stand  pipes  shall  be  separate  and  dis¬ 
tinct,  receiving  their  supply  of  water  direct  from  the 
power  pump  or  pumps,  and  shall  be  fitted  with  the  regu¬ 
lation  couplings  of  the  Fire  Department,  and  shall  be 
kept  constantly  filled  with  water  by  means  of  an  auto¬ 
matic  power  pump  or  pumps  of  sufficient  capacity  to 
supply  all  the  lines  of  hose  operated  simultaneously; 
and  said  pump  or  pumps  shall  be  supplied  from  the 
street  main  and  be  ready  for  immediate  use  at  all  times 
during  a  performance  in  said  building.  A  separate 
and  distinct  system  of  automatic  sprinklers,  with  fusi¬ 
ble  plugs,  approved  by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings, 
supplied  with  water  from  a  tank  located  on  the  roof 
over  the  stage,  and  not  connected  in  any  way  with 
the  stand  pipes,  shall  be  placed  on  each  side  of 


Building  Code 


83 


the  proscenium  opening  and  on  the  ceiling  or  roof  over 
the  stage,  at  such  intervals  as  will  protect  every  square 
foot  of  stage  surface  when  said  sprinklers  are  in  oper¬ 
ation.  Automatic  sprinklers  shall  also  be  placed  where- 
ever  practicable  in  the  dressing  room  under  the  stage, 
and  in  the  carpenter  shop,  paint  rooms,  store  rooms 
and  property  rooms.  A  proper  and  sufficient  quantity 
of  two  and  one-half  (2f4)  inch  hose,  not  less  than  one 
hundred  (100)  feet  in  length,  fitted  with  the  regulation 
couplings  of  the  Fire  Department,  and  with  nozzles  at¬ 
tached  thereto,  and  with  hose  spanners  at  each  outlet, 
shall  always  be  kept  attached  to  each  hose  attach¬ 

ment,  as  the  Chief  of  the  Fire  Department  may  direct. 

Section  459.  Fire  Extinguishing  Apparatus. 

There  shall  be  kept  in  readiness  for  immediate  use 
on  every  permanent  stage,  whether  in  theaters  or  else¬ 
where,  at  least  two  (2)  casks  full  of  water  and  two 
(2)  buckets  to  each  cask.  Said  casks  and  buckets 

shall  be  painted  red.  In  theaters  there  shall  also  be 

provided  at  least  four  (4)  axes,  two  twenty-five  (25) 

foot  hooks  and  two  ten  (10)  foot  hooks  on  each  tier 
or  floor  of  the  stage.  In  every  office  building  there 
shall  be  kept  in  readiness  for  immediate  use  in  the  cor¬ 
ridor  in  each  story  an  approved  fire  extinguisher  (not 
grenade),  one  for  each  2,500  square  feet  or  fraction 
thereof  of  floor  surface  on  such  floor. 

Section  460.  Prohibited  Hazards. 

In  all  buildings  occupied  as  tenement  houses,  lodging 
houses,  hotels,  office  buildings  and  buildings  containing 
assembly  halls  and  theaters,  the  following  hazards  shall 
be  prohibited,  viz. : 

(a)  No  such  building  or  any  part  thereof,  nor  the 
lot  upon  which  such  building  is  situated  shall  be  used 
as  a  place  of  storage,  keeping  or  handling  of  any 
hazardous  materials,  such  as  fireworks,  explosives,  cel¬ 
lulose  materials,  or  as  a  film  exchange,  or  for  gasoline 
or  volatile  substances,  nor  for  the  storage  or  handling 
of  any  article  detrimental  to  life  or  health,  nor  for  the 
storage  or  handling  of  feed,  hay,  straw,  excelsior,  cot¬ 
ton,  paper  stock,  feathers  or  rags,  nor  shall  any  picture 
machine  theater  or  public  garage  be  operated  or  main¬ 
tained  therein. 

(b)  No  bakery  or  any  place  of  business  in  which 
fat  is  boiled  shall  be  maintained  in  such  building,  un¬ 
less  the  same  is  either  fireproof  throughout  or  the  ceil¬ 
ings  and  side  walls  of  said  place  are  made  safe  by 


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fireproof  materials  around  the  same.  There  shall  be 
no  openings,  either  by  door  or  window,  dumb-waiter, 
shafts  or  otherwise  between  said  places  where  fat  boil¬ 
ing  is  done  and  other  parts  of  said  building. 

(c)  No  place  for  the  storage  of  any  paint,  oil,  spirit¬ 
uous  liquors  or  drugs  shall  be  maintained  therein,  un¬ 
less  all  openings  leading  into  halls  from  such  portions 
where  paints,  oils,  spirituous  liquors  or  drugs  are  stored, 
are  equipped  with  self-closing  fireproof  doors  and  unless 
all  windows  and  transoms  are  stationary  and  fireproof. 

(d)  No  such  building  or  any  part  thereof  shall  be 
used  for  manufacturing  purposes  of  any  kind  employ¬ 
ing  more  than  ten  (10)  people,  unless  such  building  or 
parts  of  such  building  used  for  manufacturing  comply 
with  the  regulations  for  factories  and  workshops. 

Section  461. 

Waste  paper,  ashes,  oil  rags,  waste  rags,  excelsior 
or  any  material  of  a  similar  hazardous  nature  shall 
not  be  accumulated  in  any  cellar  or  any  other  portion 
of  any  building  of  any  kind,  and  proper  fireproof  re¬ 
ceptacles  shall  be  provided  for  such  hazardous  materials. 

Section  462.  Local  Hazards  in  Theaters. 

Every  steam  boiler  for  theaters,  which  may  be  re¬ 
quired  for  heating  or  other  purposes,  shall  not  be 
located  under  the  auditorium  or  stage,  and  the  space 
allotted  to  the  same  shall  be  inclosed  with  walls  of 
masonry  on  all  sides,  and  the  ceiling  of  such  space 
shall  be  constructed  of  fireproof  materials.  All  door¬ 
ways  in  said  walls  shall  have  fireproof  doors.  No  floor 
registers  for  heating  shall  be  permitted.  -No  coil  or 
radiator  shall  be  placed  in  any  aisle  or  passageway 
used  as  an  exit,  but  all  said  coils  and  radiators  shall 
be  placed  in  recesses  formed  in  the  wall  or  partition 
to  receive  the  same.  All  supply,  return  or  exhaust  pipes 
shall  be  properly  incased  and  protected  where  passing 
through  the  floor  or  near  woodwork. 

Section  463.  Heating  Furnaces  and  Boilers. 

Brick  set  boilers  shall  not  be  placed  on  any  wood 
or  combustible  floor  or  beams.  Wood  or  combustible 
floors  and  beams  under  and  not  less  than  three  (3) 
feet  in  front  and  one  (1)  foot  on  the  sides  of  all  port¬ 
able  boilers  shall  be  protected  by  a  brick  foundation 
of  three  (3)  courses  of  brickwork  well  laid  in  mortar 
on  sheet  iron.  The  middle  course  of  brickwork  shall 
be  laid  crosswise  and  with  ventilating  space  within  or 


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between  the  bricks  of  said  middle  course.  Such  sheet 
iron  shall  extend  at  least  twenty-four  (24)  inches  out¬ 
side  of  the  foundation  of  the  sides  and  'fronts.  Such 
boiler  shall  have  a  cast  iron  ash  pan  not  less  in  width 
than  the  base  of  the  boiler,  and  shall  extend  at  least 
two  (2)  feet  in  front  of  it.  All  lath  and  plaster  and 
wood  ceilings  and  beams  over  and  to  a  distance  of  not 
less  than  four  (4)  feet  in  front  of  all  boilers  shall  be 
shielded  with  metal.  Such  shields  shall  have  an  air 
space  of  not  less  than  one  (1)  inch  between  the  metal 
and  such  ceilings  or  beams,  and  the  distance  from  the 
top  of  the  boiler  to  said  shield  shall  be  not  less  than 
twelve  (12)  inches  and  not  less  than  twenty-four  (24) 
inches  from  the  smoke  pipes  that  are  more  than  twelve 
(12)  inches  in  diameter  and  not  less  than  eighteen 
(18)  inches  from  smoke  pipes  that  are  less  in  diameter. 
No  combustible  partition  shall  be  within  four  (4)  feet 
of  the  sides  and  back,  and  six  ^(6)  feet  from  the  front 
of  any  boiler  unless  such  partition  is  covered  with 
metal  to  a  height  of  at  least  three  (3)  feet  above  the 
floor  and  extending  at  least  five  (5)  feet  in  front  of 
the  boiler,  and  in  no  case  shall  any  protected  com¬ 
bustible  partition  be  less  than  two  (2)  feet  from  the 
sides  or  five  (5)  feet  from  the  front  of  the  boiler. 
All  power  boilers  of  forty-five  (45)  horsepower  and 
over  shall  have  at  least  sixteen  (16)  feet  of  clear  space 
in  front  of  the  same.  All  hot-air  furnaces  shall  be 
placed  not  less  than  two  (2)  feet  from  any  wood  or 
combustible  partitions  and  not  less  than  two  (2)  feet 
from  any  unprotected  ceiling  and  never  less  than  one 
(l)  foot  from  a  protected  ceiling.  Protected  ceilings 
shall  be  protected  by  a  metal  shield  with  an  air  space 
of  at  least  one  (1)  inch  between  the  metal  and  the 
ceiling.  No  hot-air  furnace,  heating  boiler  or  dryer 
shall  be  set  on  wood  floors. 

Section  464.  Registers. 

All  register  boxes  placed  in  any  floor  or  combustible  - 
partition  shall  be  of  metal  with  a  flange  on  the  top 
to  fit  the  groove  in  the  frame,  the  register  to  rest  upon 
the  same,  and  there  shall  be  a  space  of  at  least  two  (2) 
inches  between  the  register  box  and  any  woodwork. 
All  hot-air  pipes  and  ducts  shall  be  of  metal,  and 
where  placed  in  non-fireproof  walls,  partitions  or  floors 
shall  be  constructed  of  two  (2)  thicknesses  with  an  air 
chamber,  or  covered  with  two  (2)  thicknesses  of  heavy 
asbestos  paper  and  one-half  (Vi)  inch  space  between 


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the  asbestos  paper  and  woodwork.  When  not  more  than 
two  (2)  registers  are  connected  to  a  furnace,  at  least 
one  of  them  shad  have  no  valve  or  slats.  All  steam 
and  hot-water  heating  pipes  passing  through  any  non- 
fireproof .  floors  or  partitions  shall  have  metal  collars 
with  at  least  one-half  (J/2)  inch  space  all  around  the 
pipe. 

Section  465.  Kitchen  Ranges  and  Gas  Stoves. 

No  kitchen  range,  coal  range  or  stove  in  any  build¬ 
ing  shall  be  placed  less  than  six  (6)  inches  from  any 
protected  woodwork  or  wood  stud  partition,  and  all 
coal  stoves  and  ranges  shall  be  set  upon  metal,  brick, 
tile,  cement  or  other  approved  incombustible  material 
extending  at  least  one  (1)  foot  in  front  of  the  stove 
or  range.  All  gas  ranges  having  an  air  space  of  at 
least  six  (6)  inches  underneath  the  stove  may  be  set 
directly  on  a  wood  floor.  All  gas  stoves  and  heaters 
of  any  kind  must  have  flue  connections.  No  gas  stove, 
gas  range  or  gas  heater  shall  be  connected  by  rubber 
hose  connections.  All  receptacles  for  ashes  shall  be 
of  galvanized  iron,  brick  or  other  incombustible  mate¬ 
rial.  In  all  cases  where  hot  water,  steam,  hot  air  or 
other  heating  appliances  or  furnaces  are  placed  in  any 
building,  or  whether  any  flues  or  fireplaces  are  changed 
or  enlarged,  notice  of  such  change  shall  be  given  to 
the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  by  the  person  placing 
such  heating  appliances  or  making  such  changes  in  the 
building.  All  gas  plates  shall  be  placed  in  incombustible 
material. 

Section  466.  Chimneys,  Flues  and  Fireplaces. 

All  smoke  pipes  and  all  breeching  to  all  boilers, 
furnaces,  stoves,  ranges  and  fireplaces  shall  be  properly 
connected  with  stacks  or  flues.  All  stacks  and  flues 
shall  be  built  perfectly  fireproof.  All  fireplaces  and 
chimney  breasts,  where  mantels  are  placed,  shall  have 
trimmer  arches  to  support  the  hearths  and  shall  not 
be  less  than  twenty  (20)  inches  in  width  from  the 
face  of  the  chimney  breast,  and  shall  be  constructed 
of  brick,  stone,  burnt  clay  or  concrete,  and  shall  be  the 
length  of  the  chimney  breast.  Hearths  to  gas  grates, 
hereafter  placed  in  existing  buildings,  shall  be  secured 
by  iron  strap  arch  bars.  All  wood  centers  for  the  trim¬ 
mer  arches  must  be  removed.  No  woodwork  of  any 
mantel  shall  be  exposed  back  of  the  summer  piece,  and 
all  summer  pieces  shall  be  of  fireproof  material,  All 


Building  Code 


87 


stacks  and  flues  larger  than  seventeen  (17)  inches 
square,  shall  have  all  the  joints  on  the  inside  of  the 
flue  struck  full  and  flush.  All  flues  less  than  seventeen 
(17)  inches  square  shall  have  all  joints  made  perfectly 
tight  and  shall  be  well  pargeted,  or  burnt  flue  linings 
may  be  used.  When  the  flue  linings  are  used,  they  must 
be  set  up  ahead  of  the  brickwork,  so  that  all  joints 
are  perfectly  tight.  All  flues  thirteen  (13)  inches 
square  or  less  shall  have  at  least  four  (4)  inches  of 
brickwork  all  around  the  flue,  and  all  flues  and  stacks 
larger  than  thirteen  (13)  inches  square  must  have  at 
least  nine  (9)  inches  of  brickwork  around  the  flue. 
The  backs  of  all  fireplaces  shall  be  at  least  nine  (9) 
inches  in  thickness  of  solid  brickwork,  and  if  of  stone, 
there  must  be  at  least  four  (4)  inches  of  lining,  but  the 
backs  between  two  (2)  fireplaces  may  be  four  (4) 
inches  thick.  All  grates  set  in  fireplaces,  also  all  gas 
grates  installed  in  existing  buildings,  must  be  lined 
with  at  least  two  (2)  inches  of  fire  brick,  in  addition 
to  the  brickwork  above  mentioned,  unless  the  linings 
are  made  of  one  piece  of  soap  stone,  tile  or  cast  iron. 
No  wood  nailing  blocks  shall  be  built  into  the  backs 
of  fireplaces  or  within  thirteen  (13)  inches  of  any  flue. 
The  brickwork  for  the  smoke  flues  for  low-pressure 
boilers,  furnaces,  bakers’  ovens,  large  cooking  ranges, 
large  laundry  stoves,  shall  have  four  (4)  inches  of  ad¬ 
ditional  brickwork  above  specified  all  around  the  flue. 
For  eight  (8)  feet  above  the  inlet  of  the  flue,  the  same 
shall  be  lined  with  fire  brick.  The  walls  of  all  flues 
used  for  high-pressure  boilers  shall  not  be  less  than 
twelve  (12)  inches  all  around  the  flue,  and  shall  be 
lined  with  fire  brick  to  a  distance  of  twenty  (20)  feet 
above  the  inlet.  All  smoke  flues  for  smelting  furnaces 
and  steam  boilers,  or  other  apparatus  which  heat  the 
flues  to  a  high  temperature,  shall  have  an  air  space  be¬ 
tween  the  fire  brick  lining  and  the  walls  of  the  flues. 
All  smoke  flues  shall  extend  at  least  four  (4)  feet  above 
a  flat  roof  and  two  (2)  feet  above  the  highest  point  of  a 
peak  roof.  All  chimneys  shall  have  a  water-proof 
coping  on  top  of  the  same.  In  existing  buildings,  where 
it  is  desired  to  provide  larger  flues  for  any  purpose  than 
those  within  the  building,  such  flues  may  be  either 
erected  in  accordance  with  the  foregoing  provisions, 
or  a  stack  may  be  placed  on  the  outside  of  the  building 
within. the  lot  lines,  made  of  sheet  metal  of  sufficient 
thickness  best  suited  for  its  purpose,  properly  riveted 
together  at  all  joints,  and  carried  up  to  a  height  not 
less  than  ten  (10)  feet  above  the  roof,  and  shall  be 


88 


Building  Code 


properly  braced  at  intervals  for  its  entire  length,  with 
flat  iron  bands  secured  with  expansion  bolts  to  the  wall, 
leaving  a  free  air  space  of  not  less  than  four  (4)  inches 
between  the  outside  of  the  metal  flue  and  the  brick 
wall  of  the  building.  Such  stack  shall  have  a  clean-out 
door  at  the  bottom,  and  shall  rest  upon  a  suitable  cast 
iron  plate  at  the  bottom,  supported  on  a  foundation  of 
masonry. 

No  smoke  flue  hereafter  built  shall  be  less  than  8x8 
inches,  except  flues  for  gas  stoves  and  gas  grates,  which 
may  be  of  less  dimensions  when  made  of  pipe  or  tile- 
lined  flues,  but  shall  never  be  less  than  four  (4)  inches 
inside  diameter.  No  chimney  shall  be  started  or  built 
above  a  wood  floor  or  beam,  nor  shall  it  be  corbelled 
out  more  than  eight  (S’)  inches  from  any  wall,  and 
such  corbelling  shall  consist  of  at  least  five  (5)  courses 
of  brick.  All  chimneys  that  may  be  dangerous  in  any 
manner  whatever  shall  be  repaired  and  made  safe,  or 
shall  be  taken  down.  Iron  cupola  chimneys  of  foun¬ 
dries  shall  extend  at  least  ten  (10)  feet  above  the 
highest  point  of  any  roof  within  a  radius  of  fifty  (50) 
feet  of  such  cupola,  and  be  covered  on  top  with  a  heavy 
wire  netting,  and  capped  with  a  suitable  spark  arrester. 
No  woodwork  shall  be  placed  within  two  (2)  feet  of 
the  cupola.  In  every  tenement  house  there  shall  be  at 
least  one  separate  flue  for  each  apartment,  unless  the 
building  is  heated  by  a  central  plant.  In  buildings  not 
originally  constructed  for  tenement  houses,  but  here¬ 
after  altered  and  converted  for  tenement  house  pur¬ 
poses,  such  flues  and  chimneys  must  be  provided  and  so 
constructed  as  to  be'  safe  from  transmission  of  fire,  as 
may  be  approved  by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings. 
No  smoke  pipes  in  any  building  shall  be  run  through 
the  floors  and  partitions.  Flues  hereafter  built  for 
natural  gas  burners  shall  be  of  salt-glazed  vitrified 
earthenware,  having  tight  mortar  joints,  except  that  in 
existing  buildings  where  gas  grates  are  installed, 
wrought  iron  pipe  may  be  used,  but  must  be  protected 
from  any  woodwork. 

Section  467.  Fire  Walls. 

No  floor  area  subdivided  by  brick  walls  in  any  tene¬ 
ment  house  shall  be  greater  than  twenty-five  hundred 
(2,500)  square  feet.  No  floor  area  subdivided  by  brick 
walls  in  any  stores,  warehouses  or  factories,  more  than 
two  (2)  stories  in  height,  shall  be  greater  than  ten 
thousand  (10,000)  square  feet,  -except  in  fireproof 
buildings,  where  such  areas  may  be  fifteen  thousand 


Building  Code 


89 


(15,000)  square  feet,  and  in  sprinkled  fireproof  build¬ 
ings,  twenty  thousand  (20,000)  square  feet.  All  ex¬ 
terior  walls  of  all  stores,  warehouses  and  factories 
within  thirty  (30)  feet  of  any  other  building,  and  all 
party  and  subdividing  fire  walls  of  stores,  warehouses 
and  factories,  shall  extend  three  (3_)  'feet  above  the 
surface  of  their  roofs.  When  the  adjoining  roof  is  less 
than  three  (3)  feet  above  the  roof  of  such  store,  ware¬ 
house  or  factory,  such  walls  shall  be  carried  up  three 
(3)  feet  above  the  surface  of  the  adjoining  roof.  All 
walls  on  party  lines  of  all  other  buildings  shall  extend 
two  (2)  feet  above,  other  roofs.  All  cornices  shall  be 
provided  with  fireproof  ends  or  fire  stops,  and  all  fire 
walls  shall  be  extended  to  the  outer  edge  of  the  cor¬ 
nice  with  fireproofing  material  at  least  eight  (8)  inches 
above  the  surface  of  the  roof  or  gutter  or  cornice 
covering. 

Section  468.  Wells. 

(a)  Wells  that  occur  in  two  or  more  consecutive 
floors  in  existing  buildings  shall  be  inclosed  with  fire¬ 
proof  walls  or  fireproof  partitions  and  automatic  fire¬ 
proof  doors  and  windows.  The  street  story  of  such 
wells  may  be  left  open,  but  there  shall  be  no  open 
well  or  stair  from  the  stories  below  such  street  story. 

(b)  There  shall  be  no  open  wells  hereafter  con¬ 
structed  in  any  building,  whether  now  existing  or 
hereafter  built. 

Section  469.  Proscenium  Wall  in  Theaters. 

0 

The  stage  shall  be  separated  from  the  auditorium 
by  a  fire  wall  built  of  brick  or  concrete  extending  at 
least  four  (4)  feet  above  the  stage  roof  or  the  audi¬ 
torium  roof,  if  the  same  is  higher,  and  shall  be  prop¬ 
erly  coped.  Above  the  proscenium  opening  there  shall 
be  a  steel  or  concrete  girder  of  sufficient  strength  to 
safely  support  the  load  above,  and  the  same  shall  be 
thoroughly  fireproofed.  The  molded  frame  around  the 
proscenium  opening  shall  be  formed  of  fireproof  mate¬ 
rials.  and  if  metal  is  used  the  same  shall  be  filled  in 
solidly  with  non-combustible  material,  and  shall  be 
securely  anchored  to  the  wall  with  iron. 

Section  470.  Curtain  in  Theaters. 

The  proscenium  opening  shall  be  provided  with  a 
fireproofed  metal  curtain,  or  a  curtain  of  asbestos  or 
other  fireproof  material,  approved  by  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings,  sliding  at  each  end  within  iron  grooves, 


90 


Building  Code 


securely  fastened  to  the  brick  or  concrete  wall,  and 
extending  into  such  grooves  to  a  depth  of  not  less  than 
six  (6)  inches  on  each  side  of  the  opening.  Said 
fireproof  curtain  shall  be  operated  by  approved  machin¬ 
ery  for  that  purpose.  The  proscenium  curtains  shall  be 
placed  at  least  three  (3)  feet  distant  from  the  foot¬ 
lights  at  the  nearest  point.  No  doorway  or  opening 
through  the  proscenium  wall  from  the  auditorium  shall 
be  allowed  above  the  level  of  the  first  floor,  and  such 
first  floor  openings  shall  have  fireproof  doors  which 
shall  be  hung  so  as  to  be  opened  from  either  side  at 
all  times. 

^Section  470-1.  Every  person,  firm  or  corporation 
using  a  stage  for  the  exhibition  of  moving  pictures,  or 
for  other  purposes,  whereon  there  is  movable  scenery 
and  an  asbestos  curtain,  and  other  accessories  pertain¬ 
ing  to  the  working  of  a  theatrical  performance,  shall 
place  in  charge  thereof  at  least  one  (1)  competent  per¬ 
son  to  take  charge  of  said  stage. 

Section  470-2.  The  penalty  provided  by  Section  576 
of  the  Code  of  Ordinances  shall  apply  to  any  violation 
or  violations  of  the  provisions  of  Section  470-1. 

Section  471.  Property  Rooms  in  Theaters. 

No  workshop,  storage  or  general  property  rooms 
shall  be  allowed  above  the  auditorium  or  stage-  or  under 
the  same,  or  in  any  of  the  fly-galleries.  "All  of  said 
rooms  or  shops  may  be  located  in  the  rear  or  at  the 
side  of  the  stage,  but  in  such  cases  they  shall  be  sepa¬ 
rated  from  the  stage  by  a  brick  or  concrete  wall,  and 
the  openings  leading  into  said  portions  shall  have  fire¬ 
proof  doors  hung  on  each  side  of  the  openings,  hung 
to  iron  eyes  built  into  the  wall. 

Section  472.  Skylights  Over  the  Stage  in  The¬ 
aters. 

There  shall  be  provided  over  the  stage  metal  sky¬ 
lights  of  an  area  or  combined  area  of  at  least  one- 
twelfth  (1-12)  the  area  of  said  stage,  fitted  with  slid¬ 
ing  sash  and  glazed  with  sheet  glass  not  exceeding 
one-eighth  (%)  of  an  inch  thick,  and  each  pane  there¬ 
of  measuring  not  less  than  three  hundred  (300)  square 
inches,  and  the  whole  of  which  skylight  shall  be  con¬ 
structed  so  as  to  open  instantly  on  the  cutting  or  burn¬ 
ing  of  a  hempen  cord  which  shall  be  arranged  to  hold 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  599-15,  passed  No¬ 
vember  9,  1915. 


Building  Code 


91 


said  skylight  closed,  or  some  other  equally  simple  ap¬ 
proved  device  for  opening  them  may  be  provided.  Im¬ 
mediately  underneath  the  glass  of  said  skylight  there 
shall  be  a  wire  netting. 

Section  473. *  Fly  Galleries  in  Theaters. 

All  portion  of  the  stage  not  comprised  in  the  work¬ 
ing  of  machinery,  traps  and  other  mechanical  appa¬ 
ratus  for  the  presentation  of  a  scene,  usually  equal  to 
the  width  of  the  proscenium  openings,  shall  be  built  of 
fireproof  construction.  The  fly-galleries  entire,  includ¬ 
ing  pin-rails,  shall  be  constructed  of  iron  or  steel,  and 
the  floors  of  said  galleries  shall  be  composed  of  iron 
or  steel  beams,  and  no  wood  boards  or  sleepers  shall 
be  used  as  a  covering  over  beams,  but  the  said  floors 
shall  be  entirely  fireproof.  The  rigging  loft  must  also 
be  fireproof. 

Section  474.  Special  Fireproofing  in  Theaters. 

All  stage  scenery,  curtains  and  decorations  made  of 
combustible  material,  and  all  woodwork  on  or  about 
the  stage,  shall  be  painted^r  saturated  with  some  non¬ 
combustible  material  or  otherwise  rendered  safe  against 
fire,  and  the  finishing  coat  of  paint  applied  to  all  wood¬ 
work  throughout  the  building  shall  be  of  such  kind  as 
will  resist  fire  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings. 

Section  475.  D  ressing-Rooms  in  Theaters. 

Dressing  rooms  may  be  placed  in  the  fly-galleries, 
provided  that  proper  exits  are  secured  therefrom  to 
fire  escapes  in  the  open  spaces,  and  that  the  partitions 
and  other  matters  pertaining  to  dressing  rooms  shall 
conform  with  the  requirements  herein  contained,  and 
the  stairs  leading  to  the  same  shall  be  fireproof.  All 
dressing  rooms  shall  have  an  independent  exit  lead¬ 
ing  directly  to  the  open  space  or  street,  and  shall  be 
ventilated  by  windows  in  the  external  wall,  and  no 
dressing  room  shall  be  more  than  one  (1)  story  below 
the  street  level.  All  windows  shall  be  arranged  to 
open,  and  none  of  the  windows  in  the  outside  walls 
shall  have  fixed  sashes,  grilles  or  bars.  All  shelving 
and  cupboards  in  each  and  every  dressing  room,  prop¬ 
erty  room  or  other  storage  room  shall  be  constructed 
of  metal,  slate  or  some  other  fireproof  material. 

Section  476.  Lighting  in  Theaters. 

Every  portion  of  the  building  devoted  to  the  uses 
and  accommodation  of  the  public,  also  the  outlets  lead- 


92 


Building  Code 


ing  to  the  streets,  and  including  the  open  spaces  and 
corridors,  shall  be  well  and  properly  lighted  during 
every  performance,  and  the  same  shall  remain  lighted 
until  the  entire  audience  has  left  the  premises. 

All  gas  or  electric  lights  in  the  halls,  corridors,  lobby 
or  any  other  part  of  said  building  used  by  the  audi¬ 
ence,  except  the  auditorium,  must  be  controlled  by  a 
separate  shut-off,  located  in  the  lobby,  and  controlled 
only  in  that  particular  place.  Gas  mains  supplying  the 
building  shall  have  independent  connections  for  the 
auditorium  and  the  stage,  and  provision  shall  be  made 
for  shutting  off  the  gas  from  the  outside  of  the  build¬ 
ing.  When  interior  gaslights  are  not  lighted  by  elec¬ 
tricity,  other  suitable  appliances  approved  by  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings  shall  be  provided.  All  sus¬ 
pended  or  bracket  lights  surrounded  by  glass  in  the 
auditorium  or  in  any  part  of  the  building  devoted  to 
the  public,  shall  be  provided  with  proper  wire  netting 
underneath.  No  gas  or  electric  light  shall  be  inserted 
in  the  walls,  woodwork,  ceilings  or  in  any  part  of  the 
building  unless  protected  by  fireproof  material.  All 
lights  in  passages  and  corridors  in  said  buildings,  and 
wherever  deemed  necessary  by  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings,  shall  be  protected  with  proper  wire  network. 
The  footlights,  in  addition  to  the  wire  network,  shall 
be  protected  with  a  strong  wire  guard  and  chain,  placed 
not  less  than  two  (2)  feet  distant  from  said  footlights, 
and  the  trough  containing  said  footlights  shall  be  formed 
of  and  surrounded  by  fireproof  materials.  All  border 
lights  shall  be  constructed  according  to  the  best-known 
methods  and  subjected  to  the  approval  of  the  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Buildings,  and  shall  be  suspended  for  ten  (10) 
feet  with  wire  rope.  All  ducts  or  shafts  used  for  con¬ 
ducting  heated  air  from  the  main  chandelier,  or  from 
any  other  light  or  lights,  shall  be  constructed  of  metal 
and  made  double,  with  an  air  space  between.  All  stage 
lights  shall  have  strong  metal  wire  guards  or  screens 
not  less  than  ten  (10)  inches  in  diameter,  so  constructed 
that  any  material  in  contact  therewith  shall  be  out  of 
reach  of  the  flames  of  said  stage  lights,  and  must  be 
soldered  to  the  fixture  in  all  cases. 

Section  477.  Fire  Department. 

The  proper  operation  of  all  stand  pipes,  gas  pipes, 
electric  wires,  hose,  footlights  and  all  apparatus  for  the 
extinguishing  of  fire  or  guarding  against  the  same, 
as  herein  specified,  shall  be  in  charge  and  under  control 


Building  Code 


9:* 


of  the  Fire  Department,  and  the  Director  of  Public 
Safety,  is  hereby  directed  to  see  that  the  arrangements 
in  respect  thereto  are  carried  out  and  enforced. 

Section  478.  Electric  Wiring. 

Electric  wiring  hereafter  installed  in  all  fireproof 
buildings  shall  be  run  in  iron  conduits,  and  all  electric 
wiring  in  all  other  buildings  must  be  properly  insulated 
with  porcelain  insulators,  and  in  no  case  shall  they 
come  in  contact  with  any  soil  pipes,  water  or  heating 
pipes.  All  outlet  boxes  and  switch  boxes  shall  be  of 
metal,  and  all  cabinet  boxes  shall  be  of  metal  and  slate. 
All  wires  and  wiring  must  be  of  the  proper  gauge  for 
the  purpose  for  which  it  is  intended  to  be  used  without 
overloading,  and  all  wiring  must  conform  with  the  Na¬ 
tional  Electric  Code. 

The  lighting  in  dry-cleaning  buildings  must  be  done 
by  electricity  in  the  most  approved  manner,  the  wires 
to  be  run  in  conduits,  the  bulbs  to  be  hung  in  vapor- 
proof  receptacles,  and  all  keys  and  switches  to  be  out¬ 
side  of  said  building.  Movable  incandescent  lights  in  a 
garage  shall  be  protected  by  vapor-tight  globes,  inclosed 
in  approved  metal  guards,  and  shall  be  fitted  with  key¬ 
less  sockets;  and  all  electric  switches  and  cut-outs  shall 
be  permanently  located  at  least  four  (4)  feet  above  the 
floor  and  in  an  approved  cabinet. 

Section  479.  Gas  Piping  and  Fixtures. 

All  gas  piping  in  any  building  shall  be  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  the  rules  and  regulations  prescribed  by  the 
local  gas  and  electric  company,  which  rules  and  regu¬ 
lations  are  hereby  made  a  part  of  the  requirements 
of  this  code.  All  gas  pipe  shall  be  perfectly  tight  and 
tested  before  the  floors  are  laid  or  covered  with  lath 
or  plaster.  The  installation  of  gas  pipe  shall  be  sub¬ 
ject  to  the  approval  of  the  Commissioner  of  Build¬ 
ings.  No  gas  pipe  shall  be  let  into  wood  beams  or  cut 
into  the  other  structural  portions  of  the  house  so  as 
to  unduly  weaken  the  same.  All  gas  brackets  shall  be 
placed  at  least  three  (3)  feet  below  any  ceiling  or 
woodwork,  unless  the  same  is  properly  protected  by  a 
shield,  in  which  case  the  distance  shall  never  be  less 
than  eighteen  (18)  inches.  No  gas  bracket  on  any 
lathed  or  plastered  partition  or  woodwork  shall  be  less 
than  five  (5)  inches  in  length,  and  all  swinging  gas 
brackets  shall  be  provided  with  stops  to  prevent  them 
from  swinging  within  five  (5)  inches  of  any  wood- 


94 


Building  Code 


work.  No  gas  brackets  shall  be  placed  near  window 
curtains  or  inflammable  materials. 

Section  480.  Dry-Cleaning  Business. 

It  shad  be  unlawful  for  any  person,  persons,  firm  or 
corporation  to  carry  on  the  dry-cleaning  business,  as 
defined  in  Section  352-15  of  this  code,  in  the  City  of 
Cincinnati,  without  complying  with  the  regulations  here- 
inbelow  set  forth,  and  in  Sections  457  and  478  herein. 

(a)  No  storage  or  dry-cleaning  building  shall  be 
placed,  installed,  constructed  or  maintained  until  an 
application  for  permission  to  do  so,  with  plans  and  spec¬ 
ifications  showing  full  details  of  location,  construction 
and  connections,  have  been  filed  with  and  approved  by 
the  Commissioner  of  Buildings.  Upon  the  filing  of 
ever)'  such  application  the  applicant  shall  pay  to  the  said 
Commissioner  a  filing  and  inspection  fee  of  two  dollars. 

(b)  No  such  business  as  defined  in  said  section  352- 
15,  shall  be  carried  on  except  in  a  fireproof  building, 
not  more  than  one  story  high,  with  no  basement  be¬ 
neath  it;  which  building  'must  be  of  brick  laid  in 
cement  mortar,  iron,  stone  or  concrete  construction, 
with  no  openings  closer  to  any  other  building  than 
fifty  (50)  feet.  The  doors  of  said  building  must  be  of 
the  most  improved  pattern  of  automatic  fire  doors  on 
sliding  rails,  and  the  frames  and  sash  of  all  windows 
shall  be  of  metal  and  glazed  with  wire  glass,  or  pro¬ 
tected  by  fireproof  automatic  shutters.  The  floors  of 
said  building  shall  be  of  cement  construction,  having  a 
fall  in  all  directions  to  a  gutter,  which  gutter  shall  be 
of  a  capacity  equal  to  carry  off  twice  the  amount  of 
liquids  used  in  said  building.  The  walls  shall  have 
vent  holes  at  the  floor  line  not  less  than  ten  (10)  inches, 
and  not  more  than  six  (6)  feet  apart  from  center  to 
center,  properly  protected  by  iron  bars  or  other  im¬ 
proved  means  of  ventilation.  In  order  to  further  ven¬ 
tilate  said  building  an  exhaust  fan  shall  be  set  in  the 
wall  close  to  the  floor,  which  is  of  a  size  sufficient  to 
change  the  air  of  the  building  every  three  minutes,  and 
said  fan  shall  be  in  operation  at  all  times  during  the 
use  of  said  building. 

(c)  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  heat  said  buildings  by  any 
other  method  than  hot  water  or  steam;  or  to  locate, 
have,  use  or  maintain  a  steam-generating  boiler,  dyna¬ 
mo  or  motor  within  the  walls  of  any  such  dry-cleaning 
building,  or  in  any  other  building  adjacent  nearer  than 
ten  (10)  feet,  and.  there  shall  be  no  sewer  connection 
from  said  building. 


Building  Code 


95 


(d)  All  volatile  substances  shall  be  stored  in  closed 
tanks,  and  no  storage  tanks  shall  be  placed,  constructed, 
or  maintained  under  a  public  sidewalk  or  in  a  sidewalk 
area. 

(e)  All  storage  tanks  shall  be  constructed  of  steel 
and  coated  on  the  outside  with  tar,  or  other  rust- 
resisting  material.  The  material,  of  all  tanks  shall  be 
at  least  three-sixteenths  (3-16)  of  an  inch  thick.  No 
tank  shall  have  a  capacity  in  excess  of  250  gallons;  all 
joints  must  be  tightly  caulked.  All  pipes  connected 
with  the  tank  shall  be  at  the  top  thereof;  all  tanks 
must  be  so  buried  that  no  part  of  the  top  thereof 
shall  be  less  than  two  (2)  feet  beneath  the  surface  of 
the  ground,  at  the  point  where  the  tank  is  located ; 
all  tanks  must  be  completely  cased  and  surrounded  with 
twelve  (12)  inches  of  Portland  cement  concrete,  well 
tamped  in  place. 

(f)  All  storage  tanks  must  be  provided  with  a  vent 
pipe;  the  vent  pipe  shall  be  made  of  one-inch  or  larger 
wrought  iron  or  steel  pipe,  galvanized,  with  heavy  cast 
iron  fittings  and  screw  joints  made  with  litharge  and 
glycerine ;  it  must  be  connected  with  the  top  of  the 
tank.  All  pipes  must  be  provided  at  the  top  with  a 
screening  of  thirty-mesh  brass  wire,  with  goose-neck 
attachments ;  all  vent  pipes  must  be  carried  to  the  outer 
air,  well  braced  in  position  and  extended  two  (2)  feet 
above  the  roof  of  all  buildings  within  a  radius  of  fifty 
(50)  feet  thereof. 

(g)  No  volatile  substances  shall  be  used  for  cleaning 
purposes  only  in  closed  machines,  and  must  be  conveyed 
from  the  tanks  to  the  machines  only  in  pipes  by  the  use 
of  pumps  or  syphons  properly  controlled  by  valves,  and 
it  shall  be  unlawful  to  handle  oil  between  machine  and 
tank,  or  vice  versa,  in  any  other  way. 

(h)  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  carry,  store  or  settle  any 
of  said  volatile  substances  in  open  vessels  or  tanks. 

(i)  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  carry  more  than  five  hun¬ 
dred  (500)  gallons  of  said  volatile  substances  on  hand 
at  any  one  time,  and  then  only  under  the  conditions 
above  specified  in  this  title. 

(j)  All  tanks  must  be  provided  with  a  filling  pipe; 
the  filling  pipe  shall  be  made  of  two-inch,  or  larger, 
steel  pipe,  galvanized,  with  heavy  cast-iron  fittings  and 
screw  joints  made  with  litharge  and 'glycerine,  and  no 
unions  or  flange  connections  shall  be  permitted ;  the 
filling  pipe  shall  be  provided  with  two  (2)  screens  of 
thirty-mesh  brass  wire,  placed  one  at  or  near  the  tank 


96 


Building  Code 


connection  and  one  just  below  the  tilling  cock  or  valve; 
the  tilling  pipe  shall  be  closed  at  intake  by  a  filling  cock 
or  valve,  the  opening  of  which  shall  be  closed  by  a 
screw  cap  when  not  in  use ;  the  filling  pipe  shall  connect 
with  the  top  and  extend  down  to  the  bottom  of  the  tank, 
and  shall  be  laid  at  a  uniform  grade,  so  that  it  will 
drain  entirely  into  the  tank ;  the  intake  end  of  the  filling 
pipe  shall  not  be  within  any  building,  and  shall  termi¬ 
nate  in  a  covered  box  of  heavy  iron,  same  to  be  the 
level  of  the  ground,  to  be  kept  locked  when  not  in  use. 

(k)  Dry-rooms  may  be  located  outside  of  the  said 
dry-cleaning  building,  and  shall  have  a  six-inch  vent 
opening  into  the  atmosphere  for  each  two  hundred  and 
fifty-six  (256)  feet  of  cubic  space,  or  fraction  thereof; 
said  vent  pipes  shall  be  carried  up  to  height  of  two  (2) 
feet  above  the  roof  of  any  building  within  a  radius  of 
fifty  (50)  feet  thereof. 

(l)  Any  person,  firm  or  corporation  that  now  have, 
or  shall  establish,  or  carry  on  a  dry-cleaning  business 
in  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  Sections  480-a- 
b-c-d-e-f-g-h-i-j-k  shall,  on  conviction,  be  punished  by 
a  fine  of  not  less  than  ten  ($10)  dollars  nor  more  than 
fifty  (50)  dollars  for  each  day’s  continuance  in  said 
business,  and  the  cost  of  prosecution. 

Section  481.  Public  Garages. 

Public  garages  shall  be  fireproof  buildings,  and  all 
existing  garages  must  be  made  at  least  slow-burning 
and  have  fireproof  floors  where  vehicles  are  placed, 
and  in  other  respects  they  shall  conform  with  the  fol¬ 
lowing  provisions :  All  public  garages  shall  be  en¬ 
tirely  separated  by  solid  walls  of  brick  or  concrete 
from  any  and  all  portions  of  such  building  used  for  any 
other  purpose.  Heating  must  be  done  by  steam  or  hot 
water.  The  boiler-room  and  any  room  where  electric 
charging  apparatus  is  used  must  be  fireproof,  and  all 
openings  between  such  rooms  and  other  parts  of  the 
garage  shall  be  protected  by  automatic  double  fire¬ 
proof  doors  on  each  side  of  the  wall ;  no  stoves,  forges, 
torches  or  furnaces,  and  no  open  flame  fire  except  as 
provided  in  fireproof  boiler-room,  no  lights  except  elec¬ 
tric  incandescent  lights,  properly  inclosed  in  vapor- 
tight  globes,  protected  by  approved  wire  guards,  shall 
be  used  or  allowed  in  any  garage.  All  fire  and  lights 
on  vehicles  or  under  the  boilers  thereof  shall  be  ex¬ 
tinguished  upon  the  entry  of  such  vehicles  into  the 
garage  within  ten  (10)  feet  of  the  threshold,  and 
shall  not  be  lighted  while  the  same  is  in  the 


Building  Code 


97 


garage  until  the  vehicle  is  brought  within  ten 
(10)  feet  of  the  threshold  of  the  exit.  No  person 
shall  smoke  in  any  garage.  A  notice  in  large  letters, 
“NO  SMOKING/’  shall  be  kept  displayed  in  a  con¬ 
spicuous  place  and  manner  on  all  floors  and  at  the  en¬ 
trance  of  all  garages.  On  the  floor  of  every  garage 
there  shall  be  constantly  kept  and  maintained  con¬ 
venient  receptacles  filled  with  sand,  to.be  used  in  ab¬ 
sorbing  waste  oils  on  the  floors.  In  addition  thereto, 
sand  shall  be  kept  on  every  floor  in  boxes  or  buckets 
of  approved  construction,  provided  with  hand  scoops, 
to  be  used  for  fire  extinguishing  purposes  only;  one 
such  box  or  bucket  for  each  one  thousand  (1,000) 
square  feet  of  floor  area  or  fraction  thereof.  One 
three  (3)  gallon  carbonic  acid  gas  fire  extinguisher  of 
approved  construction  shall  be  provided  and  conve¬ 
niently  located  for  each  one  thousand  (1,000)  square 
feet  of  floor  space  or  fraction  thereof.  Self-closing 
metal  cans,  set  firmly  on  four  (4)  inch  legs,  shall  be 
kept  on  all  floors  of  every  garage  into  which  all  inflam¬ 
mable  waste  materials  shall  be  deposited.  Calcium  car¬ 
bide  shall  be  kept  in  air-tight  receptacles  at  least  six 
(6)  inches  above  the  floor  in  an  air-tight  container 
provided  with  a  securely  fastened  cover;  if  there  be  a 
boiler  compartment,  the  container  shall  be  located 
within  the  same.  \ 

*Section  482.  Storage  and  Handling  of  Volatile 
Substances. 


All  volatile  substances  used  in  public  garages  and 
automobile  filling  stations  shall  be  stored  in  closed 
tanks  as  follows  :  All  tanks  shall  be  of  steel,  coated 
on  the  outside  with  tar  or  other  rust-resisting  material, 
and  all  joints  shall  be  tightly  corked  or  soldered.  The 
thickness  of  the  material  shall  be  as  set  forth  in  the 
following  table  : 

Gallons  Minimum  Thickness  of 

Capacity  Each  Material 


1  to  30 . 18  gauge 

31  to  350 .  16  gauge 

351  to  1,000  .  14  gauge 

1,001  to  3,000  . 10  gauge 

3,001  to  5,000  .  7  gauge 

5,001  to  10,000  . T4  inch 

10,001  to  20.000  .  . .  : .  5/i6  inch 

20,001  to  30,000  . inch 


*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  335-16,  passed  Au¬ 
gust  1,  1916. 


98 


Building  Code 


All  tanks  shall  be  set  on  a  firm  foundation,  and  shall 
be  completely  cased  and  surrounded  with  six  (6)  inches 
of  waterproof  Portland  cement  concrete,  well  tamped 
in  place,  and  shall  be  located  underground,  so  that  the 
top  of  the  tank  shall  be  at  least  three  (3)  feet  below  the 
surface  of  the  ground  and  below  the  level  of  the  lowest 
pipe  in  the  building  to  be  supplied.  All  pipes  connected 
with  the  tank  shall  be  at  the  top  thereof.  Tanks  may 
be  permitted  underneath  a  building  if  buried  at  least 
three  (3)  feet  below  the  lowest  floor.  Tank  may  have 
a  test  well,  provided  test  well  extends  to  near  bottom 
of  tank,  and  top  end  shall  be  hermetically  sealed  and 
locked  except  when  necessarily  open.  When  tank  is 
located. underneath  a  building  the  test  well  shall  extend 
at  least  twelve  (12)  feet  above  the  source  of  supply. 
The  limit  of  storage  permitted  shall  depend  upon  the 
location  of  tanks  with  respect  to  the  building  to  be  sup¬ 
plied  and  adjacent  buildings  as  follows  : 

(a)  Unlimited  capacity  if  lower  than  any  floor, 
basement,  cellar  or  pit  in  any  building  within  a  radius 
of  fifty  (50)  feet. 

(b)  Twenty  thousand  (20,000)  gallons  total  ca¬ 
pacity  if  lower  than  any  floor,  basement,  cellar  .or  pit 
in  any  building  within  a  radius  of  thirty  (30)  feet. 

(c)  Five  thousand  (5,000)  gallons  total  capacity 
if  lower  than  any  floor,  basement,  cellar  or  pit  in  any 
building  within  twenty  (20)  feet  radius. 

(d)  Three  thousand  (3,000)  gallons  total  capacity  if 
lower  than  any  floor,  basement,  cellar  or  pit  in  any 
building  within  fifteen  (15)  feet  radius. 

(e)  One  thousand  five  hundred  (1.500)  gallons  total 
capacity  if  lower  than  any  floor,  basement,  cellar  or 
pit  in  any  building  within  ten  (10)  feet  radius. 

(f)  Five  hundred  (500)  gallons  total  capacity  if  not 
lower  than  every  floor,  basement,  cellar  or  pit  in  any 
building  within  ten  (10)  feet. 

No  more  than  ten  (10)  gallons  of  volatile  substance 
shall  be  kept  in  vessels  in  a  garage,  and  then  only  in 
approved  safety  cans  constructed  of  metal,  self-closing, 
and  of  a  capacity  of  not  more  than  five  (5)  gallons 
each.  When  not  in  use  the  said  cans  must  be  placed 
and  kept  in  drip  cans,  and  in  garages  maintaining  a 
pumphouse  must  be  placed  therein.  In  lieu  of  the 
above  described  safety  cans  portable  filling  tanks  of 
approved  construction,  not  to  exceed  fifty  (50)  gallons 
in  capacity,  may  be  used  for  transporting  volatile  sub¬ 
stances  to  and  from  the  storage  tanks  for  filling  and 


Building  Code 


99 


charging  vehicles.  The  said  portable  tanks  shall  be 
supported  on  rubber-tired  wheels  and  shall  be  provided 
with  a  rubber  hose  attachment  not  to  exceed  eight  (8) 
feet  in  length,  equipped  at  the  end  with  shut-off  valve 
with  ground  key.  No  volatile  substance  shall  be  used 
in  a  garage  for  cleaning  or  for  any  other  purpose  what-' 
soever  than  filling  tanks  of  such  vehicles.  No  such 
substance  shall  be  allowed  to  run  upon  the  floor  or  to 
fall  or  pass  into  the  drainage  system  of  the  garage; 
nor  shall  any  of  such  substance  be  put  into  or  removed 
from  the  tank  of  the  vehicle  while  any  light  or  fire  on 
same  is  burning,  and  no  such  substance  shall  be  carried 
or  kept  in  open  vessels  in  any  garage. 

Section  483.  Storage  of  Oils,  etc. 

Buildings  for  the  storage  and  handling  of  oils, 
petroleum,  crude  petroleum,  gasoline,  naphtha,  benzine, 
camphine,  carbon  oil,  spirit  gas,  burning  fluid,  spirits 
of  turpentine,  or  coal,  rock  or  earth  oil,  except  oils 
that  will  stand  a  fire  test  of  150  degrees  or  more  in 
the  open  air,  shall  be  used  for  such  purposes  only. 
Such  buildings  shall  be  fireproof.  All  such  oils,  in 
larger  quantities  than  twenty-five  (25)  gallon  cans, 
shall  be  stored  in  closed  tanks.  Such  tanks  shall  either 
be  entirely  buried  and  incased  in  concrete,  or  they  shall 
each  be  surrounded  completely  by  a  room  having  a 
cubic  contents  twenty-five  (25)  per  cent  greater  than 
the  capacity  of  the  tank.  The  walls  of  such  rooms  shall 
be  constructed  of  brick  and  Portland  cement  or  of 
concrete,  and  have  concrete  floors;  the  walls  and  floors 
are  to  be  perfectly  water  and  oil  tight.  Such  room 
shall  be  closed  on  top  and  provided  with  a  suitable  vent 
covered  with  a  fine  screen  sufficient  to  exclude  all 
sparks.  The  walls  and  screens  shall  be  at  least  three 
(3)  feet  higher  than  the  top  of  the  tanks.  No  oils 
shall  be  drained  into  the  sewer,  and  the  draining  of  all 
spaces  in  the  building  shall  be  through  a  grease  trap 
or  cistern.  Such  cistern  shall  have  a  capacity  above  its 
outlet  equal  to  the  largest  tank  in  the  building,  and 
drains  to  all  places  in  such  building  shall  have  valves. 

""Section  484.  Motion  Picture  Machines. 

The  term  “Motion  Picture  Machine”  includes  any 
machine  or  device  adapted  or  used  to  project  upon  a 
screen  or  other  surface  pictures  portraying  motion, 

*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  G78-12,  passed  De¬ 
cember  10,  1912. 


100 


Building  Code 


and  apparatus  utilizing  the  principles  of  optical  pro¬ 
jection  using  lantern  slides,  films  or  transparencies 

consisting  of  materials  other  than  glass. 

'  •  .  > 

Sec.  484a.  Every  moving-picture  machine  shall  be 

in  charge  of  and  operated  by  a  competent  and  licensed 
operator.  Whenever  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings 
shall  become  satisfied  that  the  operator  is  incompetent 
or  disqualified,  for  any  cause,  he  shall  order  him  to 
discontinue  the  operation  of  such  moving  picture  ma¬ 
chine,  and  may  require  the  owner  or  person  managing 
or  controlling  the  moving  picture  machine  to  replace 
the  said  operator  .by  a  competent  licensed  operator. 

*Sec.  484b.  There  is  hereby  created  a  Board  of 
Examiners,  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  examine  operators 
of  moving  picture  machines.  The  said  board  shall 
consist  of  an  electrician,  the  owner  of  a  motion  picture 
theater,  a  practical  journeyman  moving  picture  machine 
operator  and  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  who  shall 
be  an  ex-officio  member  of  such  examining  board  and 
serve  without  compensation.  The  other  members  shall 
be  appointed  by  the  Mayor  for  a  term  coincident  with 
his  own,  and  each  member  shall  receive  the  sum  of 
five  ($5.00)  dollars  for  each  examination  conducted  by 
them,  but  such  compensation  shall  not  exceed  the  sum 
of  ten  ($10.00)  dollars  per  month  for  each  of  said  ap¬ 
pointed  members. 

*Sec,  484b-l.  Except  as  hereinafter  provided,  any 
person  desiring  to  follow,  engage  in  or  work  at  the  oc¬ 
cupation  of  operating  moving  picture  machines  in  this 
city  shall  make  application  to  the  Board  of  Examiners, 
and  deposit  with  his  application  a  fee  of  two  ($2.00) 
dollars,  after  which  he  shall  be  examined  by  the  Board 
of  Examiners  as  to  his  knowledge  of  electricity  and 
wiring  in  so  far  as  they  pertain  to  moving  pictures, 
also  as  to  the  applicant's  knowledge  of  the  operation 
and  mechanism  of  moving  picture  machines  and  the  re¬ 
pair  of  films  and  the  prevention  of  combustion  and  the 
mechanism  of  the  booth. 

Sec.  484b-2.  The  applicants  for  said  examination 
shall  be  known  and  designated  by  sealed  numbers, 
promiscuously  distributed  by  said  Board  of  Examiners, 
so  that  the  names  of  the  respective  applicants  may 
not  be  known  to  the  examiners,  which  numbers  are 
to  be  indorsed  upon  the  answers  to  the  questions  sub- 

*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  106-15,  passed  Feb¬ 
ruary  9,  1915. 


Building  Code 


1(H 


mitted.  If  the  board,  upon  request  of  an  applicant, 
find  the  applicant  to  be  unable  to  express  himself  in 
writing,  he  shall  have  the  questions  propounded  to  him 
by  a  stenographer,  designated  by  the  board,  who  shall 
take  down  and  write  out  his  answers  at  the  applicant's 
expense.  The  board  shall  also  examine  each  applicant 
by  having  him  make  a  practical  demonstration  of  his 
ability  and  knowledge  of  the  aforesaid  subjects  in  a 
moving-picture  booth. 

Sec.  484b-3.  Upon  the  percentage  of  the  respective 
applicants  so  designated  by  numbers  being  determined, 
the  applicant  shall  surrender  said  number  and  be  en¬ 
titled  to  credit  for  the  average  and  percentage  thus 
obtained.  Those  receiving  a  grade  of  70  per  cent,  or 
more,  on  the  written  and  practical  examination  combin¬ 
ed  shall  each  be  entitled  to  a  license. 

Sec.  484b-4.  Examinations  shall  be  held  at  least 
once  a  month  upon  a  stated  day,  and  oftener  if  the 
board  so  determine;  and  the  board  shall,  upon  appli¬ 
cation  of  three  or  more  candidates,  hold  an  examination 
within  two  weeks  thereafter. 

Sec.  484b-5.  Any  person  who  has  had  one  year  of 
actual  experience  as  a  moving-picture  machine  operator 
shall,  upon  satisfactory  proof  of  such  fact  to  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings,  be  entitled  to  a  certificate;  and 
upon  presentation  of  said  certificate  to  the  City  Auditor 
said  applicant  shall  be  granted  a  temporary  license  good 
only  until  the  next  ensuing  examination  is  held  by  the 
board. 

Sec.  484b-6.  Any  person  who  has  passed  an  ade¬ 
quate  examination  by  properly  constituted  authorities 
in  any  other  city  or  State,  who*  has  had  six  months’ 
actual  experience  as  a  moving-picture  operator,  shall, 
upon  satisfactory  proof  of  such  fact  to  the  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Buildings,  receive  a  proper  certificate,  and 
upon  presentation  of  said  certificate  to  the  City  Auditor 
said  applicant  shall  be  granted  a  temporary  license  good 
only  until  the  next  ensuing  examination  is  held  by  the 
board. 

Sec.  484b-7.  If  an  applicant  passes  a  satisfactory  ex¬ 
amination,  the  Board  of  Examiners  shall  so  certify  to 
the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  and  the  said  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Buildings  shall  issue  to  said  applicant  a  cer¬ 
tificate  of  such  fact;  and  upon  presentation  of  such  a 
certificate  to  the  City  Auditor  said  applicant  shall  be 
granted  a  license. 


102 


Building  Code 


Sec.  484b-8.  No  license  shall  be  issued  except  upon 
the  certificate  of  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  and 
all  licenses  shall  be  of  the  date  of  February  1st,  re¬ 
newable  annually,  and  the  said  license  shall  authorize 
the  applicant  to  engage  in  the  business  herein  described, 
and  each  applicant  shall  pay  the  sum  of  -$1.C0  for  the 
first  license  and  $1.00  for  each  renewal  thereof. 

*Sec.  484b-9.  Any  person  holding  a  license  as  here¬ 
in  provided  shall  be  entitled  to  a  renewal  without  fur¬ 
ther  examination  or  certificate  from  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings,  and  the  Auditor  shall  be  entitled  to  a  fee 
of  one  ($1.00)  dollar  for  each  renewal. 

Sec.  484b-10.  Any  person  who  has  taken  the  exami¬ 
nation  before  said  board  as  hereinbefore  provided, 
and  failed  to  pass,  may,  by  notifying  said  board  in  writ¬ 
ing  within  five  days  thereafter  and  with  the  consent  of 
at  least  one  of  said  board,  have  the  record  questions 
and  answers  certified  to  the  Director  of  Public  Safety, 
and  appeal  said  cause.  Thereupon  the  Director  of  Pub¬ 
lic  Safety  shall  go  over  said  papers  and  records  within 
one  week  thereafter,  and  if  he  shall  find  that  said  ap¬ 
plicant  should  have  passed  he  shall  so  notify  said 
board;  and  thereupon  said  applicant  shall  have  the  same 
rights,  certificates  and  license  as  if  originally  passed  by 
said  Board  of  Examiners. 

Sec.  484b-ll.  All  moneys  derived  from  the  exami¬ 
nation  of  applicants  and  the  issuance  of  licenses  and 
renewals  thereof  herein  provided  shall  be  deposited  to 
the  credit  of  the  General  Fund,  and  no  person  shall 
follow,  engage  in  or  work  at  the  occupation  of  operating 
such  moving-picture  machines  until  he  shall  have  first 
procured  the  license  herein  provided. 

Sec.  484b-12.  Any  person  operating  a  moving-pic¬ 
ture  machine  without  first  complying  with  the  terms 
of  this,  ordinance  shall  be  fined  $10.00,  and  each  day 
upon  which  such  operation  shall  occur  shall  be  held  to 
constitute  a  separate  offense. 

jSec.  484c.  Mechanism  of  Moving  Picture  Ma¬ 
chines. 

The  mechanism  shall  be  so  constructed  that  a  straight 
line  drawn  from  any  point  on  the  surface  of  the  out- 


*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  1C6-15,  passed  Feb¬ 
ruary  9,  1915. 

JAs  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  678-12,  passed  De¬ 
cember  10,  1912.. 


Building  Code 


103 


side  condenser  to  any  point  on  that  portion  of  the  film 
exposed  between  the  rollers  of  the  lower  and  the  upper 
magazine,  except  that  portion  of  the  film  lying  at  the 
aperture  plate,  shall  pass  through  metal  of  at  least  No. 
928  Brown  &  Sharpe  gauge. 

All  machines  shall  be  provided  with  metallic  lire 
shutter  that  shall  remain  closed  covering  that  portion 
of  the  film  lying  at  the  aperture  plate  at  all  times  when 
the  crank  of  the  machine  is  not  being  rotated  at  a  num¬ 
ber  of  revolutions  that  shall  cause  the  film  to  pass 
through  the  mechanism  at  a  speed  of  more  than  thirty 
(30)  feet  per  minute. 

The  operation  of  said  shutter  shall  be  controlled  by 
a  proper  mechanical  device.  The  shutter  shall  close 
automatically  when  the  period  of  revolution  of  the  crank 
shall  fall  below  that  period  of  revolution  provided  for 
the  opening  of  the  shutter. 

Mechanism  shall  be  provided  with  two  substantially 
constructed  magazines  or  metallic  cases  to  contain  the 
film  during  the  process  of  projection,  and  said  maga¬ 
zines  shall  be  provided  with  doors  or  covers  overlapping 
at  least  one-quarter  (%)  inch,  having  spring  hinges 
holding,  or  so  .designed  as  to  hold,  said  doors  or  covers 
normally  closed,  and  no  fittings  or  appliances  shall  he 
attached  to  said  magazines  for  the  purpose  of  holding 
the  door  open,  or  that  may  be  used  to  secure  the  door 
in  an  open  position. 

The  doors  of  all  magazines  shall  be  provided  with  a 
latch  to  secure  them  in  a  closed  position.  In  the  cir¬ 
cumference  of  each  magazine  there  shall  be  provided 
a  single  outlet  for  the  film  constructed  in  such  manner 
that  the  film  shall  pass  between  the  metallic  rollers, 
said  rollers  to  be  arranged  so  that  they  are  in  contact 
with  the  film  while  same  is  passing  through. 

The  operation  of  these  rollers  shall  be  such  that  a 
piece  of  film  placed  in  normal  position  between  the  rol¬ 
lers  may  be  ignited  and  all  combustion  shall  be  extin¬ 
guished  when  the  flame  reaches  the  rollers. 

*Sec.  484d.  Lamp  House  for  Moving  Picture  Ma¬ 
chines. 

The  lamp  house  shall  he  constructed  of  not  less  than 
No.  28  gauge  sheet  metal  reinforced  to  procure  suitable 
rigidity.  The  lamp  shall  he  provided  with  sufficient 
ventilating  openings  to  permit  a  circulation  of  air  that 
shall  prevent  undue  heating. 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  078-12,  passed*  De¬ 
cember  10,  1912. 


104 


Building  Code 


All  direct  ventilating  openings  in  the  lamp  house 
other  than  doors  inside  shall  be  covered  with  metallic 
screens  of  a  mesh  not  greater  than  one-sixteenth  (1-16) 
of  an  inch. 

The  lamp  house  shall  be  constructed  in  such  a  man¬ 
ner  that  the  back  thereof  is  entirely  closed.  Said  back 
may  be  removable,  but  shall  be  in  place  at  all  times 
when  the  machine  is  in  operation. 

1  he  lamp  house  shall  be  so  constructed  that  the  top 
can  not  be  removed,  and  the  said  top  shall  be  formed 
integral  with  one  wall,  one  side  or  one  end  of  tli#  lamp 
house,  and  shall  be  secured  in  place  by  rivets. 

There  may  be  a  door  provided  for  access  to  the  light, 
in  either  one  or  two  sides  of  the  lamp  house.  There 
shall  be  no  openings  in  the  lamp  house  on  the  end 
through  which  the  light  is  projected  other  than  the 
opening  through  which  the  light  passes  to  the  con¬ 
denser  lenses. 

Holes  in  the  lamp  house  through  which  electric  wires 
leading  to  the  lamp  pass  shall  be  provided  with  bush¬ 
ings  of  porcelain  or  other  approved  material. 

There  shall  be  provided  a  metallic  shutter  permitting 
instant  and  complete  interruption  of  the  projected  beam 
of  light,  placed  as  near  as  practicable  in  front  of  the 
condenser  lenses. 

The  lamp  shall  be  constructed  in  such  a  manner  that 
it  shall  not  he  possible  to  bring  the  carbons  or  the 
current-carrying  parts  of  the  lamp  in  contact  with  ap¬ 
portion  of  the  lamp  house,  and  neither  the  support  for 
the  lamp  or  any  portion  of  the  lamp  house  shall  form 
part  of  electrical  circuit. 

The  electric  wires  connecting  moving  picture  ma¬ 
chines  to  source  of  supply  shall  have  asbestos  or  other 
approved  insulation  ;  all  connecting  wires  shall  be  pro¬ 
vided  with  metallic  terminals  attached  without  the  use 
of  solder.  . 

Mechanism  and  all  parts  of  the  motion  picture  ma¬ 
chine  proper  shall  be  securelv  attached  to  the  stand. 
Said  stand  shall  be  constructed  in  a  substantial  manner, 
assuring  rigidity.  There  shall  be  provided  means  to  per¬ 
mit  securely  attaching  the  stand  to  the  floor  of  the  oper¬ 
ating  room,  and  said  stand  shall  be  so  attached  in  all 
permanent  installations.  The  legs  of  the  stand  shall  be 
of  metal,  and  there  shall  be  no  combustible  material 
used  in  the  construction  of  the  stand. 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  678-12,  passed  De¬ 
cember  10,  1912. 


Building  Code 


105 


*Sec.  484e.  Construction  of  Operating1  Room. 

Ever}'  motion  picture  machine,  before  being  operated, 
shall  be  installed  in  a  room  constructed  as  hereinafter 
provided.  In  no  case  shall  said  room  be  less  than  seven 
(7)  feet  high.  No  operating  room  shall  be  constructed 
having  a  floor  area  of  less  than  thirty  (30)  square  feet 
or  being  less  than  five  (5)  feet  wide  and  six  (6)  feet 
long.  There  shall  not  be  installed  in  any  operating 
room  having  a  floor  area  of  less  than  forty-eight  (48) 
square  feet  or  being  less  than  six  (6)  feet  wide  and 
eight  (8)  feet  long,  more  than  one  (1)  picture  machine, 
one  (1)  stereopticon  and  one  (1)  spot  light.  In  no  case 
shall  there  be  installed  more  than  three  (3)  arc  lights 
within  operating  rooms  having  an  area  of  less  than 
forty-eight  (48)  square  feet.  In  operating  rooms  hav¬ 
ing  a  greater  floor  area  than  forty-eight  (48)  square 
feet  there  shall  be  provided  an  additional  floor  area  of 
fifteen  (15)  square  feet  for  each  motion  picture  ma¬ 
chine,  stereopticon,  spot  light  or  arc  light  installed  in 
addition  to  the  three  arc  lights  previously  provided  for. 

-The  operating  room  shall  be  constructed  of  brick, 
concrete,  hollow  tile,  asbestos  building  lumber,  sheet 
iron  or  steel.  Operating  rooms  consisting  of  brick  shall 
have  walls  not  less  than  eight  (8)  inches  in  thickness. 
The  floor  of  said  brick  constructed  operating  room  shall 
be  a  concrete  slab  of  not  less  than  three  (3)  inches  in 
thickness,  or  may  be  constructed  of  tile  or  brick  in 
cement  mortar.  The  ceiling  of  the  brick  constructed 
operating  room  shall  be  constructed  of  either  a  cement 
slab  of  not  less  than  three  (3)  inches  in  thickness  or 
other  incombustible  material  of  equal  strength  and  dur¬ 
ability. 

The  walls  of  the  operating  rooms  may  he  constructed 
of  hollow  tile,  but  in  no  case  must  thickness  of  hollow 
tile  walls  be  less  than  four  (4)  inches. 

The  floor  and  ceiling  of  hollow  tile  operating  rooms 
must  be  of  the  same  construction  as  for  brick  oper¬ 
ating  rooms.  The  walls  of  the  operating  room  may 
be  constructed  of  concrete,  but  in  no  case  shall  the 
concrete  walls  be  less  than  three  (3)  inches  in  thick¬ 
ness.  The  ceiling  and  floor  of  concrete  operating  rooms 
shall  be  constructed  the  same  as  for  the  brick  con¬ 
struction.  Operating  rooms  built  of  asbestos  boards 
shall  he  constructed  in  accordance  with  the  following 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  078-12,  passed  De¬ 
cember  10,  1012. 


106 


Building  Code 


provisions  :  Angles  or  T  irons  forming  the  frame  work 
shall  be  in  no  case  less  than  IYY'^Ya'^YY'  ■  Angle  irons 
for  door  frames  to  be  not  less  than  l"xl"x}4".  Steel 
frames  shall  be  rigidly  constructed,  using  gusset  plates 
at  joints  not  less  than  three-sixteenths  (3-16)  inch  in 
thickness,  secured  with  at  least  two  (2)  rivets  or  bolts 
not  less  than  one-quarter  (BO  inch  in  diameter.  As¬ 
bestos  building  lumber  (asbestos  mill  boards  shall  not 
be  used)  of  not  less  than  Y"  thickness  shall  be  secured 
to  said  T  or  angle  iron  frames  by  not  less  than  BO 
bolts  placed  not  more  than  6"  center  to  center  along 
the  line  of  the  steel  frame.  Said  panels  of  asbestos 
lumber  shall  not  be  more  than  l'-2"  in  width.  There 
shall  be  provided,  to  cover  all  horizontal  joints  in  said 
asbestos  building  lumber  panels,  a  batton  strip  of  not 
less  than  S'kxBO  steel  securely  bolted  to  said  asbestos 
lumber  with  bolts  not  less  than  BO  in  diameter,  spaced 
at  not  less  than  3"  from  center  to  center. 

*Sec.  484f.  Steel  or  Iron  Operating  Rooms. 

Steel  operating  rooms  shall  be  constructed  of  not 
less  than  No.  20  gauge  galvanized  iron  or  steel.  The 
frame  shall  be  constructed  of  either  angle  irons  or  T 
irons  of  not  less  than  the  dimensions  of  l"xl"xb8r/- 
Sides  and  ceilings  of  said  steel  operating  rooms  shad 
be  reinforced  of  either  angle  irons  or  T  irons  spaced 
not  more  than  12''  center  to  center.  Floor  of  said 
steel  or  iron  operating  rooms  shall  be  constructed  the 
same  as  the  sides  and  ceilings,  with  the  exception  that 
the  reinforcing  angles  may  be  omitted;  provided,  how¬ 
ever,  that  the  said  floor  shall  rest  on  another  floor  of 
sufficient  strength  to  assure  a  solid  bearing  for  said 
sheet-metal  floor.  The  floor  of  steel  or  iron  operating 
rooms  shall  be  covered  with  asbestos  building  lumber 
Yi"  thick,  or  2"  slab  of  concrete,  or  equivalent  fire¬ 
proof  material.  The  door  of  said  operating  room  shall 
be  constructed  on  a  rigid  frame  of  not  less  than 
l"xl"xB$r/,. angles  diagonally  braced,  and  the  jamb  and 
sills  of  said  door  shall  be  of  not  less  than  IBi  xlBT'x- 
J/s"  angles.  The  door  shall  be  covered  with  galvan¬ 
ized  iron  or  steel  not  less  than  No.  20  gauge,  and  said 
covering  shall  extend  not  less  than  three  (3)  inches 
over  the  jambs  and  head  of  said  door. 

Iron  or  steel  operating  rooms  shall  have  not  less  than 
two  (2)  feet  clear  space  from  all  combustible  material, 

*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  Nq.  678-12,  passed  De¬ 
cember  10,  1912. 


Building  Code 


107 


or  when  such  clear  space  is  not  practicable  said  oper¬ 
ating  rooms  shall  be  covered  on  the  outside  with  as¬ 
bestos  board  not  less  than  one-half  (J4)  inch  thick, 
or  o'ther  fireproof  material  on  sides,  top  or  portions 
thereof  where  the  space  is  less  than  two  (2)  feet. 

*Sec.  484g.  Openings  in  Operating  Rooms. 

The  openings  in  all  operating  rooms  shall  be  con¬ 
structed  in  accordance  with  the  following  provisions, 
and  there  shall  be  no  openings  in  said  operating  rooms 
other  than  those  specifically  provided  for  herein. 
There  shall  not  be  more  than  one  (l)  means  of  en¬ 
trance  to  any  operating  room,  which  entrance  shall  not 
exceed  the  dimensions  of  2'  wide  and  5'  high;  said  en¬ 
trance  shall  be  constructed  in  accordance  with  provi¬ 
sions  for  doors  of  sheet  metal  operating  room  or  may 
be  constructed  of  asbestos  board  of  not  less  than  ^4" 
thickness,  constructed  on  frame  as  provided  for  door 
of  iron  or  steel  operating  rooms.  Said  door  shall  be 
swung  on  two  hinges,  and  shall  be  provided  with  a 
spring  or  appliance  operated  by  gravity  that  shall  hold 
the  door  normally  closed  at  all  times,  and  said  spring 
or  device  shall  be  of  sufficient  strength  to  operate  the 
latch  for  the  door  as  hereinafter  provided.  Latches 
for  operating  room  doors  shall  be  two  (2)  in  number, 
one  to  be  12"  from  the  top  of  the  door  and  one  12" 
from  the  bottom  of  the  door.  Said  latches  shall  be 
connected  with  one  another  so  that  the  operation 
shall  be  uniform  and  a  single  movement  shall  operate 
both  latches.  Both  latches  shall  automatically  catch 
and  secure  the  door  in  a  closed  position. 

Entrance  doors  of  operating  room  shall,  in  all  in¬ 
stallations  where  practicable,  be  located  in  that  side 
of  the  operating  room  opposite  the  side  through  which 
the  picture  is  projected.  When  doors  are  situated  in 
sides  adjacent  to  side  through  which  picture  is  pro¬ 
jected,  the  hinges  shall  be  on  that  side  of  the  doors 
near  the  side  through  which  the  picture  is  projected. 

Entrance  doors  of  operating  rooms  shall  in  all  cases 
open  outward. 

There  may  be  provided  one  opening  for  each  pro¬ 
jection  objective  used  in  motion  picture  machines  and 
stereopticon  installed  within  the  operating  room,  and 
in  no  case  shall  such  openings  exceed  dimensions  of 
5"x8".  There  may  be  provided  one  observation  open- 

*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  678-12,  passed  De¬ 
cember  10,  1912. 


108 


Building  Code 


ing  for  each  motion  picture  machine  or  stereopticon 
of  dimensions  not  to  exceed  8"x8".  There  shall  be 
no  other  opening  in  the  side  of  the  booth  through 
which  the  picture  is  projected  other  than  those  here¬ 
tofore  provided  for,  except  one  projection  opening 
and  one  observation  opening  for  spot-light,  which  shall 
not  exceed  dimensions  of  12"xl2".  There  shall  be  pro¬ 
vided  in  the  side  near  the  bottom,  or  in  the  bottom,  a 
register  not  less  than  14"xl6",  and  connected  with  the 
outer  air  by  pipe  not  less  than  6"xl6",  or  its  equivalent 
number  of  square  inches ;  and,  in  addition,  there  shall 
be  a  vent  opening  in  the  top  or  near  the  top  of  the 
booth  not  less  than  16"  in  diameter,  which  may  be 
tapered  to  no  less  than  8"  at  the  flue,  said  16"  opening 
to  be  equipped  with  an  8"  exhaust  fan.  All  vent  and 
intake  pipes  shall  be  of  galvanized  iron  no  lighter  than 
No.  27  gauge,  and  in  no  case  shall  they  be  in  contact 
with  any  inflammable  material,  and  they  shall  be  sep¬ 
arated  from  any  inflammable  material  by  at  least  *4" 
asbestos  or  other  approved  fireproof  material.  Vent 
flues  and  conductor  shall  be  so  installed  that  there  is  a 
natural  draft  circulating  through  the  operating  room. 

All  electric  wiring  within  operating  room  shall  be 
inclosed  in  approved  conduits,  and  shall  be  installed  in 
accordance  with  the  National  Electric  Code  and  the 
directions  of  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  or  other 
officials  having  jurisdiction. 

No  flexible  or  other  portable  wiring  shall  be  used  or 
installed  other  than  asbestos-covered  wire  required  for 
connecting  machines  to  sources  of  supply,  which  flex¬ 
ible  conductor  shall  .not  exceed  four  feet  in  length, 
and  flexible  cord  for  one  portable  incandescent  light 
for  each  machine,  as  hereinafter  provided  for. 

Rheostats  used  in  connection  with  motion  picture 
machines  and  stereopticons  in  motion  picture  theaters 
shall  be  designed  to  carry  necessary  electric  current 
without  undue  heating,  and  coils,  grids  or  other  re¬ 
sisting  elements  shall  not  become  luminous  when 
carrying  a  load  of  less  than  thirty  (30)  amperes. 

All  rheostats  shall  be  provided  with  a  perforated 
sheet  metal  jacket  or  heavy  wire  screen  of  not  less 
than  y2"  mesh,  secured  to  the  rheostat  proper,  and  said 
jacket  or  screen  shall  not  be  in  electric*  connection  with 
current-carrying  parts  of  the  rheostat. 

Rheostats  used  in  connection  with  motion  picture 
machines  shall  be  installed  in  a  compartment  constructed 
of  sheet  metal  of  not  less  than  No.  24  gauge,  or  of 


109 


Building  Code 


material  equally  durable  and  equally  fireproof.  Said 
compartment  shall  be  provided  with  a  vent  having 
an  area  of  not  less  than  twelve  (12)  square  inches,  and 
all  ventilating  openings  in  said  compartment  for  the 
efflux  of  heated  air  shall  be  connected  by  a  fireproof 
flue  to  the  exterior  of  the  building  in  a  manner  similar 
to  the  provisions  for  the  vent  flue  as  provided  for 
operating  room,  or  may  be  connected  to  the  main  vent 
flue  of  -the  operating  room.  Said  compartment  shall  be 
provided  with  a  door  permitting  access  to  the  rheostat, 
and  said  door  shall  be  provided  with  spring  hinges 
holding  the  door  normally  in  a  closed  position.  Said 
compartment  shall  be  placed  in  such  a  position  that  it 
shall  be  effectively  separated  by  one  foot  space,  or  pro¬ 
tected  by  R 2"  asbestos  or  other  approved  fireproof  ma¬ 
terial  from  all  inflammable  niaterial.  No  rheostat  shall 
be  placed  within  the  operating  room  without  written 
permission  from  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings.  Rheo¬ 
stats  shall  be  effectively  insulated  from  said  compart¬ 
ment  and  the  ground. 

Motor  generator  apparatus  used  in  connection  with 
moving  picture  machines  shall  be  placed  in  accordance 
with  the  directions  of  the  official  having  jurisdiction 
in  such  matters,  and  shall  be  installed  in  compliance 
with  all  regulations  relative  to  the  installation  of  mo¬ 
tors  and  dynamos. 

Transformers,  compensarcs,  transarcs  and  other  de¬ 
vices  for  control  or  transformation  of  electric  current 
other  than  motor  generator  apparatus  and  rheostats 
may  be  installed  within  the  operating  room,  providing, 
however,  that  in  calculating  area  of  operating  rooms 
there  shall  be  provided  seven  (7)  square  feet  of  floor 
area  for  each  such  apparatus  installed  in  addition  to 
area  required  for  number  of  arc  lights  installed. 

*Sec,  484h.  Equipment  for  Operating-Room. 

There  shall  be  provided  in  every  operating  room  a 
shelf  for  the  repair  and  rewinding  of  films  not  over  8" 
wide  nor  48"  long,  said  shelf  to  be  constructed  of  slate 
not  less  than  %"  thickness,  or  marble  of  not  less  than 
thickness,  or  said  shelf  may  be  constructed  entirely 
of  sheet  metal  or  steel,  said  shelf  to  be  securely  at¬ 
tached  to  the  side  of  the  operating  room  by  metal  shelf 
brackets.  There  shall  be  provided  as  near  the  rewind 
shelf  as  practicable  a  fireproof  socket,  box  or  other 

*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  678-12,  passed 

December  10,  1912. 


110 


Building  Code 


.  device  for  the  reception  of  bottles  containing  him  ce¬ 
ment.  There  shall  be  provided  in  each  operating  room, 
placed  on  the  floor  as  near  to  each  motion  picture  ma¬ 
chine  as  practicable,  a  metal  pan  or  bucket  of  not  less 
than  464  cubic  inches  in  capacity  for  the  reception  of 
hot  carbons  incidental  to  the  operation  of  the  machine. 
There  may  be  provided  in  every  operating  room  an 
electric  fan  not  less  than  16"  in  diameter.  There  shall 
be  provided  in  every  operating  room  one  portable  in¬ 
candescent  electric  light  equipped  with  reinforced  cord 
in  addition  to  one  incandescent  light  permanently  se¬ 
cured  to  the  ceiling  of  the  operating  room  for  each 
motion  picture  machine.  There  shall  be  provided  at 
each  opening  other  than  the  door  and  ventilating  open¬ 
ings  a  steel  or  iron  shutter  constructed  of  not  less  than 
16-gauge  sheet  metal,  which  shutter  shall  freely  slide 
in  metallic  grooves,  and  shall  be  normally  closed  by 
gravity. 

Provisions  shall  be  made  for  holding  said  shutter  in 
an  open  position  by  means  of  a  cotton  cord  with  a 
tensile  strength  of  not  over  six  pounds  for  each  shutter. 
Said  cotton  cord  shall  be  connected  to  a  master  cord, 
which  master  cord  shall  be  carried  to  a  position  as  near 
to  and  as  directly  over  the  aperture  plate  of  each 
machine  as  possible.  Said  master  cord  shall  be  pro¬ 
vided  with  a  fusible  link  directly  over  the  aperture 
plates,  and  shall  be  so  attached  that  a  single  motion  on 
the  part  of  the  operator  or  ignited  film  at  any  picture 
machine  shall  release  the  master  cord  and  permit  all 
shutters  in  the  operating  room  to  close. 

*Sec.  484i.  Miscellaneous  Provisions. 

Every  motion  picture  machine  shall  be  operated  by  or 
under  the  immediate  personal  supervision  of  an  op¬ 
erator  to  whom  a  license  for  such  occupation  is  granted 
by  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  and  no  motion  picture  ma¬ 
chine  shall  be  operated  by  any  person  other  than  a 
licensed  operator. 

No  picture  machine  shall  be  operated  at  a  speed 
that  shall  cause  the  film  to  pass  through  the  machine 
at  a  speed  greater  than  seventy  (70)  feet  per  minute, 
nor  at  a  speed  that  shall  cause  the  film  to  pass  through 
the  mechanism  at  a  speed  of  less  than  fifty  (50)  feet 
per  minute,  except  by  written  permission  of  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings.  *■ 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  678-12,  passed  De¬ 
cember  10,  1912. 


Building  Code 


111 


The  magazine  containing  and  for  the  reception  of 
the  film  motion  picture  machine  shall  be  closed  at  all 
times  when  the  machine  is  in  operation. 

All  films  not  in  process  of  projection  or  rewinding 
shall  be  inclosed  at  all  times  in  separate  metal  boxes 
provided  for  the  reception  thereof,  and  said  boxes 
shall  be  kept  closed  at  all  times. 

No  pieces  of  films,  volatile,  inflammable  fluid  or 
substances,  rags,  cotton,  waste  or  other  articles,  ma¬ 
terial  or  tools,  utensils  or  appliances  not  essential  to 
the  safe  and  efficient  operation  of  a  picture  machine 
shall  be  permitted  to  remain  within  the  operating 
room  when  the  machine  is  in  operation. 

No  person  or  persons  shall  smoke  or  indulge  in  in¬ 
toxicating  liquors  while  in  or  near  the  operating 
room  while  the  theater  is  open  to  the  public. 
No  person  or  persons  shall  be  permitted  within  or 
about  the  operating  room  other  than  persons  holding 
a  license  for  the  occupation  of  operating  motion  pic¬ 
ture  machines,  or  persons  concerned  in  the  mainte¬ 
nance  or  conduct  of  the  theater  in  which  such  oper¬ 
ating  room  is  located.  No  operator  in  charge  of  a 
motion  picture  machine  shall  engage  in  any  other 
occupation  when  such  machine  is  in  operation,  nor 
shall  any  operator  in  charge  of  -any  motion  picture 
machine  rewind  or  repair  the  film  while  such  machine 
is  in  operation.  No  operator  shall  leave  open  any 
magazine  door,  or  any  outer  door  of  the  booth,  or  any 
other  opening  in  the  booth  not  in  actual  use,  excepting 
the  openings  provided  for  purposes  of  ventilation  dur¬ 
ing  the  time  when  said  theater  is  open  to  the -public. 

Hot  carbons  shall  be  placed  in  a  metal  receptacle 
provided  therefor  immediately  on  removal  from  the 
machine. 

In  the  event  of  any  film  or  other  material  becoming 
ignited  within  the  operating  room,  the  licensed  opera¬ 
tor  in  charge  shall,  within  forty-eight  (48)  hours  of 
such  event,  deliver  in  person  to  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings  a  full  and  complete  written  report  thereof, 
signed  in  person,  and  in  such  report  the  license  num¬ 
ber  of  said  operator  shall  be  stated. 

The  provisions  of  Section  48-Jg  of  this  ordinance, 
under  the  heading  of  “Openings  in  Operating  Rooms," 
and  including  that  paragraph  beginning  with  the 
words  “There  may  be  provided  one  opening  for  each 
projection  objective,"  and  ending  with  the  words 
“natural  draft  circulating  through  the  operating 
room,”  and  the  provisions  of  Section  484i  shall  apply 


112 


Building  Code 


to  all  picture  machine  booths  now  or  hereafter  in  oper¬ 
ation  in  the  City  of  Cincinnati.  All  other  provisions 
of  this  Ordinance  shall  apply  to  all  picture  machine 
booths  constructed  after  its  passage. 

An}*  person  or  persons  violating  any  of  the  provi¬ 
sions  of  this  Ordinance  shall,  upon  conviction,  be  fined 
in  any  sum  not  exceeding  twenty-five  ($25.00)  dollars 
for  each  offense. 

v_  * 

*Sec.  485-1.  Storage  of  Films. 

That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person,  firm  or 
corporation  or  its  agents  or  employes  to  manufacture, 
keep,  store  or  handle  any  inflammable  motion  picture 
films  in  greater  quantities  than  ten  (10)  reels  or  ag¬ 
gregating  more  than  ten  thousand  (10,000)  feet  in 
length  without  first  having  obtained  a  permit  therefor 
from  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings. 

Sec.  485-2.  All  films  shall  be  kept  or  stored  in  fire- 
resisting  receptacles. 

Sec.  485-3.  The  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall 
issue  a  permit  for  the  manufacture,  keeping,  storage 
or  handling  of  inflammable  motion  picture  films  -  to 
every  person,  firm  or  corporation  which  manufactures, 
keeps,  stores-  or  handles  inflammable  motion  picture 
films  in  greater  •  quantities  than  ten  (10)  reels  upon 
said  person,  firm  or  corporation  complying  with  the 
requirements  of  this  ordinance. 

Sec.  485-4.  Said  person,  firm  or  corporation  shall 
make  written  application  on  blanks  furnished  by  the 
Commissioner  of  Buildings  giving  the  following  in¬ 
formation  : 

(a)  Name  and  address  of  the  applicant. 

(b)  Location  of  the  premises  on  which  the  inflam¬ 
mable  motion  picture  films  are  to  be  manufactured, 
stored,  kept  or  handled. 

(c)  Other  purposes  for  which  the  building  or 
premises  is  to  be  used. 

(d)  The  nature  of  the  business  in  which  the  ap¬ 
plicant  is  engaged  in  such  building  or  premises. 

(e)  Kind  of  construction  of  said  building. 

(f)  Any  other  pertinent  information  regarding 
the  manufacture,  storage,  keeping  or  handling  of  in- 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  436-14,  passed 
August  4,  1914. 


Building  Code 


113 


\ 


flammable  motion  picture  films  for  which  the  appli¬ 
cation  is  made. 

Sec.  485-4^.  A  fee  of  one  ($1.00)  dollar  shall  be 
/  paid  to  the  City  Treasurer,  which  sum  shall  be  cred¬ 
ited  to  the  general  city  fund,  on  written  application 
for  a  permit. 

Sec.  485-5.  The  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall 
not  issue  a  permit  for  the  storage,  keeping  or  hand¬ 
ling  of  inflammable  motion  picture  films  for  any  rooms 
or  premises  (a)  which  are  located  on  any  floor  ex¬ 
cept  the  top  floor  of  any  building  unless  the  entire 
building  is  of  fireproof  construction;  (b)  which  is  oc¬ 
cupied  as  a  tenement  house,  lodging  or  boarding  house 
or  hotel,  office  building,  assembly  hall  or  theater;  (c) 
where  the  rooms  to  be  occupied  are  artificially  lighted 
by  any  other  means  than  electricity,  and  then  only  in 
case  all  electric  wires  are  run  in  metal  conduits  and 
all  lights  shall  be  in  air-tight  bulbs ;  all  globes  or  tubes 
in  suitable  wire  cages  and  fitted  with  keyless  sockets; 
(d)  unless  the  room  to  be  used  for  the  manufacture, 
storage,  keeping  or  handling  of  inflammable  motion 
picture  films  is  separated  from  all  other  parts  of  the 
building  with  unpierced  walls,  floors  and  ceilings,  ex¬ 
cept  the  exit  doors  and  extra  windows  (said  exit  doors 
shall  be  standard  fireproof  doors.) 

Sec.  485-6.  Not  more  than  fifteen  (15)  reels  or  fif¬ 
teen  thousand  (15,000)  feet  in  the  aggregate  of  inflam¬ 
mable  motion  picture  films  shall  be  under  examination 
or  repair  at  one  time  iii  any  one  room,  and  each  reel 
of  films  shall  be  kept  in  a  tightly  closed  fire-resisting 
box  of  approved  construction  when  not  being  examined 
or  repaired. 

Sec.  485-7.  Each  room  used  for  the  repairing  or 
piecing  together  of  inflammable  motion  picture  films 
shall  contain  metal  cans  which  shall  contain  at  all  times 
at  least  two  (2)  gallons  of  water,  wherein  all  waste, 
parts  and  scraps  of  such  film  shall  be  placed  and  kept 
covered  with  water. 

Sec.  485-8.  No  collodion,  amyl,  acetate  or  other 
similar  inflammable  cement,  liquid  or  substance  in 
quantities  greater  than  one  quart  shall  be  kept  in  a 
room  wherein  inflammable  motion  picture  films  are 
manufactured,  stored,  kept,  handled  or  repaired. 

Sec.  485-9.  No  heat  other  than  steam  or  hot  water 
heat,  and  no  stove,  forge,  torch,  boiler,  furnace  flame 


114 


Building  Code 


or  fire,  and  no  electric  or  other  appliance  likely  to 
produce  an  exposed  spark  shall  be  allowed  in  any  room 
used  for  the  manufacture,  storage,  keeping,  handling 
or  repairing  of  inflammable  motion  picture  films. 

Sec.  485-10.  Each  room  used  for  the  manufacture, 

storage,  keeping,  handling  or  repairing  of  inflammable 

motion  picture  films  shall  be  equipped  with  at  least 

two  approved  hand  chemical  fire  extinguishers,  also 

one  receptacle  containing  at  least  two  (2)  gallons  of 

water  and  one  receptacle  containing  at  least  one-half 

(l/2)  bushel  of  sand. 

\ 

Sec.  485-11.  Each  film  shall  be  stored  or  kept  in 
metallic  boxes  with  tight-fitting  covers  on  the  premi¬ 
ses. 

Sec.  485-12.  No  smoking  nor  the  use  of  matches 
shall  be  permitted  in  a  room  used  for  the  manufac¬ 
ture,  storage,  keeping,  handling  or  repairing  of  inflam¬ 
mable  motion  picture  films.  Signs  calling  attention 
to  this  section  shall  be  posted  in  at  least  three  con¬ 
spicuous  places  within  said  room  and  one  at  the  en¬ 
trance  thereof. 

Sec.  485-13.  The  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall 
make  the  necessary  inspections  from  time  to  time  of 
all  places  where  films  are  manufactured,  stored,  kept, 
handled  or  repaired,  in  order  to  see  that  all  regula¬ 
tions  of  this  ordinance  are  complied  with. 

Sec.  485-14.  Each  of  the  foregoing  numbered  sec¬ 
tions  and  subsections  is  hereby  declared  to  be  inde¬ 
pendent  of  every  other  section  or  subsection,  and  the 
invalidity  of  any  one  shall  not  invalidate  any  of  the 
others. 

Sec.  485-15.  The  penalties  provided  by  and  under 
the  provisions  of  Sections  576  and  577  of  the  Code 
of  Ordinances  shall  apply  to  any  of  the  violation  or 
violations  of  the  provisions  of  these  sections. 

Section  486.  Dirt  Chutes. 

Dirt  chutes  in  factories,  warehouses  and  other  build¬ 
ings  shall  be  of  sheet  steel,  not  less  than  No.  22  gauge, 
thoroughly  riveted,  or  of  other  fireproof  construction, 
and  shall  terminate  in  a  fireproof  receptacle,  and  both 
chute  and  receptacle  shall  be  thoroughly  fire  stopped, 
and  all  openings  into  the  same  shall  have  automatic 
fire  doors. 


Building  Code 


115 


Chapter  2. —  Prevention  of  Collapsing  of 

Buildings. 

Section  487.  Inspection  and  Condemnation  of  Un¬ 
safe  Buildings. 

Any  building  or  buildings,  or  parts  thereof,  and 
staging,  elevator,  stairway,  tire  escape,  fence,  billboard, 
awning,  canopy  or  other  structure  or  structures  of 
whatsoever  kind,  that  from  any  cause  may  now  be  or 
shall  at  any  time  hereafter  become  dangerous  or  un¬ 
safe,  shall  be  made  safe  and  secure  or  taken  down 
and  removed  by  the  owner,  lessee,  occupant  or  person 
having  charge  thereof.  The  Commissioner  of  Build¬ 
ings,  shall  immediately,  when  advised  of  the  dangerous 
or  unsafe  condition  as  aforesaid,  make  a  record  there¬ 
of  upon  the  docket  to  be  kept  by  him  of  unsafe  build¬ 
ings,  and  he  shall  thereupon  serve  the  owner  or  some 
one  of  the  owners,  executors,  administrators,  agents, 
lessees,  occupants  or  any  other  person  or  persons  that 
may  have  a  vested  or  contingent  interest  in  the  same, 
with  a  written  or  printed  notice  thereof,  and  shall 
also  notify  the  Chief  of  the  Fire  Department  and  of 
the  Police,  describing  the  premises  or  other  structure 
as  aforesaid  deemed  unsafe  or  dangerous,  and  requir¬ 
ing  the  same  to  be  made  safe  and  secure  or  removed, 
as  may  be  found  necessary  by  the  Commissioner.  Said 
notice  shall  require  the  person  served  to  immediately 
advise  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  whether  he  or 
they'  will  or  will  not  make  secure  or  remove  the  un¬ 
safe  structure,  and  he  or  they  will  be  allowed  twenty- 
four  (24)  hours  after  the  service  of  such  notice  in 
which  to  commence  to  secure  or  remove  the  same.  If 
the  party  served  refuses  to  make  secure  or  remove 
the  dangerous  or  unsafe  structure,  or  if  he  does  not 
commence  to  make  secure  or  remove  the  same  within 
twenty-four  (24)  hours,  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings 
shall,  if  in  his  opinion  it  shall  be  necessary,  enter 
upon  the  premises  with  a  sufficient  force  and  make 
secure  or  remove  the  same,  or  such  part  thereof  as 
may  be  necessary  to  make  the  premises  safe,  and  the 
cost  thereby  incurred  shall,  upon  the  certificate  of  the 
Commissioner,  be  paid  out  of  the  City  Treasury, 
through  the  City  Auditor,  from  the  funds  and  in  the 
manner  hereinafter  provided  for.  And  any  expense 
so  incurred  shall  be  collected  from  the  owner  or 
owners,  agent,  lessee  or  occupant  by  action  brought 


116 


Building  Code 


in  the  name  of  the  city  in -a  Court  of  competent  juris¬ 
diction,  to  be  instituted  by  the  City  Solicitor.  The 
Commissioner  shall  also  place  a  written  notice  on  any 
dangerous  or  unsafe  premises  so  as  to  warn  the  public 
thereof. 

Section  488.  Overloading  Buildings. 

The  weight  placed  on  any  of  the  floors  of  any  build¬ 
ing  shall  be  safely  distributed  thereon.  The  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Buildings  may  require  the  owner  or  occupant 
of  any  building,  or  of  any  portion  thereof,  to  redis¬ 
tribute  the  load  on  any  floor,  or  to  lighten  such  load, 
where  he  deems  it  to  be  necessary.  In  all  warehouses, 
storehouses,  factories,  workshops  and  stores  where 
heavy  materials  are  kept  or  stored,  or  machinery  in¬ 
troduced,  the  weight  that  each  floor  will  safely  sus¬ 
tain  upon  each  superficial  foot  thereof,  or  upon  each 
varying  parts  of  such  floors,  shall  be  estimated  by  the 
owner  or  occupant,  or  by  a  competent  person  employed 
by  the  owner  or  occupant.  Such  estimate  shall  be  re¬ 
duced  to  writing,  on  printed  forms  furnished  by  the 
Commissioner  of  Buildings,  stating  the  materials,  size, 
distance  apart  and  span  of  beams  and  girders,  posts  or 
columns  to  support  the  floors,  and  its  correctness  shall 
be  sworn  to  by  the  person  making  the  same.  And  it 
shall  thereupon  be  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Buildings.  But  if  the  Commissioner  of  Build¬ 
ings  shall  have  cause  to  doubt  the  correctness  of  said 
estimate,  he  is  empowered  to  revise  and  correct  the 
same;  and  for  the  purpose  of  such  revision  the  officers 
and  employes  of  the  Department  of  Buildings  may 
enter  any  building  and  remove  as  much  of  any  floor 
or  other  portion  thereof  as  may  be  required  to  make 
necessary  measurements  and  examinations.  When  the 
correct  estimate  of  the  weight  that  the  floors  in  any 
such  building  will  safely  sustain  has  been  ascertained,  - 
as  herein  provided,  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall 
approve  the  same.  And  thereupon  the  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Buildings  shall  post  a  copy  of  such  approved 
estimate  in  a  conspicuous  place  on  each  story,  or  vary¬ 
ing  parts  of  each  story,  of  the  building  to  which  it  re¬ 
lates.  Before  any  building  hereafter  erected  is  occu¬ 
pied  and  used,  in  whole  or  in  part,  for  any  of  the 
purposes  aforesaid,  and  before  any  building,  erected 
prior  to  the  passage  of  this  code,  but  not  at  such  time 
occupied  for  any  of  the  aforesaid  purposes,  is  occu¬ 
pied  or  used,  in  whole  or  in  part,  for  any  of  said  pur- 


Building  Code 


117 


poses,  the  weight  that  each  floor  will  safely  sustain 
upon  each  superficial  foot  thereof  shall  be  ascertained 
and  posted  in  a  conspicuous  place  on  each  story  or 
varying  parts  of  each  story  of  the  building  to  which  it 
relates.  %No  person  shall  place,  or  cause  or  permit  to 
be  placed,  on  any  floor  of  any  building  any  greater 
load  than  the  safe  load  thereof,  as  correctly  estimated 
and  ascertained  as  herein  provided.  Any  expense  nec¬ 
essarily  incurred  in  removing  any  floor  or  other  por¬ 
tion  of  any  building  for  the  purpose  of  making  any  ex¬ 
amination  herein  provided  for  shall  be  paid  by  the 
owner;  should  he  refuse  to  pay  for  the  same  it  shall 
then  be  paid  by  the  City  Treasurer,  through  the  Au¬ 
ditor,  upon  the  requisition  of  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings,  in  the  manner  hereinafter  provided  for,  and 
shall  be  collected  in  an  action  to  be  brought  by  the 
City  Solicitor  against  said  person  or  persons,  and  the 
sum  so  collected  shall  be  paid  over  to  the  City  Treas¬ 
urer,  to  be  deposited  in  said  fund  in  reimbursement  of 
the  amount  paid  as  aforesaid.  When  the  owner  or  the 
architect  for  any  building  has  filed  with  his  application 
to  build  the  data  required  to  determine  the  strength 
of  the  floors,  on  one  of  the  blank  forms'  provided  for 
that  purpose,  such  examination  shall  not  be  required, 
provided  that  the  purposes  and  uses  of  the  building 
have  not  been  changed,  or  that  it  has  not  been  dam¬ 
aged  by  fire  or  otherwise.  Every  temporary  support 
placed  under  any  structure,  wall,  girder  or  beam  dur¬ 
ing  the  erection,  finishing,  alteration  or  repairing  of  any 
building  or  structure,  or  any  part  thereof,  shall  be  of 
sufficient  strength  to  safely  carry  the  load  to  be  placed 
thereon.  During  the  construction  or  alteration  of  any 
building  or  structure  no  material  entering  into  such 
construction  or  alteration  shall  be  placed,  except  for 
testing  purposes,  on  any  floor  of  any  greater  weight 
than  the  live  load  that  each  such  floor  is  intended  to 
safely  sustain  when  the  building  or  structure  is  com¬ 
pleted,  unless  such  floor  has  been  properly  shored. 
Wherever  it  is  required  to  place  skids  or  sleepers 
under  heavy  safes  or  other  fixtures  in  any  fireproof 
building,  such  skids  or  sleepers  must  be  of  incom¬ 
bustible  material. 

Section  439.  Posting  Capacity  of  Freight  Ele¬ 
vators. 

The  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall  post  a  notice  on 
each  freight  elevator,  giving  the  load  that  such  ele¬ 
vator  will  safclv  sustain. 


118 


Building  Code 


Section  490.  Posting  Capacity  of  Dance  Halls. 

The  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall  post  a  notice 
in  ever}'  dance  hall,  showing  the  number  of  people 
that  such  dance  hall  will  safely  sustain  ^without  over¬ 
crowding,  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  the  owner, 
lessee,  occupant  or  person  having  charge  of  the  same 
to  permit  a  greater  number  therein  at  any  time. 

Chapter  3.  —  Elevators,  Hoists,  Ropes  and 

Scaffolds. 

Section  491.  Elevator  Shafts,  When  Not  Inclosed. 

In  any  building  in  which  there  exists  any  hoistway 
or  freight  elevator  well-hole  not  inclosed  in  walls  con¬ 
structed  of  brick  or  other  fireproof  material  and  pro¬ 
vided  with  fireproof  doors,  the  openings  thereof 
through  and  upon  each  floor  of  said  buildings  shall  be 
provided  with  and  protected  by  substantial  guards 
and  gates,  and  with  good  and  sufficient  automatic  fire¬ 
proof  trap  doors  operated'  by  the  elevator  car  or  by 
fusible  links,  and  properly  counterweighted,  and  con¬ 
structed  so  as  to  form  a  substantial  floor  surface  when 
closed.  The  guards  or  gates  shall  be  of  such  material 
and  form  of  construction  as  may  be  approved  by  the 
Commissioner  of  Buildings.  Such  gates  shall  be  half 
automatic,  and  shall  be  kept  closed  at  all  times,  ex¬ 
cept  when  in  actual  use;  and  the. -trap  doors  shall  be 
closed  at  the  close  of  the  business  of  each  day  by  the 
occupant  or  occupants  of  the  building  having  the  use 
or  control  of  the  same.  The  guards  on  sides  not  pro¬ 
tected  by  a  wall  shall  be  not  less  than  five  (5)  feet 
high,  and  suitable  for  the  protection  of  life  and  limb. 

Section  492.  Elevator  Inclosures. 

(a)  All  elevators  hereafter  placed  in  any  building 
shall  be  inclosed  with  walls  of  incombustible  material. 
In  non-fireproof  buildings  used  for  warehouses  and 
factories  hereafter  erected,  such  inclosing  walls  shall  be 
of  solid  brick  work  or  reinforced  concrete.  In  all  other 
buildings  hereafter  erected  such  inclosure  shall  be 
either  of  brick,  hollow  tile,  terra-cotta  concrete  or 
metal  lath  and  plaster  fireproof  partitions,  or  of  metal 
and  wired  glass.  All  doors  to  all  elevator  inclosures 
must  be  fireproof  doors.  All  car  or  inclosure  doors  or 
gates  to  passenger  elevators  shall  have  countersunk 
floor  tracks,  extending  full  width  of  the  opening,  in 
addition  to  the  roller  track  above.  No  elevator  may 


.  Building  Code 


119 


have  entrances  on  more  than  two  (2)  sides,  and  all 
passenger  elevators*  having  entrances  on  more  than 
one  (1)  side  shall  have  the  one  furthest  from  the  op¬ 
erating  device  protected  by  a  sliding  or  folding  gate 
or  door,  guided  top  and  bottom  on  the  car.  This 
gate  or  door  shall  be  kept  closed  at  all  times  when 
not  in  actual  use. 

(b)  In  all  existing  stores,  hotels  and  non-fireproof 
office  buildings,  and  all  tenement  houses  not  having  fire¬ 
proof  hallways  the  elevators  shall  be  inclosed  as  pro¬ 
vided  in  paragraph  (a)  of  this  section;  provided,  how¬ 
ever,  that  where  elevators  of  such  buildings  are  now 
inclosed,  such  inclosures,  if  plastered  or  made  slow 
burning  and  equipped  with  fireproof  doors,  may  remain. 
In  all  other  existing  buildings  all  elevators  shall  be 
so  inclosed  as  provided  in  paragraph  (a),  in  the  stories 
below  the  street  level. 

Section  493.  Skylights  Over  Elevator  Inclosures. 

The  roofs  over  all  inclosed  elevators  shall  be  made 
of  fireproof  materials,  with  a  skylight  or  lantern  win¬ 
dows  at  least  three-fourths  (34)  of  the  area  of  the 
shaft,  the  glass  to  be  not  more  than  one-eighth  (J/$) 
of  an  inch  thick,  and  in  case  of  skylight  to  be  covered 
above  and  below  with  strong  wire  netting,  but  wired 
glass  shall  not  be  used  in  skylights  over  elevator  en¬ 
closures  unless  the  same  are  open  or  opened  by  fusible 
links.  All  such  skylights  shall  be  so  arranged  that 
they  can  be  readily  opened  on  any  floor  or  elevator. 
When  elevator  shafts  do  not  extend  to  the  roof,  the 
ceiling  shall  be  fireproof,  and  the  top  window  in  the 
shaft  shall  be  arranged  to  open  as  arranged  for  sky¬ 
lights,  but  in  case  such  a  window  cannot  be  provided, 
then  suitable  provisions  shall  be  made  to  ventilate  the 
top  of  the  shaft  in  a  manner  approved  by  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings. 

Section  494.  Inclosing  Elevator  Machinery. 

When  the  inclosure  of  an  elevator  has  an  opening 
to  accommodate  '  machinery  for  operating  the  same, 
such  as  shafts,  pulleys,  drums,  cables,  etc.,  said  ma¬ 
chinery  shall  be  inclosed  in  an  equally  fireproof  man¬ 
ner  to  the  shaft.  When  the  shaft  does  not  extend 
to  the  ground  the  lower  end  shall  be  inc’osed  in  fire¬ 
proof  material. 

Section  495.  Sidewalk  Elevators. 

Sidewalk  elevators  or  lifts  passing  through  more 
than  one  basement  or  cellar  story  shall  be  inclosed  in 


120 


Building  Code  * 


said  story  with  fireproof  material,  and  door  openings 
in  the  same  shall  be  protected  by  fire  doors.  The  door 
at  the  sidewalk  level  of  the  said  elevator  or  lift  shall 
be  of  wrought  iron  or  steel. 

Section  496.  Dumb  Waiters. 

All  dumb  waiter  shafts  in  non-fireproof  buildings 
shall  be  inclosed  with  incombustible  stud  partitions 
or  fireproof  partitions.  In  all  fireproof  buildings  they 
shall  be  inclosed  with  fireproof  partitions.  All  dumb 
waiter  shafts  shall  be  fire  stopped  at  the  bottom  and 
top.  Dumb  waiters  that  extend  through  four  (4)  or 
more  stories  shall  be  deemed  freight  elevators,  and 
shall  be  inclosed  and  equipped  with  doors  and  gates 
accordingly,  except  that  they  need  not  extend  to  the 
roof  or  be  provided  with  skylights  or  windows  at  the 
top.  In  dumb-waiter  shafts  all  openings  must  have 
doors  which  shall  be  kept  closed  at  all  times  when  not 
in  actual  use. 

Section  497.  Provisions  in  Elevator  Shafts. 

Immediately  under  the  sheaves  at  the  top  of  every 
elevator  shaft  in  any  building  there  shall  be  provided 
and  placed  a  substantial  grating  or  screen  capable  of 
bearing  the  weight  of  a  man,  and  constructed  of  iron 
or  steel  with  openings  not  more  than  two  (2)  inches, 
or  such  construction  as  shall  be  approved  by  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings.  Beams  carrying  hoisting  ma¬ 
chines  above  the  hatchway  must  be  of  steel  or  other 
fireproof  material,  and  all  passenger  elevators  must 
have  such  machines  supported  on  fireproof  supports. 
At  the  bottom  of  all  passenger  elevators  must  be 
placed  substantial  buffer-springs. 

Section  498,  Inspection  of  Elevators. 

The  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall  cause  an  in¬ 
spection  of  all  elevators  to  be  made  on  completion  and 
at  least  once  every  six  (6)  months,  and,  if  found  safe, 
issue  a  certificate  as  provided  in  Section  346  herein. 

(a)  The  owner,  lessee,  manager  or  other  person  hav¬ 
ing  charge  or  control  of  any  elevator  now  in  operation 
in  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  and  the  manufacturer  of  any 
elevator  hereafter  p’aced  in  any  building,  shall  cause 
to  be  fastened  in  a  conspicuous  place  in  said  elevator 
a  metal  plate  having  suitable  raised  letters  on  same, 
which  shall  prescribe  the  number  of  pounds  weight 
which  said  elevator  shall  be  permitted  to  carry,  which 
weight  shall  be  determined  by  proper  test,  calculation 


Building  Code 


121 


and  inspection,  made  under  the  supervision  of  the 
Commissioner  of  Buildings  or  his  deputies. 

(b)  Every  elevator  shall  be  in  charge  of  a  compe¬ 
tent  operator,  except  freight  elevators  having  self¬ 
closing  gates  at  all  entrances,  or  elevators  that  are,  in 
the  opinion  of  the  Commissioner,  wholly  automatic. 
The  operator  must  be  not  less  than  eighteen  (18)  years 
of  age,  with  at  least  one  (1)  month’s  experience’  in 
running  an  elevator  under  the  instruction  of  a  compe¬ 
tent  person.  In  case  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings 
shall  become  satisfied  that  the  person  employed  in 
running  the  elevator  is  incompetent  or  disqualified  from 
any  cause  to  continue  to  run  the  same,  the  owner  or 
person  managing  or  controlling  the  elevator  shall,  upon 
notice  from  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  at  once 
replace  the  said  operator  by  a  competent  operator. 

(c)  In  case  defects  are  found  to  exist  which  en¬ 
danger  life  or  limb  by  the  continued  use  of  an  elevator, 
or  in  case  of  failure  to  comply  with  the  requirements 
of  this  code,  upon  notice  from  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings,  the  use  of  such  elevator  shall  cease,  and  it 
shall  not  again  be  used  until  a  certificate  shall  be  first 
obtained  from  said  Commissioner  of  Buildings  that 
such  elevator  has  been  made  safe.  The  wire  ropes 
which  shall  be  approved  for  use  on  any  elevator  shall 
have  a  factor  of  safety  of  seven  (7),  and  no  drum  or 
sheave  shall  be  used  whose  diameter  is  less  than  thirty- 
two  (32)  diameters  of  the  rope.  All  platforms  and  sup¬ 
porting  beams  shall  have  a  factor  of  safety  of  four 
(4),  except  members  subjected  to  impact  where  the 
factor  of  safety  shall  be  eight  (8).  When  a  platform 
or  rope  shows  deterioration  of  twenty-five  (25)  per 
cent,  it  shall  be  considered  unsafe. 

Section  499.  Counterweights. 

All  counterweights  shall  have  their  sections  strongly 
bolted  together  by  bolts  passing  through  each  weight, 
and  shall  be  so  situated  that  they  cannot  fall  on  any 
part  of  the  elevator  or  machinery.  There  shall  not  be 
less  than  thirty  (30)  inches  clearance  between  the  top 
of  the  counterweight  and  the  under  side  of  the  over¬ 
head  beams  or  sheaves  when  the  car  'rests  on  bumpers. 

Section  500.  Governors  for  Elevators. 

All  freight  and  passenger  elevators  (except  hand- 
power)  shall  be  provided  with  an  automatic  down- 
speed  governor  or  regulator,  and  all  elevators  of  the 


122 


Building  Code 


plunger  type  shall  be  provided  with  down-speed  and 
up-speed  governors  or  regulators.  Down-speed  gover¬ 
nors  shall  be  operated  by  Hawser  laid  Manila  rope,  or 
preferably  by  wire  cable,  and  the  safety  devices  for 
use  on  steel  guides  must  be  provided  with  some  device 
acceptable  to  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  to  pre¬ 
vent  overstrain  of  any  of  its  parts.  Every  power  ele¬ 
vator  shall  be  provided  with  a  limitation  device  to 
stop  the  car  at  upper  and  lower  landings  automatically, 
and  a  device  to  stop  unwinding  of  cables  from  the 
drum,  in  case'of  a  stoppage  of  descending  car  from  anv 
cause.  All  freight  elevators  controlled  by  cable  shall 
be  provided  with  a  lock  to  hold  them  at  floors  when 
loading.  No  elevator  hereafter  installed  shall  be  per¬ 
mitted  to  have  attached  above  or  below  the  cars  a 
freight  compartment  or  similar  device. 

Section  501.  Clearances  for  Elevators. 

A  clear  space  of  not  less  than  twenty-four  (24) 
inches  must  be  provided  between  the  bottom  of  the 
shaft  and  the  lowest  point  on  the  elevator  car  when  at 
its  lowest  landing  and  between  the  highest  part  of  the 
car  and  the  overhead  grating  when  at  the  top  landing. 
In  case  of  the  cars  having  a  speed  greater  than  350 
feet  (per  minute),  said  clearances  shall  be  four  (4) 
feet  at  the  bottom  and  six  (6)  feet  at  the  top.  In 
all  passenger  elevator  cabs  hereafter  altered  or  in¬ 
stalled,  the  portion  of  the  top  over  the  door  opening 
shall  be  hinged  to  swing  up. 

Section  502.  Alterations  to  Elevator  Shafts. 

In  making  changes  or  alterations  to  elevator  shafts,, 
guide  posts,  overhead  machinery  or  power,  such  work 
must  be  made  to  conform  with  the  present  law  and 
regulations. 

Section  503.  Alterations  of  Hoists,  Scaffolds, 
Ropes,  etc. 

All  hoists,  scaffolds,  ropes,  derricks  and  other  similar 
apparatus  or  structures  used  in  the  erection  of  new 
buildings,  shall  be  constructed  in  a  safe  manner,  subject 
to  the  inspection  and  approval  of  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings.  The  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  or  his 
Deputies,  shall  inspect  from  time  to  time  all  ropes  used 
by  contractors  to  support  the  scaffolds  upon  which 
persons  are  required  to  stand  or  sit  while  in  the  per¬ 
formance  of  work  for  such  contractors.  When  such 
inspection  has  been  made  the  Commissioner  of  Build- 


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ings  shall  issue  a  permit  as  to  such  rope,  ladder  or 
scaffolding,  and  fasten  upon  such  a  rope,  a  metal  clasp 
indicating  by  its  number  and  the  corresponding  entries 
on  his  official  record  books  the  date  of  such  inspection 
and  approval.  If,  in  the  opinion  of  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings,  any  scaffolding  or  other  appliances  ex¬ 
amined  by  him  is  unfit  for  use,  the  same  shall  be 
condemned.  No  rope  made  of  materials  other  than 
metal  or  Manila  No.  1  shall  be  used  by  any  contractor 
to  support  boards  or  scaffolding  upon  which  persons 
are  required  to  stand  or  sit  while  performing  work  for 
such  contractors,  nor  until  after  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings  or  one  of  his  Deputies  has  inspected  and 
approved  such  Manila  rope  within  ninety  (90)  days 
prior  to  such  use;  provided,  however,  that  after  any 
such  rope  has  been  used  in  and  about  any  work  involv¬ 
ing  the  use  of  muriatic  acid,  ammoniacal  acid  or  any 
other  fluid  which  has  a  tendency  to  rapidly  decompose, 
consume  or  weaken  such  ropes,  then  such  ropes  shall 
not  be  again  used  for  any  purpose  requiring  persons  to 
be  supported  thereby,  until  affer  the  same  have  been 
submitted  to  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  for  in¬ 
spection,  and  have  been  approved  by  him  as  sound  and 
sufficient  for  the  purpose  intended.  All  ladders  and 
scaffolding  used  by  contractors  as  aforesaid  shall  be 
examined  to  see  that  they  are  in  good  condition,  and 
all  contractors  shall  furnish  rubber  covering  for  ropes 
where  acids  or  any  other  fluid  tending  to  destroy  ropes 
or  wood  are  used.  All  hooks  used  by  contractors  shall 
be  made  of  best  iron  or  steel. 

Section  504.  Guards  and  Protection  to  Workmen. 

In  the  erection  of  new  buildings,  no  building  shall 
be  carried  up  more  than  one  (1)  story  above  any  un¬ 
covered  tier  of  joists  or  beams,  unless  said  tier  of 
joists  or  beams  be  covered  over  its  entire  area  with 
suitable  plank  or  boards  laid  in  a  safe  and  secure 
manner.  Proper  guards  shall  be  placed  and  maintained 
around  all  hatchways,  stairways  and  other  openings. 
All  ladders  used  in  the  construction  of  buildings  shall 
be  strongly  built  and  firmly  set  in  place,  and  shall  have 
at  least  one  side  piece  at  the  top  extended  three  (3) 
feet  above  the  landing,  and  no  workmen  shall  be  em¬ 
ployed  to  work  in  any  position  where  other  workmen 
are  liable  to  drop  building  materials  or  too’s  upon  them. 

Section  505.  Window  Cleaning  Device. 

Tn  every  fireproof  or  semi-fireproof  building  now  in 
existence  or  hereafter  erected  every  window  above  the 
second  story  thereof  shall  be  equipped  with  a  suitable 


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device  which  will  permit  the  cleaning  of  the  exterior 
of  such  windows  without  endangering  life  and  limb. 
Provided,  however,  that  such  device  need  not  be  placed 
on  any  window  that  can  be  easily  cleaned  from  within. 

Chapter  4.  —  Stairways  and  Exits. 

Section  506.  Egress  in  General. 

In  all  buildings  of  a  public  character,  such  as  hotels, 
theaters,  restaurants,  railroad  depots,  public  halls, 
churches  and  other  buildings,  used  or  intended  to  be 
used  for  purposes  of  public  assembly,  amusement  or 
instruction,  and  including  department  stores  and  other 
business  and  manufacturing  buildings,  where  large 
numbers  of  people  are  congregated,  the  exit  doors  must 
open  outward  and  the  halls,  doors,  stairways,  seats, 
passageways  and  aisles  and  all  lighting  and  heating 
appliances  and  apparatus  shall  be  arranged,  as  the 
Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall  direct,  to  facilitate 
egress  in  case  of  fire  or  accident,  and  to  afford  the 
requisite  and  proper  accommodation  for  public  protec¬ 
tion  in  such  cases.  .  All  aisles  and  passageways  in  said 
building  shall  be  kept  free  from  camp  stools,  chairs, 
sofas,  drop  seats  and  other  obstructions,  and  no  person 
shall  be  allowed  to  stand  in  or  occupy  any  of  said 
aisles  or  passageways  during  any  performance,  exhibi¬ 
tion,  lecture,  concert,  ball  .  or  any  public  assemblage. 
The  Commissioner  of  Buildings  may  at  any  time  serve 
a  written  or  printed  notice  upon  the  owner,  lessee  or 
manager  of  said  buildings  directing  any  act  or  thing 
to  be  done  or  provided  in  or  about  said  buildings  and 
the  several  appliances  connected  therewith,  such  as 
halls,  doors,  stairs,  windows,  seats,  aisles,  firewalls,  fire 
apparatus  and  fire  escapes,  as  may  be  necessary  for 
the  safety  of  occupants  or  the  public. 

Section  507.  Auditoriums,  Assembly  Halls  and 
Picture  Machine  Theaters. 

Every  auditorium,  assembly  hall  and  picture  machine 
theater  shall  have  suitable  and  ample  means  of  exit 
and  ample  space  for  the  use  of  the  audience  in  leaving 
the  building.  When  such  auditorium,  assembly  hall  or 
picture  machine  theater  accommodates  three  hundred 
(300)  persons,  or  less  there  shall  be  -at  least  two  (2) 
exits,  and  when  such  auditorium  and  assembly  hall 
accommodates  from  three  hundred  (300)  to  five  hun¬ 
dred  (500)  persons,  there  shall  not  be  less  than  three 


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125 


(3)  exits.  #  No  such  doorway  or  exit  shall  be  less  than 
five  (5)  feet  in  width.  For  every  one  hundred  (100) 
persons  additional  or  fraction  thereof  to  be  accommo¬ 
dated  in  auditoriums  and  assembly  halls  in  excess  of 
five  hundred  (500)  persons,  twenty  (20)  inches  addi¬ 
tional  exit  capacity  shall  be  provided.  All  exits  in  such 
buildings  shall  be  as  far  remote  from  one  another  as 
practicable,  and  they  shall  in  all  in  cases  be  either  on 
opposite  sides  or  ends  of  such  auditorium,  assembly 
hall  or  picture  machine  theater.  The  exits  from  gal¬ 
leries  of  such  auditorium,  assembly  hall  or  picture 
machine  theater  shall  be  separate  and  distinct  from  the 
exits  from  the  main  floor.  No  galleries  shall  have  less 
than  two  (2)  such  independent  staircases  and  exits, 
and  they  shall  be  located  on  opposite  sides  of  the  gal¬ 
lery.  All  portions  of  all  exits  in  all  auditoriums,  as¬ 
sembly  halls  or  picture  machine  theaters  hereafter 
erected  shall  be  fireproof.  All  picture  machine  theaters 
hereafter  erected  or  buildings  converted  to  picture  ma¬ 
chine  theaters  shall  have  brick  or  fireproof  inclosing 
walls,  ,  and  when  they  have  a  seating  capacity  in  excess 
of  three  hundred  (300)  persons  they  shall  conform  to 
the  requirements  for  theaters.  No  theater  or  picture 
machine  theater  shall  be  less  than  thirty  (30)  feet  in 
width,  nor  the  ceiling  less  than  fifteen  (15)  feet  in 
height,  and  there  shall  be  two  (2)  exits  in  the  rear 
protected  by  fireproof  partitions  in  all  buildings  here¬ 
after  erected  or  converted  into  a  picture  machine  thea¬ 
ter  on  an  inlot.  Where  buildings  are  hereafter  erected 
or  converted  into  picture  machine  theaters  that  are 
situated  upon  a  corner  lot  where  exits  can  be  put  into 
the  side  wall  upon  street  or  alley  corner,  the  same  may 
he  constructed  twenty-five  (25)  feet  in  width,  and 
fireproof  partitions  may  be  omitted. 

Section  508.  Egress  to  Theaters. 

Every  theater  shall  have  at  least  one  (1)  principal 
means  of  egress  to  a  street.  Every  theater  shall  have 
an  open  space  on  each  side,  except  as  hereinafter  pro¬ 
vided,  and  such  open  space  shall  extend  the  full  length 
of  the  auditorium  proper.  When  such  open  space  is 
not  a  street  or* alley,  it  shall  be  eight  (8)  feet  wide, 
and  when  the  seating  capacity  exceeds  eighteen  hun¬ 
dred  (1,800)  it  shall  be  ten  (10)  feet  wide,  and  shall 
in  all  cases  extend  clear  and  unobstructed  to  the  street 
or  alley  or  public  space,  or  to  a  fireproof  corridor  of 
the  same  width  leading  directly  to  the  street  or  alley 


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or  public  space.  Provided,  however,  thafi  die  Building 
Commissioner  may  authorize  such  reasonable  modifica¬ 
tions  of  these  space  requirements  as  unusual  building- 
conditions  may,  in  his  judgment,  justify.  When  such 
spaces  ,or  corridors  are  provided  with  doors  or  gates, 
these  shall  open  towards  the  street  or  alley  or  public 
space,  and  they  shall  be  kept  open  by  proper  fastenings 
during  performances.'  No  exits  shall  be  obstructed  in 
any  way,  and  shall  be  used  for  no  other  purpose  than 
for  entrance  and  exit  to  and  from  the  theater  and 
stage,  and  must  be  kept  free  and  clear  during  per¬ 
formances.  The  level  of  all  corridors,  open  spaces  and 
exits  shall  not  be  more  than  one  step  above  the  level 
of  the  sidewalk,  where  they  begin  at  the  street  or  alley 
or  public  space.  When  the  principal  means  of  egress 
for  the  open  spaces  is  to  an  alley  or  public  space,  such 
alley  or  public  space  as  a  means  of  egress  must  be  ap¬ 
proved  by  the  Commissioner.  To  overcome  slight  dif¬ 
ferences  of  levels  in  and  between  any  open  space  on 
the  side  of  such  theater  or  in  and  between  any  corri¬ 
dors,  lobbies,  passageways  and  aisles  on  the  ground 
floor,  gradients  shall  be  employed  with  no  vertical 
risers.  From  the  auditorium  to  the  open  spaces  above 
provided  there  shall  be  not  less  than  two  (2)  exits  on 
each  side  of  the  parquet  and  each  gallery.  Each  exit 
shall  be  at  least  five  (5)  feet  in  width  in  the  clear, 
and  shall  be  provided  with  fireproof  doors,  opening 
outwardly  and  fastened  with  movable  bolts,  which  shall 
be  kept  drawn  during  performances.  There  shall  be 
balconies  not  less  than  four  (4)  feet  in  width  in  Tsaid 
open  spaces  at  each  level  or  tier  above  the  parquet, 
of  sufficient  length  to  embrace  the  two  (2)  exits,  and 
from  said  balconies  there  shall  be  staircases  extending 
to  the  ground  level  with  a  rise  of  not  more  than  nine 
(9)  inches  to  a  step  and  not  less  than  nine  (9)  inches 
tread,  exclusive  of  the  nosing,  and  not  less  than  thirty- 
six  (36)  inches  in  width  in  the  clear.  All  such  stairs 
and  balconies  shall  be  constructed  entirely  of  fireproof 
material.  Where  the  open  space  on  either  side  of  the 
auditorium  is  a  street,  alleys  or  public  space,  not  more 
than  twenty-five  (25)  feet  of  space  between  the  street, 
alley  or  public  space  and  the  auditorium  may  be  used 
for  other  purposes  not  otherwise  prohibited  in  this  code, 
provided  that  such  portion  of  the  building  is  entirely 
separated  by  fireproof  walls  extending  through  the 
roof,  and  the  exits  and  corridors  are  completely  and 
entirely  cut  off  by  means  of  fireproof  walls.  The  audi- 


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127 


torium  shall  be  separated  from  the  entrance  vestibule 
and  from  any  room  or  rooms  oyer  the  same  and  from 
all  lobbies,  corridors,  refreshment  rooms  or  any  other 
rooms  in  the  building  by  fireproof  walls.  In  lieu  of 
said  open  spaces  fireproof  corridors  may  be  constructed 
from  each  tier  independently  and  unobstructed,  and 
having  separate  fireproof  stairs  to  a  street,  alley  or 
public  space. 

Section  509.  Seats  and  Aisles  in  Theaters. 

All  seats  in  the  auditorium  shall  not  be  less  than 
thirty-two  (32)  inches  from  back  to  back,  measured 
in  a  horizontal  direction,  and  all  seats  shall' be  firmly 
secured  to  the  floor.  No  seat  in  the  auditorium  shall 
have  more  than  six  (6)  seats  intervening  between  it 
and  the  aisle.  In  galleries,  all  platforms  formed  to  re¬ 
ceive  the  seats  shall  be  not  more  than  twenty-one  (21) 
inches  in  height  of  riser  nor  less  than  thirty-two  (32) 
inches  in  width  of  the  platform.  All  aisles  having  seats 
on  both  sides  of  the  same  shall  not  be  less  than  three 
(3)  feet  wide  where  they  begin,  and  shall  be  increased 
in  width  toward  the  exits  ’in  the  ratio  of  one  and  one- 
half  (V-£)  inches  to  five  (0)  running  feet.  All  aisles 
having  seats  on  one  side  only  shall  be  not  less  than 
two  (2)  feet  wide  at  their  beginning  and  increased  in 
width  the  same  as  aisles  having  seats  on  both  sides. 
The  aggregate  capacity  of  the  foyers,  lobbies,  corri¬ 
dors,  passages  and  rooms  for  the  use  of  the  audience, 
not  including  aisle  space  between  the  seats,  shall  on 
each  floor  or  gallery  be  sufficient  to  contain  the  entire 
number  to  be  accommodated  on  said  floor  or  gallery, 
in  the  ratio  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  (150)  superficial 
feet  of  floor  room  for  every  one  hundred  (100)  persons. 
Gradients  or  inclined  planes  shall  be  employed  instead 
of  steps  where  possible  to  overcome  slight  differences 
of  level  in  or  between  aisles,  corridors  and  passages. 

Section  510.  Exits  in  Theaters. 

Every  theater  shall  have  at  least  three  (3)  exits  in 
addition  to  the  exits  provided  for  the  open  spaces. 
Distinct  and  separate  places  of  exit  and  entrance  shall 
be  provided  for  each  gallery  above  the  first.  A  com¬ 
mon  place  of  exit  and  entrance  may  serve  for  the  main 
floor  of  the  auditorium  and  the  first  gallery,  provided 
its  capacity  be  equal  to  the  aggregate  capacity  of  the 
outlets  from  the  main  floor  and  the  said  gallery.  No 
passage  leading  to  any  stairway  communicating  with 
any  entrance  or  exit  shall  be  less  than  four  (4)  feet  in 


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width  in  any  part  thereof.  All  doors  to  all  exits  shall 
in  all  cases  be  fireproof  doors,  and  shall  open  outward¬ 
ly,  and  shall  be  hung  to  stving  in  such  a  maner  so  as  not 
to  become  an  obstruction  in  a  passage  or  corridor,  and 
no  such  doors  shall  be  closed  and  locked  during  any 
representation  or  when  the  building  is  opened  to  the 
public.  No  door  shall  open  immediately  upon  a  flight 
of  stairs,  but  in  all  cases  a  landing  at  least  the  width 
of  the  doors  shall  be  provided  between  such  stairs 
and  said  doors. 

Section  511.  Stairs  in  Theaters. 

All  stairs  within  the  building  shall  be  constructed  of 
fireproof  materials  throughout.  Stairs  from  balconies 
and  galleries  shall  not  communicate  with  the  basement 
or  cellar.  All  stairs  shall  have  treads  of  uniform 
widths  and  risers  of  uniform  height  throughout  in  each 
flight.  Stairways  serving  for  the  exit  of  fifty  (50) 
people  shall  be  at  least  four  (4)  feet  wide  between 
railings,  and  for  every  additional  seventy-five  (75) 
people  to  be  accommodated  six  (6)  inches  must  be 
added  to  their  width.  The  width  of  all  stairs  shall  be 
measured  in  the  clear  between  hand  rails.  In  no  case 
shall  risers  exceed  seven  and  one-half  (7f4)  inches  in 
height,  nor  shall  the  treads,  exclusive  of  nosings,  be 
less  than  ten  and  one-half  (10N>)  inches  wide  in 
straight  stairs.  No  circular  or  winding  stairs  for  the 
use  of  the  public  shall  be  permitted.  Where  the  seating 
capacity  is  for  more  than  one  thousand  (1,000)  people 
there  shall  be  at  least  two  (2)  independent  staircases, 
with  direct  exterior  outlets  provided  for  each,  gallery 
in  the  auditorium  where  there  are  not  more  than  two 
(2)  galleries,  and  the  same  shall  be  located  on  opposite 
sides  of  the  said  galleries.  Where  there  are  more  than 
two  (2)  galleries,  one  (1)  or  more  additional  staircas'es 
shall  be  provided,  the  outlets  of  which  shall  commu¬ 
nicate  directly  with  the  principal  exit  or  other  ‘exterior 
outlets.  All  said  staircases  shall  be  of  width  propor¬ 
tionate  to  the  seating  capacity  as  elsewhere  herein  pre¬ 
scribed.  Where  the  seating  capacity  is  for  one  thou¬ 
sand  (1,000)  people  or  less,  two  direct  lines  or  stair¬ 
cases  only  shall  be  required,  located  on  opposite  sides 
of  the  galleries,  and  in  both  cases  shall  extend  from 
sidewalk  level  to  the  upper  gallery,  with  outlets  from 
each  gallery  to  each  of  said  staircases.  At  least  two 
independent  staircases  with  direct  exterior  outlets  shall 
also  be  provided  for  the  service  of  the  stage,  and 
shall  be  located  on  opposite  sides  of  the  same. 


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129 


Section  512.  Stair  Inclosures  in  Theaters. 

All  staircases  in  theaters  shall  be  inclosed  with  walls 
of  brick  or  other  fireproof  material,  and  the  openings 
to  such  staircases  from  each  tier  shall  be  full  width 
of  the  staircase.  Stairs  leading  to  the  first  or  lower 
gallery  may  be  left  open  on  one  side,  in  which  case 
they  shall  be  constructed  as  herein  provided  for  simi¬ 
lar  stairs  leading  from  the  entrance  hall  to  the  main 
floor  of  the  auditorium.  But  in  no  case  shall  stairs 
leading  to  any  gallery  be  left  open  on  both  sides.  When 
straight  stairs  return  directly  on  themselves,  a  land¬ 
ing  shall  be  provided  extending  across  the  full  width 
of  both  flights  without  any  steps  and  a  depth  equal 
to  the  width  of  one  (1)  flight. 

Section  513.  Stair  Landings  in  Theaters. 

The  outer  line  of  landings  shall  be  curved  to  a  radius 
of  not  less  than  three  (3)  feet  to  avoid  square  angles. 
Stairs  turning  at  an  angle  shall  have  a  proper  landing 
without  winders  introduced  at  said  turn.  In  stairs, 
when  the  two  (2)  side  flights  connect  with  one  (l) 
main  flight,  no  winders  shall  be  introduced  and  the 
width  of  the  main  flight  shall  be  at  least  equal  to -the 
aggregate  width  of  the  side  flight.  All  stairs  shall  have 
proper  landings  introduced  at  convenient  distances. 
All  inclosed  staircases  shall  have  on  both  sides  strong 
hand  rails  firmly  secured  to  the  wall  about  three  (3) 
feet  above  the  stairs,  but  said  hand  rails  shall  not  run 
on  level  platform  and  landings  where  the  same  is  more 
in  length  than  the  width  of  the  stairs.  All  staircases 
eight  (8)  feet  and  over  in  width  shall  be  provided  with 
a  center  hand  rail  of  metal  not  less  than  two  (2)  inches 
in  diameter,  placed  ’  at  a  height  of  about  three  (3) 
feet  above  the  center  of  the  treads,  and  supported  on 
metal  standards  of  sufficient  strength,  placed  not  nearer 
than  four  (4)  feet  or  more  than  six  (6)  feet  apart, 
and  securely  bolted  to  the  treads  or  risers  of  the 
stairs,  or  both,  and  at  the  head  of  each  flight  of  stairs 
on  each  landing  the  post  or  standard  to  which  the  rail 
shall  be  secured  shall  be  at  least  six  (0)  feet  in  height. 

Section  514.  Exit  Displays  in  Theaters. 

A  diagram  or  plan  of  each  tier,  gallery  or  floor,  show¬ 
ing  distinctly  the  exits  therefrom,  each  occupying  a 
space  not  less  than  fifteen  (15)  square  inches,  shall 
he  printed  in  black  lines  in  a  legible  manner  on  the 
program  of  the  performance.  Every  exit  shall  have 


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over  the  same  on  the  inside  the  word  “EXIT”  painted 
in  legible  letters,  not  less  than  eight  (8)  inches  high, 
and  in  addition  shall  be  marked  by  a  gas  light  with  a 
green  globe,  placed  over  the  center  of  the  opening  and 
kept  burning  during  the  entire  performance  and  until 
the  audience  has  been  dismissed. 

Section  515.  Egress  in  Other  Than  Theaters. 

In  factories  and  workshops  more  than  two  (2)  stories 
in  height  all  staircases  shall  have  a  fireproof  exit  on 
the  ground  floor  to  the  street,  alloy  or  to  a  court  or 
yard  opening  on  a  street  or  alley.  All  stores,  hotels 
and  lodging  houses  shall  be  provided  with  exit  ca¬ 
pacity  equal  to  a  width  of  twenty-five  (25)  per  cent, 
in  excess  of  the  width  of  all  stairways.  Every  tene¬ 
ment  house  hereafter  erected  shall  have  at  least  one 
(1)  entrance  hall  leading  directly  from  a  street,  alley  or 
yard  to  the  stair  hall,  and  the  same  shall  be  at  least 
three  (3)  feet  and  six  (6)  inches  wide  in  the  clear  up 
to  and  including  the  stair  inclosure,  and  beyond  this 
point  the  public  hall  shall  be  at  least  three  (3)  feet 
wide  in  the  clear.  If  the  above  entrance  hall  is  the 
only  entrance  to  more  than  one  staircase,  that  portion 
between  the  entrance  and  the  first  staircase  shall  be 
increased  one-half  (J4)  in  width  in  every  part  for  each 
such  additional  staircase,  and  a  proportionate  amount 
throughout.  In  tenement  houses  having  more  than  one 
(1)  stairway  from  the  street  or  alley  to  a  common  stair 
hall  on  the  second  floor,  one  of  the  entrances  only  must 
conform  with  the  width  hereinbefore  given.  Whenever 
fire  walls  are  provided,  dividing  any  building  into  sec¬ 
tions,  as  hereinbefore  required,  each  such  section  shall 
be  considered  a  separate  building  for  the  purposes 
of  providing  proper  egress  in  accordance  with  the 
requirements  of  this  code. 

Section  516.  Egress  in  Factory  and  Workshop. 

In  all  buildings  having  more  than  one  (1)  stairway, 
each  stairway  shall  be  as  remote  from  onp  another  as 
practicable.  Ail  buildings  used  as  factories  and  work¬ 
shops  more  than  two  (2)  stories  in  height  shall  be 
provided  with  at  least  two  (2)  means  of  exit,  one  of 
which  shall  be  a  stairway  not  less  than  three  (3)  feet 
and  six  (6)  inches  in  width,  and  shall  be  increased  in 
width  up  to  five  (5)  feet,  for  the  entire  height,  six  (6) 
inches  for  each  story  in  excess  of  four  (4)  stories. 
Whenever  the  floor  areas  of  such  building  exceeds  five 


Building  Code 


131 


\ 


thousand  (5,000)  square  feet,  or  when  the  number  of 
persons  employed  in  such  building  exceeds  three  hun¬ 
dred  (300),  they  shall  be  provided  with  three  (3) 
means  of  exit,  two  (2)  of  which  shall  be  stairways, 
and  the  third  may  be  a  fire  escape.  Such  stairways 
shall  not  be  less  than  three  f3)  feet  and  six  (6)  inches 
in  width.  All  exterior  and  vestibule  doors  to  factories 
and  workshops  now  in  existence,  or  hereafter  erected, 
shall  be  made  to  open  outward. 

Section  517.  Egress  in  Stores. 

Store  buildings  more  than  two  (2)  stories  in  height 
shall  be  provided  with  at  least  two  (2)  means  of  exit, 
one  of  which  shall  be  a  stairway;  and  when  the  floor 
area  exceeds  five  thousand  (5,000)  square  feet,  they 
shall  be  provided  with  at  least  three  (3)  means  of 
exit,  two  (2)  of  which  are  stairways.  No  stairs  in  any 
factory,  workshop  or  store  building  shall  contain  any 
winders.  Elevators  shall  not  be  considered  as  exits 
under  this  section.  Exit  by  other  means  than  stairways 
shall  be  by  outside  fire  escapes.  All  exterior  and  ves¬ 
tibule  doors  to  stores,  now  in  existence  and  hereafter 
erected  shall  be  made  to  open  outward.  Revolving 
doors  shall  not  be  considered  as  means  of  egress  within 
the  meaning  of  this  code. 

Section  518.  Stairs  in  Factories,  Workshops, 
Stores,  Hotels  and  Office  Buildings. 

All  stairs  in  factories,  workshops,  stores,  hotels  and 
office  buildings,  hereafter  erected,  shall  be  inclosed 
from  the  bottom  to  the  top  with  incombustible  parti¬ 
tions,  fireproof  doors  and  windows,  and  if  glass  is  used 
in  the  inclosure  of  these  stairs  for  the  purpose  of  light¬ 
ing  the  same,  it  must  be  fireproof  glass,  placed  in  fire¬ 
proof  sash.  All  doors  to  same  must  be  self-closing. 
All  such  stairs  shall  have  treads  of  uniform  width  and 
risers  of  uniform  height  throughout  in  each  flight.  The 
risers  shall  be  not  more  than  eight  (8)  inches  in  height, 
and  the  treads,  exclusive  of  the  nosing,  shall  be  not  less 
than  ten  (10)  inches.  No  flight  of  stairs  shall  exceed 
a  vertical  height  of  more  than  twelve  (12)  feet.  Where 
the  stories  are  higher  than  twelve  (12)  feet,  proper 
landings  shall  be  introduced.  All  stairs  shall  be  pro¬ 
vided  with  secure  railings  and  hand  rails  and  kept  in 
good  repair.  Whenever  slate,  marble  or  stone  are  used 
for  treads,  the  same  shall  be  solidly  supported,  and  in 
such  a  manner  that  when  the  same  are  broken  or  re- 


132 


Building  Code 


moved,  a  sufficient  tread  will  remain  so  as  not  to  render 
the  stair  impassable.  Escalators  or  endless  or  revolv¬ 
ing  stairs  shall  be  deemed  stairs  and  shall  comply  with 
the  requirements  contained  in  this  section  for  the  in¬ 
closures  of  stairs.  Store  buildings  having  more  than 
one  (1)  stairway,  one  (1)  of  the  stairways  may  be  an 
open  stairway.  In  store  buildings,  the  doors  leading  to 
the  stairs  shall  have  the  word  “EXIT”  painted  in 
legible  letters  not  less  than  eight  (8)  inches  high. 
One  inclosure  may  include  the  elevator  and  stairs. 

Section  519.  Stairs  in  Existing  Buildings. 

In  any  existing  building  (other  than  fireproof  office 
buildings)  in  which  the  stairs  are  not  inclosed  as  may 
be  required  by  this  code  in  new  buildings  of  the  class 
to  which  it  belongs,  such  stairs  shall  be  inclosed,  unless 
in  the  opinion  of  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  local 
conditions  in  such  building  render  the  full  and  complete 
application  of  such  requirements  impossible  or  imprac¬ 
ticable,  in  which  case  the  said  stairs  shall  be  inclosed 
in  a  manner  prescribed  by  the  Commissioner  of  Build¬ 
ings,  and  to  his  entire  approval  and  satisfaction.  In 
existing  store  buildings  the  doors  leading  to  the  stairs 
shall  have  painted  immediately  above  them  the  word 
“EXIT”  in  legible  letters  not  less  than  eight  (8)  inches 
high. 

Section  520.  Stairs  in  Hotels  and  Lodging  Houses. 

In  every  hotel  and  lodging  house,  hereafter  erected, 
to  be  occupied  by  more  than  one  hundred  (100)  per¬ 
sons,  or  of  twenty-five  hundred  (2,500)  feet  in  area, 
and  not  exceeding  five  thousand  (5,000)  feet,  there 
shall  be  provided  at  least  two  (2)  continuous  lines  of 
stairs ;  and  every  such  building  shall  have  at  least  one 
(1)  continuous  line  of  stairs  for  each  five  thousand 
(5,000)  feet  of  area  covered  or  part  thereof  in  excess 
of  that  required  for  five  thousand  (5,000)  feet  of  area. 
The  width  of  such  stairway  shall  be  not  less  than  three 

(3)  feet  and  six  (6)  inches  in  the  clear. 

* 

Section  521.  Stairs  in  Tenement  Houses. 

Every  tenement  house,  hereafter  erected,  shall  have 
at  least  one  (1)  stairway  not  less  than  three  (3)  feet 
and  six  (6)  inches  in  width,  when  containing  over 
twenty-six  (26)  apartments  or  suites  of  rooms  above 
the  entrance  story,  shall  have  an  additional  staircase 
for  every  additional  twenty-six  (26)  apartments  or 


% 

Building  Code 


133 


fraction  thereof.  If  said  house  contains  more  than 
thirty-six  (36)  apartments  above  the  entrance  door, 
in  lieu  of  an  additional  staircase,  the  stairs,  stairhalls 
and  entrance  halls  throughout  the  entire  building  shall 
each  be  at  least  one-half  (J4)  wider  than  is  specified 
in  this  code.  Every  tenement  house  hereafter  erected, 
containing  over  thirty-six  (36)  apartments  or  suites 
of  rooms  above  the  entrance  story,  shall  also  have  an 
additional  staircase  for  every  additional  thirty-six  (36) 
apartments  or  fraction  thereof,  but  if  said  house  con¬ 
tains  not  more  than  forty-eight  (48)  apartments  above 
the  entrance  floor,  in  lieu  of  an  additional  staircase, 
the  stairs,  stairhalls  and  entrance  halls  throughout  the 
entire  building  shall  each  be  at  least  one-half  wider 
than  is  specified ;  and  if  said  house  contains  more  than 
eighty- four  (84)  apartments  above  the  entrance  story, 
in  lieu  of  three  (3)  staircases  there  may  be  but  two 
(2)-  staircases,  provided  that  one  of  such  staircases 
and  the  stairhalls  and  entrance  halls  connected  there¬ 
with  are  at  least  one-half  (J4)  wider  than  is  specified 
in  this  title.  In  all  tenement  houses  hereafter  erected, 
the  stairs  leading  to  the  cellar  may  be  located  inside 
the  building,  provided  they  are  entirely  inclosed  with 
fireproof  partition,  ceilings  and  self-closing  fireproof 
doors.  In  any  tenement  house  erected  prior  to  the 
passage  of  this  code,  any  new  stairs  that  may  be  here¬ 
after  constructed  leading  from  the  first  story  to  the 
cellar,  shall  be  entirely  inclosed  with  brick  walls  or 
other  fireproof  partitions,  and  the  openings  at  top  and 
bottom  shall  be  provided  with  self-closing  fireproof 
doors.  In  every  tenement,  house  all  stairways  shall  be 
provided  with  proper  balusters,  hand  rails  and  newels, 
and  must  be  kept  in  p-ood  repair.  In  non-fireproof 
tenement  houses,  hereafter  erected,  or  in  any  building 
altered  and  converted  into  tenement  houses,  or  in  any 
existing  tenement  house,  no  closet  of  any  kind  shall 
be  constructed  or  allowed  under  any  staircase  in  a 
public  hall,  but  such  space  shall  be  left  entirely  open 
and  kept  clear  and  free  from  encumbrances. 

Section  522.  Fire-escapes  on  Opera  Houses,  The¬ 
aters,  School  Houses  <\nd  Other  Buildings,  Where 
Necessary  to  Extend  Stairway  Entirely  to  the 
Ground. 

Where  exits  provided  for  in  the  previous  sections 
are  not  stairways  as  specified,  the  exists  shall  be  by 
means  of  fire  escapes  built  in  accordance  with  the 


134 


Building  Code 


specifications  of  the  State  of  Ohio  for  the  construction 
of  these  fire  escapes. 

Section  523.  Fire-escapes  for  Stores,  Workshops 
and  Factory  Buildings. 

The  fire  escapes  for  stores,  workshops  and  factory 
buildings  shall  be  constructed  in  accordance  with  the 
specifications  of  the  State  of  Ohio  for  workshops,  fac¬ 
tories  and  public  buildings. 

Section  524.  Fire-escapes  for  Tenement  Houses. 

Tenement  houses  three  (3)  or  more  stories  in  height, 
or  when  occupied  by  three  (3)  or  more  families,  must 
have  direct  access  to  a  fire  escape  and  a  stairway  or 
two  (2)  staircases  without  passing  through  another 
apartment  or  through  another  public  hall  containing 
a  staircase,  and  when  containing  but  one  (1)  stairway 
shall  be  provided  with  one  (1)  or  more  suitable  fire 
escapes,  made  of  wrought  iron  or  steel,  and  of  such 
number,  material,  construction  and  location  as  may  be 
approved  by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  unless  the 
stairways  are  fireproof  and  inclosed  with  walls  con¬ 
structed  of  or  covered  with  incombustible  material.  All 
fire  escapes  shall  connect  with  and  discharge  into  a 
yard,  street  or  alley.  No  fire  escape  shall  be  placed 
in  a  court,  unless  it  connects  at  the  bottom  of  such 
court  with  a  fireproof  passage  not  less  than  three  (3) 
feet  wide  and  seven  (7)  feet  high  leading  in  a  straight 
and  direct  line  unobstructed  to  a  street,  alley  or  -yard. 
When  fire  escapes  have  been  completed,  the  owner  or 
his  authorized  agent  must  notify  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings,  who  thereupon  must  inspect  the  same  and 
issue  a  certificate  of  approval,  provided  he  finds  the 
said  fire  escape  has  been  properly  constructed ;  and  no 
fire  escape  shall  be  deemed  as  complying  with  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  this  code  unless  the  Commissioner  of  Build¬ 
ings  shall  have  issued  a  certificate  of  approval. 

Section  525.  Fire  escapes  on  tenement  houses  must 
be  constructed  at  least  as  good  as  the  requirements 
of  the  following  specifications,  viz. : 

(a)  There  shall  be  one  balcony  for  each  floor  above 
the  first ;  said  balconies  shall  be  connected  with  stairs 
having  an  inclination  from  a  vertical  line  of  not  less 
than  six  (6)  inches  in  each  foot  in  length  thereof.  The 
sides  of  the  stringers  of  said  stairs  shall  not  be  less 
than  three  (3)  inches  in  width  and  one-fourth  (Fi) 
of  an  inch  thick. 


Building  Code 


135 


(b)  Treads — The  tread  to  be  one  (1)  inch  angle 
irons,  three-sixteenths  (3-16)  of  an  inch,  two  (2) 
pieces  to  each  step,  with  a  one  and  one-quarter  (1^4) 
inch  space  between.  Supporting  knee  to  be  one  (1) 
inch  angle  iron  three-sixteenths  (3-16)  of  an  inch 
thick,  well  riveted  to  the  sides  or  stringers  of  the 
stairs,  and  shall  be  not  more  than  ten  (10)  inches  nor 
less  than  eight  (8)  inches  apart.  The  length  between 
the  sides  of  the  stringers  shall  not  be  less  than  four¬ 
teen  (14)  inches. 

(c)  Hand  Rail — Each  flight  of  stairs  shall  have  a 
hand  rail  three-quarters  (H)  of  an  inch  in  diameter 
and  attached  to  the  outer  side  thereof.  The  upper  end 
of  each  stair  shall  be  securely  attached  to  a  bracket; 
and  the  lower  end  shall  rest  upon  and  be  substantially 
attached  to  a  bracket.  The  stairs  shall  be  hung  on 
one  side  of  or  between  the  windows  to  which  balconies 
are  attached,  and  on  the  outer  side  of  the  balcony, 
and  shall  be  stay-braced  with  a  one-half  (A)  inch 
round  brace  rod  attached  to  the  side  of  stairs  and 
firmly  anchored  in  the  wall  six  (6)  feet  above  the  floor 
of  the  balcony.  From  the  lowest  balcony  to  the  ground 
there  must  be  an  iron  stair  counterbalanced  so  that 
the  same  shall  remain  in  a  horizontal  position  when 
not  in  use.  This  stair  must  be  constructed  in  the  man¬ 
ner  and  with  the  same  material  as  those  of  upper  bal¬ 
conies,  except  there  will  be  only  one  hand  rail.  Where 
a  suspended  weight  is  used  as  a  counterbalance,  proper 
guides  and  a  seat  for  weight  must  be  provided.  If, 
in  the  opinion  of  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  the 
construction  of  a  counterbalance  stair  is  not  considered 
practicable,  he  may  permit  the  substitution  of  a  coun¬ 
terbalance  drop  ladder. 

(d)  Balanced  Drop  Ladders  and  Stairs — From  the 
balcony  to  the  ground  there  must  be  an  iron  stairs 
counterbalanced  so  as  to  remain  in  a  horizontal  posi¬ 
tion  when  not  in  use  by  weights  and  cable.  Weights 
to  operate  in  iron  guides  fastened  to  the  side  of  build¬ 
ing.  The  sides  of  stringers  shall  not  be  less  than  three 
inches  in  width  and  one-fourth  of  an  inch  in  thickness. 

(e)  Brackets — The  brackets  upon  which  the  stairs 
are  hung  and  upon  which  they  rest  shall  be  thirty  (30) 
inches  apart ;  all  other  brackets  shall  be  not  more  than 
eighteen  (18)  inches  apart.  I  he  end  brackets  and 
those  upon  which  the  stairs  rest  and  each  alternate 
bracket  shall  extend  through  and  be  fastened  upon 
the  inside  of  the  wall  with  five-eighths  (54)  of  an  inch 


136 


Building  Code 


nuts  and  iron  washers  for  bearings  not  less  than  four 
(4)  inches  outside  diameter;  all  other  brackets  will 
be  substantially  wedged  and  leaded  in  the  wall.  The 
intermediate  brackets  which  do  not  extend  through  the 
wall  shall  enter  the  wall  to  a  depth  of  not  less  than 
four  and  one-half  (4f4)  inches,  all  brackets  upon  which 
balconies  rest  shall  have  a  breadth  of  not  less  than 
one  and  one-half  (1J4")  inches,  and  a  thickness  of 
three-eighths  (34)  of  an  inch,  and  a  length  outside  the 
wall  of  thirty-two  (32)  inches,  except  brackets  used  for 
staying  the  frame  or  railing  of  the  balconies,  which 
brackets  shall  extend  eight  (8)  inches  beyond  the' 
width  of  the  balcony,  and  shall  have  a  width  of  one 
and  one-half  (lf4)  inches  and  a  thickness  of  three- 
eighths  (34)  of  an  inch. 

(f)  Bracket  Braces — Each  bracket  shall  have  at¬ 
tached  in  a  substantial  manner,  at  a  distance  of  three- 
fourths  (34)  of  its  length  outside  of  a  wall,  a  brace 
three-fourths  (34)  of  an  inch  scpiare,  the  bottom  end 
of  which  shall  be  fastened  into  the  wall  with  lead  a 
depth  of  not  less  than  two  (2)  inches  at  a  distance 
below  the  bracket  of  not  less  than  eighteen  (18) 
inches. 

(g)  Height  of  Balconies — The  height  of  balcony  rails 
shall  be  thirty  (30)  inches. 

(h)  Balcony  Frame — The  lowrer  frame  shall  consist 
of  one  and  one-fourth  (1*4)  inch  angle  iron,  one-fourth 
(%)  of  an  inch  thick.  The  upper  frame  shall  consist 
of  one  (1)  inch  angle  iron,  three-sixteenths  (3-16)  of 
an  inch  thick.  The  ends  of  such  frames  shall  extend 
through  the  walls  and  be  secured  by  nuts  and  plates 
same  as  brackets. 

*(i)  Uprights — For  corners  of  balconies  the  uprights 
shall  be  one  (1)  inch  angle  iron,  three-sixteenths  (3-16) 
of  an  inch  thick;  other  uprights  shall  be  not  less  than 
one  (1)  inch  wide  and  one-fourth  (/\)  of  an  inch 
thick ;  the  horizontal  bar  to  cross  pieces  shall  be  not 
less  than  one  (1)  inch  wide  and  three-sixteenths  (3-16) 
of  an  inch  thick. 

(j)  Length  of  Balconies — Balconies  must  in  all  cases, 
where  practicable,  cover  two  windows,  unless  otherwise 
directed  by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings.  When  over 
eight  (8)  feet  and  not  exceeding  sixteen  (16)  feet  in 
length,  shall  each  have  attached  at  the  center  of  its 
length  a  brace  five-eighths  '(34)  of  an  inch  square, 

1 

*As  amended  bv  Ordinance  No.  143-12,  passed 
March  5,  1912. 


Building  Code 


137 


fastened  to  the  top  rail  of  such  balcony,  and  to  a 
bracket  provided  for  that  purpose  which  extends  eight 
(8)  inches  beyond  the  width  of  the  balcony  and  at¬ 
tached  substantially  thereto.  When  balconies  exceed 
sixteen  (16)  feet  in  length  there  shall  be  one  such  brace 
for  every  eight  (8)  feet  of  length  thereof.  The  balcony 
frames  shall  be  substantially  secured  to  the  brackets. 

(k)  Platform  or  Floors — The  platform  or  floors  shall 
consist  of  wrought  iron  one  and  one-half  (l:/>)  inches 
wide,  three-sixteenths  (3-16)  of  an  inch  thick  and  not 
more  than  one  and  one-fourth  (1%)  inches  apart, 
securely  fastened  to  cross  pieces  of  the  same  material 
and  dimensions.  These  irons  forming  the  platform  must 
be  fastened  to  the  ends  and  side  frames  of  the  balcony. 

(l)  Openings  to  Stairs — The  well  hole  in  the  plat¬ 
form  to  the  stairs  shall  not  be  less  than  thirty  (30) 
inches  lengthwise  and  twenty  (20)  inches  crosswise 
with  tlie  balconies. 

(m)  Framing  Around  Openings — The  framing  around 
the  openings  shall  be  one  and  one-fourth  (Ipi)  inch 
angle  iron,  three-sixteenths  (3-16)  of  an  inch  thick 
with  an  intermediate  bracket  extending  into  the  wall 
two  (2)  inches. 

(n)  The  balconies  shall  be  fastened  to  the  outer  wall 
of  the  building  at  a  distance  of  not  more  than  twelve 
(12)  inches  below  the  window  sills.  All  rivets  em¬ 
ployed  in  the  construction  of  a  fire  escape  shall  be  of 
good,  soft,  wrought  iron,  and  shall  have  a  diameter  of 
not  less  than  one-fourth  (%)  of  an  inch.  Every  fire 
escape  on  completion  shall  be  given  two  (2)  coats  of 
metallic  paint.  The  counterbalance  cable  supporting 
the  weight  shall  not  be  less  than  three-eighths  (Fs) 
of  an  inch  in  diameter,  and  the  same  must  be  securely 
fastened  to  said  weight  and  must  be  carefully  covered 
with  metallic  paint. 

(o)  Any  other  type  of  fire  escape  may  be  used,  pro^ 
vided  that  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  will  approve 
it  as  being  as  good  at  least  as  the  requirements  of  the 
above  specifications. 

Section  526.  No  person  shall  .at  any  time  place  or 
maintain  any  incumbrance  before  or  upon  any  fire 
escape,  under  penalty  as  'provided  in  Sections  576  and 
577  herein. 

.Section  527.  The  owner,  manager,  or  any  person  or 
persons  having  charge  of  any  hotel  in  the  city  of  (  in- 
cinnati  shall  have  placards,  bearing  the  inscription. 
“To  the  Fire  Escape,”  posted  in  a  conspicuous  place 


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in  the  corridors  upon  every  floor,  above  the  first  floor, 
within  the  building,  leading  and  pointing  to  the  loca¬ 
tion  of  the  fire  escape.  Any  person  refusing  or  neg¬ 
lecting  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of  this  section 
shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and,  upon 
conviction  of  same  in  the  Police  Court,  be  fined  not  less 
than  ten  ($10.00)  dollars,  with  costs  of  prosecution. 

Section  528.  Inspection  of  Fire-Escapes. 

The  Commissioner  of  Buildings  shall  cause  an  inspec¬ 
tion  to  be  made  of  all  fire  escapes  on  all  buildings  at 
least  once  a  year,  to  ascertain  whether  the  same  are 
safe  and  not  weakened  by  corrosion,  and  that  the  same 
are  properly  painted  and  kept  in  repair.  He  shall  also 
cause  to  be  made  an  inspection  of  such  fire  escapes 
at  such  times  as  may  be  required,  to  ascertain  whether 
the  same  are  being,  at  any  time,  obstructed  in  any 
manner  whatever. 

Section  529.  Scuttles  and  Ladders. 

All  existing  buildings  shall  be  provided  with  a  ladder 
and  scuttle  door  to  the  roof  of  the  building  at  the 
head  of  all  stairs,  or  there  shall  be  posted  at  the  head 
of  such  stairs  a  direction  to  the  ladder,  scuttle  or  exit 
to  the  roof.  In  every  building  where  boilers  or  ma¬ 
chinery  are  placed  in  the  cellar  or  lowest  story,  there 
shall  be  a  stationary  iron  ladder  or  stairs  from  such 
story  leading  directly  to  an  outside  exit. 

SUB-TITLE  VI. 

SANITARY  PROVISIONS. 

Chapter  1. — Light  and  Air. 

Section  530.  Percentage  of  Lot  Occupancy. 

Xo  building  hereafter  erected  on  lots  of  which  the 
percentage  of  lot  occupancy  is  hereinafter  limited  shall 
occupy  such  a  percentage  of  the  lot  as  will  interfere 
with  facilities  to  suitably  light  and  ventilate  the  build¬ 
ing,  independent  of  the  use  of  adjoining  properties, 
unless  the  permission  of  such  use  of  adjoining  proper¬ 
ties  has  been  obtained  by  deed  duly  executed  and 
recorded.  Tenement  houses,  hotels  and  lodging  houses 
erected  on  corner  lots  twenty  (20)  feet  or  less  in  width 
may  occupy  one  hundred  (100)  per  cent,  of  the  area 
of  the  lot,  and  such  percentage  may  be  figured  for  any 


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139 


lot  on  the  corner  for  the  first  twenty  (20)  feet;  and 
if  the  lot  has  two  corners,  it  may  be  figured  from  both 
corners.  All  corner  lots  in  excess  of  twenty  (20)  feet, 
for  the  excess  of  one  (1)#  per  cent,  decrease  in  lot  oc¬ 
cupancy,  shall  be  figured  for  each  foot  in  additional 
width  until  the*  total  width  of  (50)  fifty  feet  has  been 
reached,  when  the  balance  of  the  lot  shall  be  figured 
as  an  inside  lot.  No  tenement  house,  lodging  house 
or  hotel  shall  occupy  more  than  seventy  (70)  per  cent, 
of  any  inside  lot,  except  that  when  the  area  of  the  lot 
is  less  than  three  thousand  (3,000)  scpiare  feet,  seventy- 
five  (75)  per  cent,  of  the  lot  may  be  occupied,  and 
when  the  area  of  the  lot  is  less  than  two  thousand 
(2,000)  square  feet,  eighty  (80)  per  cent,  of  the  lot 
may  be  occupied.  When  any  lot  extends  to  an  alley 
half  the  width  of  such  alley  may  be  figured  as  a  portion 
of  the  lot  in  determining  the  area  to  be  occupied.  Fire 
escapes,  chimneys  and  *  flues  not  exceeding  five  (5) 
square  feet  of  area  shall  not  be  deemed  a  part  of  the 
lot  occupancy.  Whenever  the  first  story  is  occupied 
as  an  entirety  for  stores  or  other  similar  purposes, 
measurements  specified  determining  percentage  of  the 
area  of  the  lot  occupied  in  relation  to  the  necessary 
provisions  for  light  and  air  may  in  every  case  begin 
at  the  level  of  the  second  tier  of  beams.  No  existing 
building  shall  be  increased  in  size  so  as  to  occupy  more 
of  the  lot  than  as  above  provided. 

Section  531.  Light  and  Air  in  Cellars. 

All  cellars  under  all  buildings  hereafter  erected  and 
now  in  existence  shall  be  properly  ventilated.  In  all 
new  buildings,  provision  for  ventilation  in  cellars  shall 
be  made  by  window  or  other  openings  or  by  vent  flues. 
In  existing  buildings,  where  it  would  be  impossible  to 
cut  in  window  openings,  ventilation  shall  be  provided 
by  vent  flues  in  Accordance  with  the  requirements  of 
the  Commissioner  of  Buildings.  Such  vent  flues  shall, 
in  all  cases,  be  inclosed  with  incombustible  material. 
All  cellars  in  all  existing  buildings,  not  provided  with 
windows,  shall  be  provided  with  artificial  light,  either 
gas  or  electric,  put  in  in  accordance  with  the  provi¬ 
sions  of  this  code. 

Section  532.  Light  and  Air  in  Buildings. 

All  factories  and  workshops  shall  be  properly  pro¬ 
vided  with  windows  sufficient  to  properly  light  and 
ventilate  the  same.  Any  room,  excepting  bathroom 
and  watercloset  compartments,  occupied  for  living  or 


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Building  Code 


sleeping  purposes  in  any  tenement  house,  hotel  or  lodg¬ 
ing  house  hereafter  erected,  or  in  any  such  house 
erected  prior  to  the  passage  of  this  code,  or  in  any 
building  hereafter  altered  anjl  converted  to  such  pur¬ 
poses,  shall  have  at  least  one  window  opening  directly 
upon  the  street,  alley  or  yard,  or  court 'of  the  dimen¬ 
sions  prescribed  in  this  code,  and  such  window  shall 
be  located  so  as  to  properly  light  all  portions  of  the 
room.' 

Section  533.  Window  Areas. 

In  tenement  houses  hereafter  erected  or  in  buildings 
altered  or  converted  for  tenement  house  purposes,  the 
total  window  area  in  each  room,  except  waterclosets 
and  bathrooms,  shall  be  at  least  one-tenth  (1-10)  of 
the  floor  area  in  such  room,  but  never  less  than  twelve 
(12)  square  feet  in  area  between  the  stop  beads.  The 
top  of  at  least  one  window  in  a  room  shall  not  be  less 
than  eight  (8)  feet  above  the  floor,  and  the  sashes  of 
said  window  shall  open  to  the  fullest  possible  extent. 
In  every  tenement  house  hereafter  erected  the  public 
halls  shall  have  either  a  window  or  skylight  to  suitably 
light  and  ventilate  the  same.  All  windows  in  all  pub¬ 
lic  halls  of  all  tenement  houses,  hereafter  erected,  must 
open  directly  upon  a  street,  alley,  yard  or  court.  The 
area  of  glazed  windows  shall  not  be  less  than  twelve 
(12)  square  feet  for  each  story.  The  area  of  glazed 
skylight  shall  not  be  less  than  twelve  (12)  square 
feet,  and  shall  be  increased  three  (3)  square  feet  for 
each  story  above  two.  Public  halls  and  corridors  shall 
be  lighted  by  windows  either  at  the  end  of  such  hall 
or  by  windows  at  least  every  twenty  (20)  feet  in  the 
length  of  such  hall  or  corridor.  No  window  shall  be 
less  than  twelve  (12)  square  feet  glazed  surface,  unless 
the  number  is  increased  to  make  the  same  total  as 
above  .required. 

Section  534.  Lighting  of  Buildings. 

In  every  existing  tenement  house  wherever  a  public 
hall  on  any  floor  is  not  light  enough,  in  the  estimation 
of  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  the  panels  in  the 
doors  located  at  the  ends  of  the  public  halls  and  open¬ 
ing  into  rooms  shall  be  removed  and  translucent  glass 
for  an  aggregate  of  not  less  than  four  (4)  square  feet 
for  each  door  shall  be  substituted,  or  a  fixed  sash  win¬ 
dow,  glazed  with  similar  glass  of  an  area  of  not  less 
than  five  (5)  square  feet  may  be  cut  into  the  partition 


Building  Code 


141 


separating  the  hall  from  a  room  which  opens  directly 
upon  a  street,  yard  or  court;  or  said  public  hall  may 
be  lighted  by  a  window  or  windows  at  the  end  thereof 
with  the  pane  of  the  window  at  right  angles  to  axis 
of  said  hall,  and  such  window  or  windows  shall  open 
upon  a  street,  yard,  court  or  shaft  of  the  dimensions 
herein  specified.  In  every  house  where  the  public  halls 
and  stairs  are  not  provided  with  window  opening 
directly  to  the  street  or  yard  or  court,  and  such  halls 
and  stairs  are,  in  the  opinion  of  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings,  not  sufficiently  lighted,  the  owner  of  such 
hduse  shall  keep  an  approved  light  burning  in  the 
hallway  near  the  stairs  upon  each  floor,  as  may  be  nec¬ 
essary  from  sunrise  to  sunset.  In  every  tenement 
house  an  approved  light  shall  be  furnished  and  main¬ 
tained  by  the  owner  in  the  public  hallways  and  stairs, 
and  such  light  shall  be  kept  burning  from  sunset  until 
10  o’clock  in  the  evening. 

Section  535.  Windows  to  Be  Kept  Repaired. 

All  windows  in  all  tenement  houses  must  be  kept  in 
good  repair  so  that  they  can  be  readily  opened  for  the 
admission  of  light  and  air. 

Section  536.  Light  in  Existing  Rooms. 

In  all  existing  tenement  houses  having  rooms  with¬ 
out  at  least  one  (1)  suitable  window  to  a  court  or  yard 
for  the  admission  of  light  and  air,  such  rooms  shall  be 
considered  unfit  for  living  or  sleeping  purposes,  and 
shall  not  be  occupied  until  the  following  requirements 
have  been  complied  with.  If  such  room  adjoins  upon 
another  room  having  at  least  two  (2)  windows  to  the 
outside  light  and  air  and  deemed  to  be  sufficiently 
lighted  by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  a  window 
containing  not  less  than  fifteen  (15)  square  feet  of 
glazed  surface  may  be  placed  in  the  partition  between 
such  rooms,  such  window  to  be  made  to  open  one-half 
of  its  area,  and  the  opposite  side  of  such  dark  room 
shall  be  provided  with  a  vent  flue  surrounded  by  in¬ 
combustible  material  and  extended  to  the  roof  of  the 
building.  Such  vent  flue  shall  not  be  less  than  one 
hundred  and  ten  (110)  square  inches  in  area  for  each 
room  that  it  ventilates,  and  shall  be  provided  with  an 
open  grille  or  wire  netting  opening  in  the  room,  of  one 
inch  mesh,  or  a  light  and  air  shaft  shall  be  cut  through 
such  budding  for  the  purpose  of  ventilating  and  light¬ 
ing  such  room.  Such  light  and  air  shait  shall  contain  at 


142 


Building  Code 


least  twelve  (12)  square  feet  of  area  for  each  room 
that  it  serves.  It  shall  be  left  open  on  top,  and  the 
sides  shall  be  covered  with  either  metal  lath  and  plas¬ 
ter  or  other  incombustible  material  and  painted  with 
a  very  light  color  of  paint.  The  floor  of  such  shaft 
shall  be  made  water-proof,  and  provided  with  a  drain 
extending  down  to  an  open  drain,  and  shall  not  be 
connected  directly  to  the  sewer. 

Section  537.  Light  in  Toilets. 

All  water-closets  in  all  tenement  houses,  lodging 
houses  and  hotels  shall  be  properly  lighted.  Each  com¬ 
partment  shall  have  a  window  opening  upon  a  street, 
alley,  yard,  court  or  shaft  not  less  than  four  (4)  feet 
deep  and  not  less  in  area  than  twenty-five  (25)  square 
fe*et.  Such  a  window  shall  have  an  area  at  least  three 
(3)  square  feet  for  each  compartment  between  stop 
beads,,  and  the  entire  window  shall  be  made  so  as  to 
open  readily.  When,  however,  such  water-closet  com¬ 
partment  is  lighted  and  ventilated  by  a  skylight  over 
it,  no  window  shall  be  necessary,  provided  the  roof  of 
such  skylight  contains  at  least  three  (3)  square  feet 
of  glazed  surface  for  each  compartment  and  is  ar¬ 
ranged  so  as  to  be  readily  opened.  Nothing  in  this  # 
section  in  regard  to  ventilation  of  water-closet  com¬ 
partments  shall  apply  to  a  water-closet  that  is  to  re¬ 
place  a  defective  fixture  in  the  same  position.  The 
walls  inclosing  shafts,  unless  faced  with  light-colored 
brick,  shall  be  whitewashed  or  painted  with  white 
paint,  and  the  same  shall  be  renewed  as  required  by 
the  Commissioner  of  Buildings. 

Section  538.  Yards  and  Courts. 

Yards — All  yards  and  courts  in  connection  with 
tenement  houses,  lodging  houses  and  hotels  hereafter 
erected,  unless  herein  otherwise  prescribed,  shall  be  at 
every  point  open  to  the  sky  unobstructed.  Behind 
every  such  house  hereafter  erected,  on  an  interior  lot, 
there  shall  be  a  space  extended  entirely  across  the  lot 
ten  (10)  feet  deep,  unless  otherwise  prescribed.  If  the 
space  abuts  upon  an  alley  and  is  a  “yard,”  the  alley 
may  be  considered  as  furnishing  a  portion  of  the  space  . 
needed  for  such  yard,  but  the  space  from  the  center 
of  the  alley  to  the  house  shall  never  be  less  than  eleven 
(11)  feet.  Such  spaces  shall  be  provided  with  ingress 
and  egress,  for  the  purpose  of  cleaning  the  same.  Side 
yards  sha1!  never  be  less  than  four  (4)  feet  in  width. 


Building  Code 


143 


When  any  of  the  wall  abutting  on  said  side  yard  ex¬ 
ceeds  in  height  twenty-four  (24)  feet  and  not  more 
than  thirty-six  (36)  feet  above  the  floor  of  such  yard, 
the  width  of  such  yard  shall  be  increased  to  five  (5) 
feet,  and  for  every  twelve  (12)  feet  or  fraction  thereof 
above  thirty-six  (36)  feet  in  height,  the  width  shall  be 
increased  six  (6)  inches.  The  above  specified  width 
shall  apply  to  side  yards  not  exceeding  fifty  (50)  feet 
in  depth,  and  where  such  side  yards  exceed  fifty  (50) 
feet  in  depth,  the  width  throughout  shall  be  increased 
one  (1)  foot  for  every  ten  (10)  feet  or  fraction  thereof 
exceeding  fifty  (50)  feet  in  depth. 

(a)  Center  Courts — Center  courts  shall  never  be  less 
than  twenty  (20)  feet  in  depth.  Where  any  of  the 
wall  abutting  on  said  center  court  exceeds  the  height 
of  thirty-six  (36)  feet  from  the  floor  of  the  court,  the 
depth  of  such  center  court  shall  be  increased  six  (6) 
inches  for  every  twelve  (12)  feet  or  fraction  thereof 
exceeding  thirty-six  (36)  feet  in  height. 

(b)  Side  Courts — Side  courts  on  the  lot  line  shall 
never  be  less  than  eight  (8)  feet  in  width  and  not  less 
than  twenty  (20)  feet  in  depth.  Where  any  of  the 
wall  abutting  on  said  side  courts  exceeds  the  height 
of  thirty-six  (36)  feet  above  the  floor  of  such  side 
court,  the  width  and  depth  of  such  side  court  shall  be 
increased  six  (6)  inches  for  every  twelve  (12)  feet 
or  fraction  thereof  exceeding  thirty-six  (36)  feet  in 
height. 

(c)  Inclosed  Courts — Inclosed  courts  shall  never  be 
less  than  eight  (8)  feet  in  width  and  not  less  than 
twenty  (20)  feet  in  depth.  Where  any  of  the  wall 
abutting  on  such  inclosed  court  is  more  than  thirty-six 
(36)  feet  in  height  above  the  floor  of  the  court,  the 
width  and  depth  of  such  court  shall  be  increased  six 
(6)  inches  for  every  twelve  (12)  feet  or  fraction 
thereof  exceeding  such  thirty-six  (36)  feet  in  height. 

(d)  End  Courts — Open  end  courts  abutting  on  a 
street  or  alley,  having  windows  only  on  the  back  ends 
of  the  courts,  shall  not  be  less  than  four  (4)  feet  in 
width  nor  more  than  twelve  (12)  feet  in  depth.  When 
such  courts  have  windows  on  the  side  of  such  courts, 
they  shall  not  be  less  than  eight  (8)  feet  in  width, 
and  shall  be  increased  for  additional  heights  and  depths 
beyond  fifty  (50)  feet,  the  same  as  side  yards. 

(e)  Angles  and  Bays  in  Courts — Windows  may  be 
placed  in  the  angles  of  courts,  provided  the  running 
width  of  the  angle  wall  does  not  exceed  six  (6)  feet. 


144 


Building  Code 


No  angle  will  be  permitted  in  side  yards  less  than  six 
(6)  feet  in  width.  Bays  will,  be  permitted  in  side 
yards  provided  the  length  of  the  bay  is-  not  more  than 
twelve  (12)  feet  and  the  width  from  the  outer  wall 
of  the  bay  to  the  lot  line  is  never  less  than  four  (4) 
feet,  and  the  space  between  the  bays  not  less  than 
eight  (8)  feet.  Recesses  in  any  yards  or  courts  shall 
never  be  less  than  four  (4)  feet  in  width,  and  shall 
not  exceed  their  width  in  depth.  The  widths  of  re¬ 
cesses  shall  be  graduated  the  same  as  the  widths  for 
side  yards  and  courts.  All  courts  above  provided  for, 
unless  they  commence  at  the  second  floor  beams,  shall 
have  a  fireproof  passageway  not  less  than  three  (3) 
feet  wide  and  seven  (7)  feet  high  to  a  street,  alley 
or  yard.  Such  passageway  may  be  provided  with  open 
grille  gates  but  not  closed  doors. 

Section  539.  Basement  as  Living  Rooms. 

Every  portion  of  a  basement  to  be  occupied  for  liv¬ 
ing  purposes  shall  be  properly  lighted  and  ventilated 
and  shall  be  at  least  seven  and  one-half  (7 ]/2)  feet  in 
clear  height  in  existing  tenement  houses  and  houses 
hereafter  altered  or  converted  to  tenement  purposes,  but 
shall  be  at  least  eight  (8)  feet  clear  height  in  all  houses 
hereafter  erected.  In  tenement  houses  hereafter  erected 
there  shall  be  adjoining,  and  outside  of  every  portion 
thus  occupied  for  living  purposes,  and  extending  along 
its  entire  frontage,  if  it  adjoins  a  street,  an  open  area 
space  not  less  than  two  (2)  feet  and  six  (6)  inches 
wide,  and  said  area  must  be  covered  with  an  open 
grating  and  have  the  bottom  six  (6)  inches  below  the 
floor  level  of  the  basement,  and  it  must  be  effectually 
drained.  In  all  buildings  all  portions  of  the  basement 
to  be  used  for  living  purposes  must  have  the  floors  and 
walls  properly  damp-proofed,  and  the  walls  resting 
directly  upon  the  ground  must  have  a  damp-proofed 
course  below  the  floor  level  to  prevent  dampness  from 
rising  into  the  walls,  and  walls  coming  -against  banks 
must  be  furred,  but  not  with  wood.  A  basement  room 
adjoining  a  yard  or  court  may  be  occupied  as  a  living 
or  sleeping  room,  provided  an  open  space  six  (6)  inches 
below  the  floor  of  said  room  and  properly  drained  shall 
extend  along  the  entire  frontage  of  such  room,  and 
the  width  of  such  space  shall  not  be  less  than  its  depth. 
Cellars  in  all  tenement  houses  shall  be  lighted  and 
ventilated  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings. 


Building  Code 


145 


Section  540.  Height  and  Size  of  Living  Rooms. 

In  every  tenement  house,  every  living  room  or  sleep¬ 
ing  room  shall  have  a  clear  height  in  every  part  of  the 
same  at  least  seven  and  one-half  (7^4 )  feet  in  existing 
tenement  houses,  and  eight  (8)  feet  in  houses  hereafter 
erected  or  converted  for  tenement  purposes,  provided 
that  such  rooms  in  the  roof  need  be  of  such  specified 
height  in  but  one-half  (l/2)  of  their  areas.  In  every 
tenement  house,  all  rooms  except  water-closet  compart¬ 
ments  and  bathrooms  shall  be  of  the  following  mini¬ 
mum  sizes.  In  each  apartment  there  shall  be  at  least 
one  room  containing  not  less  than  one  hundred  and 
twenty  (120)  square  feet  of  floor  area,  but  no  rooms 
shall  have  less  than  six  hundred  (600)  cubic  feet  of 
contents.  All  spaces  less  than  seventy  (70)  square 
feet  in  area  shall  be  considered  closets  or  alcoves,  but 
alcoves  shall  have  one  opening  not  less  than  six  (6) 
feet  wide  from  the  floor  to  the  top  of  the  windows. 
No  room  in  any  tenement  hpuse  shall  be  so  overcrowded 
that  there  shall  be  afforded  less  than  four  hundred 
(400)  cubic  feet  of  air  to  each  adult,  and  two  hun¬ 
dred  (200)  cubic  feet  of  air  to  each  child  under  twelve 
(12)  years  of  age  occupying  such  room. 


Chapter  2.  —  Toilet  Facilities  and  Cleanliness 

of  Buildings. 

Section  541.  Toilet  Facilities  in  Stores,  Factories 
and  Workshops. 

All  stores,  factories  and  workshops  shall  be  pro¬ 
vided  with  proper  facilities  for  the  use  of  all  em¬ 
ployes.  There  shall  be  at  least  one  (1)  water-closet 
and  one  (1)  wash  sink  in  every  store,  factory  or  work¬ 
shop  where  any  help  whatever  is  employed,  and  shall 
be  increased  in  proportion  so  that  there  will  be  at 
least  one  (1)  for  every  twenty  (20)  people  employed. 
All  stores  occupying  more  than  five  thousand  (5,000) 
square  feet  of  floor  area  and  used  for  general  retail 
business  shall  be  provided  with  toilet  facilities  for  the 
use  of  the  public.  Such  toilet  facilities  shall  consist 
of  at  least  one  (1)  wash  sink  and  one  (1)  water-closet. 

Section  542.  Toilet  Facilities  in  Hotels  and  Lodg¬ 
ing  Houses. 

In  all  hotels  and  lodging  houses  proper  toilet  facili¬ 
ties  shall  be  provided  as  follows:  Where  the  hotel  or 


146 


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lodging  house  is  occupied  by  one  or  both  sexes,  there 
shall  be  one  (1)  separate  compartment  for  each  sex 
occupying  the  same.  Each  compartment  shall  be  equip¬ 
ped  with  a  washstand  or  sink,  a  water-closet  and  a 
bath,  and  there  shall  be  at  least  one  (1)  water-closet, 
one  (1)  washstand  or  sink  and  (1)  bath  for  every  ten 
(10)  rooms  in  such  building.  The  baths  may  consist 
of  tub  baths  or  shower  baths,  but  there  shall  be  at 
least  one  (1)  tub  bath  or  one  (1)  shower  bath  in  every 
such  house.  Such  bath  shall  be  provided  with  hot  and 
cold  water. 

Section  543.  Toilet  Facilities  in  Tenements. 

In  every  building  hereafter  erected  for  or  converted 
to  tenement  house  purposes  there  shall  be  (except  as 
hereinafter  provided)  a  separate  water-closet  for  each 
apartment,  placed  in  a  separate  compartment  within 
the  apartment  not  less  than  two  (2)  feet  and  six  (6) 
inches  wide  in  the  clear.  Said  compartment  shall  be 
inclosed  with  plastered  partitions  extending  from  the 
floor  to  the  ceiling.  But  nothing  in  this  section  shall 
prevent  a  water-closet  from  being  placed  in  a  bath¬ 
room,  or  in  a  compartment  adjoining  a  bathroom,  pro¬ 
vided  it  is  connected  with  the  same  by  a  window  simi¬ 
lar  to  the  one  heretofore  specified.  When,  however, 
apartments  consist  of  one  or  two  rooms  each,  there 
may  be  one  water-closet  for  each  two  apartments,  pro¬ 
vided  the  aggregate  number  of  rooms  in  the  two  apart¬ 
ments  does  not  exceed  three  (3),  and,  provided  further, 
that  the  water-closet  is  between  or  adjacent  to  the 
apartment  and  is  not  separated  from  either  of  them  by 
a  public  hallway,  and  is  accessible  to  each  of  them  with¬ 
out  passing  through  a  room  of  another  apartment.  No 
water-closet  shall  be  maintained  in  the  cellar  of  any 
tenement  house  without  a  special  permit  in  writing 
from  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  and  the  compart¬ 
ment  containing  same  must  be  properly  lighted  and  ven¬ 
tilated  in  a  manner  approved  by  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings.  Every  water-closet  compartment  in  every 
tenement  house,  lodging  house  or  hotel  shall  be  pro¬ 
vided  with  proper  means  of  lighting  same  at  night. 

^Section  544.  Water-Closet  Inclosures. 

In  all  now  existing  tenement  houses,  lodging  houses 

*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  181-12,  passed  March 
26,  1912. 


Building  Code 


147 


and  hotels,  the  woodwork  inclosing  water-closets  shall 
be  removed  from  the  front  of  said  closets  and  the  space 
underneath  the  seat  shall  be  left  open,  and  the  door  be¬ 
neath  and  around  the  closet  shall  be  maintained  in  good 
order  and  repair;  and,  if  of  wood,  shall  be  kept  well 
painted  with  light-colored  paint.  All  water-closets  shall 
be  supplied  with  water  from  suitable  tanks,  except 
where  the  water-closets  are  exposed  to  frost,  in  which 
case  the  flushing  device  shall  be  of  anti-freezing  design. 

In  all  existing  tenement  houses  there  shall  be  at  least 
one  water-closet  for  every  two  apartments ;  provided, 
however,  that  three  single  room  apartments  shall  be 
considered  the  equivalent  of  two  apartments;  and  pro¬ 
vided  further,  that  there  shall  be  at  least  one  water- 
closet  for  each  floor. 

’  -(-Section  545.  Vaults. 

On  all  premises  connected  to  the  public  sewer  where 
vaults  or  school  sinks  or  catch  basins  are  now  in  ex¬ 
istence  on  such  premises  such  vaults  must  be  abol¬ 
ished,  and  such  school  sinks  or  catch  basins,  if  found 
to  be  in  an  unsanitary  condition  by  the  Board  of 
Health  or  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  must  be 
abolished,  and  such  vaults  or  catch  basins  or  school 
sinks  emptied  and  thoroughly  disinfected,  and  filled  with 
earth  or  else,  with  the  approval  of  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings,  covered  with  stone  or  concrete,  at  least 
four  (4)  feet  below  the  surface  of  the  earth,  and  no 
new  vaults,  catch  basins  or  school  sinks  may  be  con¬ 
structed  on  any  premises.  In  place  of  such  abolished 
vaults,  outside  water-closets  may  be  constructed  as 
hereinafter  provided,  and  used  in  connection  with  exist¬ 
ing  tenement  houses,  and  they  may  be  constructed  with 
and  their  contents  discharged  into  such  public  sewers. 
Such  water-closets  must  be  constructed  of  vitrified 
earthenware  or  poreclain-lined  cast  iron  and  have  suit¬ 
able  flushing  apparatus,  and  must  in  every  respect  be 
an  approved  water-closet  outfit,  provided  that  suitable 
provision  be  made  to  prevent  freezing  and  to  keep  the 
closets  at  all  times  in  proper  working  order. 

^Section  546.  Outside  Water-Closets. 

Wherever  there  are  outside  water-closets  there  shall 
be  over  the  same  a  structure  of  sufficient  size  to  con- 

fAs  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  71-13,  passed  Feb¬ 
ruary  4,  1913. 

*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  181-12,  passed  March 

26,  1912. 


148 


Building  Code  - 


tain  a  separate  compartment  for  each  water-closet. 
Each  compartment  shall  be  not  less  than  two  (2)  feet 
and  six  (6)  inches  by  four  (4)  feet  in  the  clear.  The 
structure  shall  not  exceed  ten  (10)  feet  in  height,  and 
the  same  shall  not  be  considered  as  increasing  the  per- 
centum  of  the  lot  occupied,  provided  it  does  not  occupy 
more  than  fifty  (50)  percentum  of  the  open  space  or 
yard  in  which  it  is  placed,  and  provided  further  that 
the  use  of  said  structure  is  limited  solely  to  water- 
closet  purposes.  Each  compartment  must  be  provided 
with  a  door  and  a  lock.  If  it  is  impossible  to  provide  a 
window  in  the  compartment,  the  upper  part  of  the  door 
must  have  a  glass  panel  12x24  inches,  the  same  to  be 
glazed  with  translucent  glass.  If  there  be  room  for  a 
window,  it  must  be  provided,  the  sash  to  open.  Proper 
and  adequate  means  must  be  provided  for  lighting  the 
entrance  to  each  compartment  at  night.  Wherever  such 
water-closets  in  existing  tenement  houses  are  not  pro¬ 
vided  in  the  yard,  they  must  be  provided  within  the 
house,  subject  to  all  the  conditions  governing  water- 
closets  as  herein  provided. 

Section  547.  Water-Closet  Floors. 

All  water-closet  compartments  in  all  buildings,  except 
in  private  dwelling  houses  hereafter  erected,  must  have 
a  water-proof  sanitary  floor.  Such  water-proofing  must 
run  up  at  least  six  (6)  inches  on  the  sides  of  the  walls, 
provided,  however,  that  in  existing  buildings  where  new 
water-closets  are  placed  or  in  dwelling  houses,  the 
water-closet  may  be  set  on  a  marble  slab  or  tile  or 
other  non-absorbent,  incombustible  material,  not  less 
than  seven-eighths  (%)  inch  thick,  extending  at  least 
one  (1)  foot  in  front  of  the  bowl  of  such  closet,  and 
not  less  than  thirty  (30)  inches  in  width.  No  water- 
closet  shall  be  set  directly  on  top  of  a  wood  floor. 

Section  548.  Where  any  building  is  in  the  course  of 
construction  or  is  remodeled,  the  owner  or  agent  shall 
maintain  a  suitable  and  sanitary  water-closet  in  or  con¬ 
venient  to  such  building,  which  shall  be  accessible  to 
employes  on  the  building  at  all  times  from  the  comple¬ 
tion  of  the  grading  of  the  cellar  until  a  permanent 
water-closet  is  established  in  the  building.  And  it  shall 
be  the  duty  of  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  to  en¬ 
force  this  section.  Any  owner  of  any  such  building  or 
his  agent  or  superintendent  of  construction,  who  shall 
fail  to  make  the  provisions  herein  specified.,  shall  be 
guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and,  upon  conviction  in  the 


Building  Code 


149 


Police  Court,  be  fined  in  any  sum  not  exceeding  twenty- 
five  ($25.00)  dollars,  and  in  addition  thereto  five  ($5.00) 
dollars  per  day  for  each  and  every  day  that  such  vio¬ 
lation  shall  continue,  after  having* received  notice  from 
the  Commissioner  of  Buildings. 

*  Section  549.  Water  Supply. 

In  all  new  tenement  houses  there  shall  be  in  each 
apartment  a  sink  with  running  water.  In  all  now  exist¬ 
ing  tenement  houses  there  shall  be  at  least  one  sink 
for  every  two  apartments,  except  single-room  apart¬ 
ments,  in  which  case  there  shall  be  at  least  one  sink 
for  every  three  apartments.  But  there  shall  be  at  least 
one  sink  on  each  floor.  In  all  now  existing  tenement 
houses  the  woodwork  inclosing  sinks  located  in  the  pub¬ 
lic  halls  or  stairs  shall  be  removed,  and  the  space  under¬ 
neath  said  sinks  shall  be  left  open,  and  the  floors  and 
wall  surface  beneath  and  around  the  sink  shall  be  main¬ 
tained  in  good  order  and  repair,  and,  if  of  wood,  shall 
be  kefit  well  painted  with  light-colored  paint. 

Section  550.  Cleanliness  of  Buildings. 

In  all  tenement  houses,  lodging  houses  and  hotels 
now  in  existence  or  hereafter  erected,  or  buildings 
hereafter  converted  to  such  purposes,  the  cellar  walls 
and  ceilings  shall  be  thoroughly  whitewashed  or  painted 
a  light  color  by  the  owner,  and  shall  be  so  maintained 
as  required  by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings.  Every 
tenement,  lodging  house  and  hotel  and  all  parts  thereof 
shall  be  kept  in  good  repair.  All  rain  water  and  drain¬ 
age  shall  be  conveyed  away  from  thg  building,  so  as 
to  prevent  dampness  in  the  walls.  All  areas,  yards 
and  courts,  also  shafts,  must  be  thoroughly  drained. 
Every  tenement  house,  lodging  house  and  hotel  in  all 
its  parts  shall  be  kept  clean  and  free  from  an  accumu¬ 
lation  of  dirt,  filth  or  garbage  or  other  material  in  or 
on  the  same,  or  in  the  yards,  courts,  passages,  areas  or 
alleys  connected  with  or  belonging  to  the  same. 

(a)  The  owner  of  every  tenement  house,  lodging- 
house  or  hotel,  or  part  thereof,  shall  cause  to  be  kept 
thoroughly  clean  all  parts  of  the  premises  not  within 
the  occupied  apartments.  No  person  shall  place  filth, 
urine  or  fecal  matter  in  any  place  in  a  tenement  house, 
lodging  house  or  hotel  other  than  provided  for  the 

*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  181-12,  passed  March 


150 


Building  Code 


same,  or  keep  filth,  urine  or  fecal  matter  in  his  apart¬ 
ments  or  upon  premises  such  length  of  time  as  to  create 
a  nuisance;  and  every  tenant  shall  keep  his  apartment 
in  clean  and  sanitary  condition.  The  walls  of  courts 
and  shafts,  unless  built  in  a  light-colored  .brick  or  stone, 
shall  be  thoroughly  whitewashed  or  painted  a  light 
color,  and  shall  be  so  maintained.  Such  whitewash  or 
paint  shall  be  renewed  as  required  by  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings..  The  owner  of  every  tenement  house, 
lodging  house  or  hotel  shall  provide  for  said  build¬ 
ing  sufficient  metallic  conveniences  or  receptacles  for 
ashes,  rubbish,  garbage,  refuse  and  other  matter,  and 
such  receptacles  shall  be  kept  in  proper  condition. 

Section  551.  Access  to  Rooms. 

In  every  apartment  of  three  or  more  rooms  in  an 
apartment  house,  lodging  house  or  a  tenement  house 
hereafter  erected,  access  to  every  living  room  and  bed¬ 
room  and  to  at  least  one  (1)  water-closet  compartment 
shall  be  had  without  passing  through  any  bedroom. 

Section  552.  Ventilation  of  Toilet  Rooms. 

All  toilet  rooms  for  the  use  of  the  public  or  em¬ 
ployes  shall  be  provided  with  a  ventilating  system 
that  will  keep  such  rooms  positively  ventilated  at  all 
times  while  open  for  use. 


Chapter  3.  — Plumbing. 

*  Section  553.  Sewer  Connections. 

Wherever  a  public  sewer  of  the  combined  type  is 
provided  in  any  street  or  alley,  all  the  premises  abut¬ 
ting  upon  the  same,  unless  they  are  vacant  lots,  shall 
be"  connected  to  such  public  sewers,  and  all  soil  pipes, 
waste  pipes,  drain  pipes  and  pipes  conducting  rain  water 
or  surface  water  shall  be  connected  thereto;  and  wher¬ 
ever  such  sewer  is  provided  in  front  of  any  premises  it 
shall  be  unlawful  to  drain  into  the  gutter  of  the  street 
for  any  purpose;  and  wherever  a  public  sewer  known  as 
a  sanitary  sewer  for  conveying  sewerage  only,  and  not 
for  carrying  off  storm  water,  is  provided  in  any  street 
or  alley,  all  the  premises  abutting  upon  the  same,  un¬ 
less  they  are  vacant  lots,  shall  be  connected  with  such 
public  sewer,  and  all  soil  pipes,  waste  pipes  and  dram 

*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  641 — 13,  passed  No¬ 
vember  18,  1913. 


Building  Code 


151 


pipes  other  than  those  conducting  rain  water  or  surface 
water  shall  be  connected  thereto;  and  it  shall  be  un¬ 
lawful  to  connect  any  pipe  or  pipes  conveying  rain  water 
or  surface  water  with  any  sanitary  sewer ;  and  the 
rain  or  surface  water,  if  not  drained  into  a  natural 
water  course,  shall  be  carried  under  the  sidewalk  to 
the  gutter  either  through  a  vitrified  sewer  pipe  or  iron 
pipe  so  laid  as  to  be  entirely  below  the  grade  of  the 
walk  or  through  a  cross  gutter  having  an  iron  cover 
flush  with  the  top  surface  of  the  walk,  unless  there  be 
provided  in  front  of  said  premises  a  storm  sewer,  in 
which  case  said  connection  for  rain  water  or  surface 
water  shall  be  made  into  said  storm  sewer.  All  such 
sewer  connections  on  all  existing  buildings  shall  be 
made  immediately.  Whenever  any  alterations  requir¬ 
ing  a  permit  are  made  on  premises  connected  with  a 
sanitary  sewer  by  any  leader  or  pipe  now  conveying 
rain  water  or  surface  water  from  any  premises  into  a 
sanitary  sewer  through  connections  made  prior  to  the 
passage  of  this  ordinance,  the  said  leader  or  pipe  must 
be  disconnected  and  the  rain  water  or  surface  water 
disposed  of  as  herein  provided.  On  all  existing  con¬ 
nections  of  any  public  sewer,  where  such  drainage  sys¬ 
tems  contain  a  house-trap,  such  house-trap  shall  be 
removed  whenever  any  alterations  requiring  a  permit 
are  made  to  any  portion  of  the  plumbing  on  such  drain¬ 
age  system ;  or,  whenever  the  trap  shall  be  required  to 
be  taken  up  for  cleaning  or  repairing,  then  such  drain¬ 
age  system  shall  be  connected  up  directly  without  any 
trap  intervening  between  the  main  drain  in  the  house 
and  the  public  sewer,  and  no  vertical  lines  extend¬ 
ing  to  the  roof  in  such  building,  except  leaders,  shall 
be  trapped  from  such  main  drain.  Existing  houses  here¬ 
after  connected  to  a  public  sewer  where  the  fixtures 
are  not  provided  with  proper  ventilated  traps  upon  the 
fixtures,  such  ventilated  traps  shall  be  installed  in 
accordance  with  the  requirements  hereinafter  provided. 
Where  the  present  sewer  connection  in  existing  houses 
is  made  directly  to  a  catch  basin  or  cesspool  without 
any  vertical  untrapped  risers  to  the  roof,  ventilation  to 
the  roof  shall  be  provided  for  such  sewer  connection  as 
shall  be  approved  by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings. 
No  trap  will  hereafter  bd  permitted  on  any  main  house 
sewer,  soil  or  waste  or  vent  pipe. 

Sec.  553-1.  Whenever  the  City  Engineer  shall  report 
that  any  rain  or  surface  water  discharging  from  any 
premises  into  a  sanitary  sewer  through  connections 


152 


Building  Code 


made  prior  to  the  passage  of  this  ordinace  is  causing 
said  sewer  to  overflow  Ur  flood  any  premises  connected 
therewith,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Director  of  Pub¬ 
lic  Service  to  notify  the  owner  or  owners  to  change 
said  connections  within  thirty  days,  and  upon  failure 
of  said  owner  or  owners  so  to  do,  within  the  time  spec¬ 
ified,  the  Director  of  Public  Service  shall  have  same 
done,  and  the  cost  and  expense  of  so  doing  shall  be 
charged  to  and  become  a  lien  upon  same  premises  and 
collected  from  said  owner  or  owners  in  the  same  man¬ 
ner  as  provided  by  law  for  the  collection  of  ‘assess¬ 
ments. 

Section  554.  Quality  of  Materials. 

All  material  used  for  the  installation  of  plumbing 
must  be  of  best  quality,  free  from  defects,  and  all  work 
must  be  executed  in  a  thorough  workmanlike  manner. 

(a)  Cast  Iron  Piping — All  cast  iron  pipe  and  fittings 
must  be  coated  with  coal  tar  preservation  solution, 
sound,  cylindrical  and  smooth,  free  from  all  defects, 
and  of  uniform  thickness,  and  where  used  for  house 
drain  must  be  of  the  grade  known  in  commerce  as 
“extra  heavy.”  All  joints  must  be  made  with  picked 
oakum  and  molten  lead,  and  made  gas  and  water  tight. 
Twelve  (12)  ounces  of  fine,  soft  pig  lead  must  be  used 
at  each  joint  for  each  inch  in  diameter  of  the  pipe,  and 
well  caulked  when  cold. 

(b)  Soil  and  Waste  Pipes — No  building  will  be  al¬ 
lowed  to  have  more  than  four  (4)  stories  of  standard 
weight  of  soil  and  waste  pipe;  all  buildings  over  this 
height  must  use  extra  heavy  cast  iron  pipe,  galvanized 
wrought  iron  or  galvanized  steel  pipe  commencing  at 
the  foot  of  riser  so  that  the  standard  weight  of  pipe 
will  always  be  only  on  the  top  four  stories.  All 
-wrought  iron  and  steel  pipes  must  be  equal  in  quality 
to  “standard,”  and  must  be  properly  tested.  All  pipe 
must  be  lap-welded.  No  plain  black  or  uncoated  pipe 
or  fittings  will  be  permitted  on  waste  or  soil  lines. 

(c)  Vent  Pipes — Pipes  used  for  vent  purposes,  may  be 
cast  iron,  wrought  iron  or  steel  pipe,  tar-coated.  Fit¬ 
tings  for  vent  pipes  of  wrought  iron  or  steel  pipes  may 
be  the  ordinary  cast  iron  steam  or  water  fittings,  tar- 
coated  same  as  pipe. 

(d)  Wrought  or  Steel  Piping — The  fittings  to  wrought 
iron  or  steel  for  waste  or  soil  pipe  and  refrigerator 
waste  pipes  must  be' the  special  heavy  cast  iron  recessed 
and  threaded  drainage  fittings,  with  smooth  interior 


Building  Code 


153 


✓ 

waterway  and  threads  tapered,  so  as  to  give  uniform 
grade  to  branches.  The  ends  of  all  pipes  shall  be 
screwed  down  to  the  bottom  of  all  recesses  in  fittings. 
All  fittings  for  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe  must  be 
galvanized  if  malleable,  and,  if  cast  iron,  tarcoated. 
All  joints  to  be  screwed  joints  made  up  with  red  lead, 
and  the  burr  formed  in  cutting  must  be  carefully  reamed 
out. 

(e)  Ferrules — All  connections  on  lead  pipes  and  be¬ 
tween  same  and  all  other  metal  pipes  shall  be  made  with 
plumbers’  wiped  joints,  using  brass  soldering  nipples  or 
ferrules  when  connections  are  on  iron  pipes.  Brass  fer¬ 
rules  must  be  of  best  quality  beaded  cast  brass,  not  less 
than  four  (4)  inches  long,  and  two  and  , one-quarter 
( 2 %),  three  and  one-half  (3*4)  and  four  and  one-half 
(4^2)  inches  in  diameter,  suited  for  two  (2)  inch,  three 
(3)  inch  and  four  (4)  inch  pipes  respectively,  and  not 
less  than  the  following  weights  : 


-Diameters  Weights 

1%  inches . 0  pound  8  ounces 

2*4  inches . 1  pound  0  ounces 

,3^2  inches . 1  pound  12  ounces 

4f4  inches . 2  pounds  8  ounces 


Soldering  nipples  must  be  heavy  cast  brass  or  of 
brass  pipe,  iron  pipe  size.  When  cast  brass  they  must 
not  be  less  than  the  following  weights  : 


Diameters  •  Weights 

ll/2  inches . 0  pound  8  ounces 

2  inches . ' . 0  pound  14  ounces 

2l/2  inches . 1  pound  6  ounces 

3  inches . 2  pounds  0  ounces 

4  inches . : . 3  pounds  8  ounces 


(f)  Cleanouts — Brass  screw  caps  for  cleanouts  must 
be  extra  heavy,  not  less  than  one-eighth  (%)  of  an 
inch  thick.  The  screw  cap  must  have  a  solid  square  or 
hexagonal  nut,  not  less  than  five-eighths  (%)  of  an  inch 
high,  with  at  least  diameter  of  one  and  one-half  (V/i) 
inches.  The  body  of  the  cleanout  ferrule  must  be  at 
least  equal  in  weight  and  thickness  to  the  caulking  fer¬ 
rule  for  the  same  size  pipe.  Where  cleanouts  are  re¬ 
quired  by  rules  and  approved  plans,  the  screw  cap  must 
be  of  brass.  The  engaging  parts  must  have  not  less 
than  six  (6)  threads,  of  iron  pipe  size  and  be  tapered. 
Cleanouts  must  be  of  full  size  of  trap  up  to  four  (4) 
inches  in  diameter,  and  not  less  than  four  (4)  inches 
for  larger  traps. 


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Building  Code 


(g)  Lead  \\  astes — The  use  of  lead  pipe  is  restricted 
to  the  short  branches  of  the  soil  and  waste  pipes,  bends 
and  traps,  and  roof  connections  of  inside  leaders. 
“Short  branches”  of  lead  pipe  to  be  construed  to  mean 
not  more  than : 

6  feet  of  1J4  inch  pipe 
5  feet  of  iy2  inch  pipe 
4  feet  of  2  inch  pipe 
2  feet  of  3  inch  pipe 
2  feet  of  4  inch  pipe 

All  connections  between  lead  pipes  and  between  brass 
or  copper  pipes  must  be  made  by  means  of  wiped  sold¬ 
ered  joints,  and  all  copper  flanges  of  all  sanitary  fix¬ 
tures,  and  all  connections  between  said  fixtures  and 
waste  or  soil  pipe,  where  said  connections  are  on  the 
outlet  or  sewer  side  of  the  trap,  shall  be  made  without 
the  use  of  red  lead,  putty,  plaster,  rubber  cement  or  any 
other  similar  substances,  water-closets  excepted.  All 
lead,  waste,  soil,  vent  and  flush  pipes  must  be  of  the  best 
quality  and  not  less  than  the  following  weights  per  foot : 


Diameters  Wts.  per  lin.  ft. 

1%  inches . 2^4  pounds 

ll/2  inches . 3^4  pounds 

2  inches . 4  pounds 

3  inches . 6  pounds 

4  inches . .- . 8  pounds 


Lead  traps  and  bends  must  be  of  the  same  weights 
and  thickness  as  their  corresponding  pipe  branches. 
Sheet  lead  for  roof  flashings  must  be  not  less  than  four 
(4)  pound  lead,  and  must  extend  not  less  than  six  (6) 
indies  from  the  pipe,  and  the  joint  made  water  tight 
Copper  tubing  when  used  for  inside  leader  roof  con¬ 
nections  must  be  seamless  drawn  tubing,  not  less  than 
11-gauge,  and  when  used  for  roof  flashings  must  not  be 
less  than  18-gauge. 

Section  555.  Sewerage  and  Drainage. 

The  entire  plumbing  and  drainage  system  of  each 
building  must  be  entirely  separate  and  independent  of 
that  of  any  other  building,  except  where  there  are  two 
buildings  on  one  lot,  one  in  the  rear  of  the  other,  then 
same  sewer  may  be  used  for  both  buildings.  Each 
building  must  be  separately  and  independently  connected 
with  a  public  or  private  sewer  or  cesspool.  Every  build¬ 
ing  must  have  its  sewer  connections  directly  in  front 
of  the  building,  unless  permission  is  otherwise  granted 


Building  Code 


155 


by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  and  the  rise  in  the 
sewer  from  the  main  sewer  must  not  be  less  than  one- 
quarter  04)  °f  an  inch  to  the  foot  nor  more  than  one- 
half  04)  of  an  inch  to  the  foot.  Where  there  is  no 
sewer  in  the  street  or  avenue,  and  it  is  possible  to  con¬ 
struct  a  private  sewer  to  connect  in  an  adjacent  street 
or  avenue,  a  private  sewer  must  be  constructed.  It  must 
be  laid  outside  the  curb  under  the  roadway  of  the  street. 

Section  556.  House  Sewer  and  Drain. 

Old  house  sewers  can  be  used  in  connection  with  the 
new  building  or  new  plumbing  onlv  when  they  are 
found  on  examination  by  the  Commissioner  of  Build¬ 
ings  to  conform  with  the  requirements  governing  new 
sewers.  All  new  house  sewers  shall  be  of  either  extra 
heavy  cast-iron  pipe  with  caulked  joints  or  earthen¬ 
ware  pipes  with  well  cemented  joints,  laid  solidly  on 
the  natural  ground  or  laid  on  a  proper  bed  of  concrete 
where  the  subsoil  has  not  been  filled  in.  The  house 
drain  and  its  branches  must  be  of  extra  heavy  cast 
iron  or  vitrified  salt-glazed  sewer  pipe  when  under 
the  ground.  All  house  drains  when  laid  on  filled  ground 
must  be  laid  on  a  bed  of  Portland  cement  concrete,  not 
less  than  six  (6)  inches  thick  and  twelve  (12)  inches 
wide.  The  house  drain  must  be  properly  connected 
with  the  house  sewer  at  a  point  five  (5)  feet  outside 
of  the  outer  front  wall  or  area  wall  of  the  building. 
An  arched  or  other  proper  opening  must  be  provided 
for  the  drain  in  the  wall  to  prevent  damage  by  settle¬ 
ment.  If  the  house  drain  be  above  the  cellar  floor,  the 
house  drain  must  be  properly  supported  at  intervals  of 
not  less  than  ten  feet  on  iron  pipe  supports,  or  sus¬ 
pended  from  floor  beams  with  heavy  iron  pipe  hangers. 
If  the  drain  is  carried  along  wall,  it  may  be  supported 
on  heavy  pipe  hooks.  No  steam,  exhaust  or  drip  pipe 
under  pressure  shall  be  connected  into  the  house  drain 
or  any  of  its  branches.  All  such  pipe  shall  be  made  to 
discharge  into  a  properly  made  cast  iron  or  wrought 
iron  closed  blow-off  tank  that  shall  be  fitted  with  a  trap 
having  a  water  seal  twenty-four  (24)  inches  deep.  A 
vapor  or  relief  pipe  of  ample  size  shall  be  carried  from 
the  tank  to  chimney  stack  above  roof  for  escape  of 
steam;  the  waste  from  same  shall  be  connected  to 
house  drain  with  wrought  iron  or  steel  pipes  with  screw¬ 
ed  joints.  In  low-pressure  steam  or  hot-water  sys¬ 
tems  the  condensing  tank  may  be  omitted,  but  the 
waste  connections  must  be  otherwise  as  above  specified, 


156 


Building  Code 


or  else  discharge  into  open  tank  or  sink  supplied  with 
water.  The  house  drain  and  house  sewer  must  be  run 
as  direct  as  possible,  with  a  fall  of  at  least  one-eighth 
(%)  of  an  inch  per  foot,  all  changes  in  direction  made 
with  Sanitary  T  or  Y  branches  and  one-eighth  or 

other  long-sweep  bends.  The  house  sewer  up  to?  with¬ 
in  five  (5)  feet  of  the  building  must  not  be  less  than 
five  X5)  inches  in  diameter,  and  the  house  drain -must 
not  be  less  than  four  (4)  inches  in  diameter  where 
water-closets  discharge  into  them.  Where  rain  water 
discharges  into  them,  the  house  sewer  and  the  house 
drain  must  be  in  accordance  with  the  following  table  : 

Fall  Ft  Inch 

Fall 
3,000  sq. 

5,000 
7,500 
ft.  .10,300 
ft:  .13,600 
ft.  .17,400 

areas  the  same  proportion*. 

Full  size  Y  and  T  branch  fittings  for  hand-hole  clean¬ 
outs  must  be  provided  where  required  on  house  drain 
and  its  branches. 


Diams. 
4  inch, 
inch . 
inch . 
inch . 
inch . 


Per  Foot. 
2,000  sq.  ft 


4,500 

5,000* 

6,900 

9.100 


sq. 
sq. 
sq. 
sq. 

inch..  11, 600  sq. 
And  for  larger 


ft . 
ft . 


sq. 

sq. 

sq. 

sq. 

sq. 


Inch  Per  Foot, 
ft.  of  drainage  of 
ft.  of  drainage  of 
ft.  of  drainage  of 
ft.  of  drainage  of 
ft.  of  drainage  of 
ft.  of  drainage  of 


area 

area 

area 

area 

area 

area 


Section  557.  Cesspools  and  Privy  Vaults. 

Cesspools  and  privy  vaults  will  be  permitted  to  be 
built  only  after  it  has  been  shown  to  the  satisfaction 
of  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  that  their  use  is  ab¬ 
solutely  necessary.  When  allowed,  they  must  be  con¬ 
structed  strictly  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the 
permit  issued  by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings.  Cess¬ 
pools  must  not  be  used  as  privy  vaults.  Cesspools  and 
privy  vaults  must  be  at  least  twenty-five  (25)  feet 
from  any  building,  and  should  be  on  the  same  lot  with 
the  building  for  which  it  is  intended.  Cesspools  and 
privy  vaults,  when  constructed  of  brick,  must  be  nine 
(9)  inches  thick,  of  stone,  twenty-one  (21)  inches 
thick.  All  cesspools  and  privy  vaults  must  be  made 
water-tight.  As  soon  as  it  is  possible  to  connect  with 
a  public  sewer,  the  owner  must  have  such  cesspool  or 
privy  vault  emptied,  cleaned  out  and  disinfected  and 
filled  with  fresh  earth,  and  have  a  sewer  connection 
made  in  the  manner  herein  prescribed. 

Section  558.  Drains. 

All  yards,  areas  and  courts  must  be  drained.  Tene¬ 
ment  houses  must  have  their  yards,  areas  and  courts 


157 


Building  Code 


drained  into  sewer  where  practicable.  These  drains, 
when  sewer  connected,  must  have  connections  not  less 
than  four  (4)  inches  in  diameter.  They  must  be  con¬ 
trolled  by  trap — a  leader  trap  if  possible.  Cellar  drains 
will  be  permitted  only  where  they  can  be  connected  to 
a  trap  with  a  permanent  water  seal.  Subdrains,  if  be¬ 
low  sewer,  should  discharge  into  sump  or  receiving 
tank,  the  contents  of  which  must  be  lifted  and  dis¬ 
charged  into  the  drainage  system  above  the  cellar  bot¬ 
tom  by  some  approved  method.  Where  directly  sewer- 
connected,  they  must  be  cut  off  from  the  rest  of  the 
plumbing  system  by  a  brass  flap-valve  on  the  inlet  to 
the  catch-basin,  and  the  trap  on  drain  from  the  catch- 
basin  must  be  water  supplied,  as  required  for  cellar 
drains.  Floor  or  other  drains  will  only  be  permitted 
when  it  can  be  shown  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings  that  their  use  is  absolutely  neces¬ 
sary,  and  arrangements  made  to  maintain  a  permanent 
water  seal  in  the  traps. 

*  Section  559.  Leaders. 

All  buildings  shall  be  kept  provided  with  proper 
metallic  leaders  for  conducting  water  from  roofs  in 
such  a  manner  as  shall  protect  the  wads  and  founda¬ 
tions  of  said  buildings  from  injury.  Where  a  public 
sewer,  other  than  a  sanitary  sewer,  is  located  in  the 
street  in  front  of  said  buildings,  the  water  shall  be 
conducted  by  pipe  or  pipes  to  the  sewer,  but  where  . 
said  public  sewer  is  a  sanitary  sewer  for  conveying 
sewerage  only,  and  not  for  carrying  off  storm  water, 
the  water  from  said  leaders  shall  be.  disposed  of  in 
the  manner  provided  for  in  Section  553  as  amended. 
Inside  leaders  must  be  of  cast  iron,  galvanized  wrought 
iron,  galvanized  steel,  copper  or  brass,  with  roof  con¬ 
nections  made  gas  and  water  tight  by  means  of  a  heavy 
lead  or  copper  drawn  tubing  wiped  or  soldered  to  a 
brass  ferule  or  nipple  caulked  or  screwed  into  the  pipe. 
Outside  leaders  may  be  of  sheet  metal,  but  where  said 
leaders  are  connected  with  the  house  drain  as  here¬ 
inbefore  required,  the  connection  with  said  house  drain 
must  be  by  means  of  a  cast  iron  pipe  extending  ver¬ 
tically  above  the  grade  level,  and  leaders  so  connected 
must  be  trapped  with  suitable  traps  so  placed  as  to 
prevent  freezing.  Rain  water  leaders  must  not  be  used 

*  As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  0-11-13,  passed  No¬ 
vember  18,  1913. 


158 


Building*  Code 


as  soil,  waste  leaders  or  vent  pipes;  nor  shall  any  such 
soil,  waste  or  vent  pipe  be  used  as  a  leader. 

Section  560.  Installation  of  Piping. 

All  pipe  lines  must  be  supported  at  the  base  on  brick 
piers  or  by  heavy  iron  hangers  from  the  ceiling  beams 
of  the  cellar,  and  along  the  line  with  heavy  iron 
hangers  at  intervals  of  not  more  than  ten  (10)  feet. 
All  pipes  issuing  from  extensions  or  elsewhere,  wdiich 
would  otherwise  open  within  twelve  (12)  feet  of*  the 
window  of  any  building,  must  ‘be  extended  above  the 
highest  roof  and  well  away  and  above  all  windows.  The 
arrangement  of  all  pipes  must  be  as  straight  and  direct 
as  possible.  Offsets  will  be  permitted  only  when  un¬ 
avoidable.  In  every  building  where  there  is  a  leader 
connected  to  the  drain,  if  there  are  any  plumbing 
fixtures,  there  must  be  at  least  one  (1)  four  (4)  inch 
pipe  extending  above  the  roof  for  ventilation. 

Section  561.  Soil  and  Waste  Pipes. 

All  main,  soil  or  waste  pipes  must  be  of  cast  iron, 
galvanized  wrought  iron,  galvanized  steel  or  brass. 
When  they  receive  the  discharge  of  fixtures  on  any 
floor  above  the  first,  they  must  be  extended  in  full 
caliber  at  least  one  (1)  foot  above  the  roof  coping  and 
well  away  from  all  shafts,  chimneys,  wfindows  or  other 
ventilating  openings.  When  less  than  four  (4)  inches 
in  diameter  they  must  be  enlarged  to  four  (4)  inches 
at  a  point  not  less  than  one  (1)  foot  below  the  roof 
surface  by  an  increaser  not  less  than  nine  (9)  inches 
long.  Each  pipe,  wThen  passing  through  the  roof,  must 
have  a  copper  wire  basket  over  the  month  of  the  same. 
Soil  and  waste  pipes  must  have  proper  sanitary  T  or 
Y  branches  for  all  connections.  No  connections  to  lead 
branches  for  water-closets  or  slop  sinks  will  be  per¬ 
mitted,  except  the  required  branch  vent.  Branch  soil 
and  waste  pipes  must  have  a  fall  of  at  least  one-eighth 
(T/s)  of  an  inch  per  foot.  Short  T  Y  branches  will  be 
permitted  on  vertical  lines  only.  Long-sweep  one-quar¬ 
ter  (BO  bends  and  long-sweep  T  Y’s  are  permitted. 
Double  hubs,  short  roof  increasers  and  common  offsets, 
bands  and  saddles  are  prohibited.  The  diameters  of  soil 
and  waste  pipes  must  not  be  less  than  those  given  in 
the  following  table  : 

Horizontal  Runs. 


1  to  6  wrater-closets . 4-inch  pipe 

7  to  12  yvater-closets . , . 5-inch  pipe 

13  to  20  wrater-closets . 6-inch  pipe 


Building  Code 


159 


Vertical  Runs. 


1  water-closet . > . 3-inch  pipe 

1  to  12  water-closets . 4-inch  pipe 

13  to  25  water-closets . 5-inch  pipe 

26  to  40  water-closets . 6-inch  pipe 


Small  fixtures,  in  small  numbers  not  to  exceed  twice 
the  number  of  water-closets,  may  discharge  into  the 
lines  specified  without  increasing  their  size,  but  when 
the  small  fixtures  exceed  in  number  this  ratio,  four  (4) 
other  fixtures  shall  be  considered  equal  to  one  (l) 
water-closet.  When  three  (3)  inch  pipe  is  used  for 
water-closet  purposes,  one  offset  will  only  be  allowed, 
and  must  be  made  with  45  degree  bends.  The  waste 
from  bath  and  washstand  may  be  connected  to  the 
three  (3)  inch  pipes,  but  must  be  properly  revented  to 
prevent  syphonage. 

Section  562.  Vent  Pipes. 

All  traps  must  be  protected  from  syphonage  and 
back  pressure,  and  drainage  system  ventilated  by  special 
lines  of  vent  pipes,  except  where  otherwise  provided 
for.  All  vent  pipe  lines  and  main  branches  must  be  of 
iron,  steel  or  brass;  no  sheet  metal,  brick  or  other  flue 
shall  be  used  as  such  a  vent  pipe.  They  must  be  in¬ 
creased  in  diameter  and  extend  above  the  roof  as  re¬ 
quired  for  waste  pipes.  They  may  be  connected  with 
-  the  adjoining  soil  or  waste  line  well  above  the  highest 
fixtures,  but  this  will  not  be  permitted  where  there  are 
fixtures  on  more  than  six  floors.  All  waste  pipes,  serv¬ 
ing  sinks,  wash  tubs,  urinals  and  lavatories,  also  other 
fixtures  of  corresponding  character,  shall  be  increased 
one  pipe  size  in  diameter  where  two  or  more  of  the  said 
fixtures  are  discharged  into  the  same.  All  offsets  must 
be  made  at  an  angle  of  not  less  than  forty-five  (45)  de¬ 
grees  to  the  horizontal,  and  all  vent  lines  must  be  con¬ 
nected  at  the  bottom  with  a  soil  or  waste  pipe  or  the 
drain  in  such  a  manner  as  to  prevent  the  accumulation  of 
rust  scale.  'Branch  vent  pipes  should  be  kept  above  the 
top  of  all  connecting  fixtures,  to  prevent  the  use  of 
vent  pipes  as  soil  pipes  or  waste  pipe.  Branch  -rent 
pipes  should  be  connected  not  more  than  three  (3)  feet 
from  the  trap.  Earthenware  traps  for  water-closets  and 
slop  sinks  must  be  ventilated  from  the  branch  soil  or 
waste  pipe  not  more  than  three  (3)  feet  from  fixtures, 
and  this  vent  pipe  must  be  so  connected  as  to  prevent 
obstruction,  and  no  waste  pipe  connected  between  it  and 


160 


Building  Code 


the  fixture.  The  size  of  vent  pipes  throughout  must  not 
he  less  than  the  following : 

For  all  traps  four  (4)  inches  and  over,  vent  not  les^ 
than  one-half  (/)  of  its  diameter. 

Three-inch  trap  to  have  a  two  (2)  inch  vent. 

Two-inch  trap  to  have  a  one  and  one-half  (V/2)  inch 
vent. 

For  all  traps  one  and  one-half  (l/2)  inches  and  small-  . 
er,  the  vent  pipe  shall  be  full  size  of  same. 

Section  563.  Size  Without  Reventing. 

Where  lines  of  wastes  are  used  exclusively  for  kit¬ 
chen  sinks,  urinals  and  washstands,  they  can  be  run 
without  reventing,  but  must  be  of  proper  size  and 
area  to  prevent  syphonage  and  back  pressure.  Size  of 
pipe  to  the  following  table  : 

Sinks  and  Urinals. 

. 2-inch  pipe 

. . 3-inch  pipe 

. 4-inch  pipe 

Washstands. 

1  to  2 . 2-inch 

2  to  6 . 3-inch 

4  to  10 . 4-inch 

And  increased  proportionately  for  any  additional 
fixtures  that  may  be  added. 

Where  sinks  and  washstands  are  installed  in  this 
manner,  they  must  be  properly  trapped  with  non¬ 
syphon  trap,  and  no  fixture  (trap)  must  be  set  up  away 
from  the  main  pipe  more  than  three  (3)  feet.  Not 
more  than  three  (3)  water-closet  traps  shall  be  served 
by  a  two  (2)  inch  pipe,  and  no  more  than  thirty  (30) 
feet  of  said  pipe  shall  be  used  between  the  fixtures  and 
main  vent  pipe.  Not  more  than  twelve  (12)  from  a 
three  (3)  inch  pipe;  and  not  more  than  forty  (40) 
from  a  four  (4)  inch  pipe.  Vent  pipes  serving  small 
fixtures  that  discharge  into  soil  pipes  must  connect 
with  vent  pipes  of  same.  Vent  pipes  serving  small  fix¬ 
tures  shall  not  be  longer  than  fifteen  (15)  feet  of  one 
and  one-quarter  (V/)  inch  pipe,  serving  one  (1)  wash- 
stand,  or  twenty  (20)  feet  of  one  and  one-half  (V/2) 
inch  pipe,  serving  a  one  and  one-half  (V/2)  inch  trap. 


pipe 

pipe 

pipe 


1 

2  to  4 
4  to  7 


Building  Code 


161 


Section  564.  Traps. 

No  form  of  trap  will  be  permitted  to  be  used  that 
is  not  self-cleansing,  or  has  interior —chamber  of 
mechanism,  nor  any  trap,  except  earthenware  ones, 
that  depend  upon  interior  partitions  or  pipes  for  a 
seal,  and  no  bell  or  D-trap  will  be  permitted.  Every 
fixture  must  be  separately  trapped  by  a  water-sealing 
trap,  placed  as  close  to  the  fixture  outlet  as  possible. 
A  set  of  wash  trays  may  connect  with  a  single  trap, 
or  into  the  trap  of  an  adjoining  sink,  provided  that 
both  sink  and  tub  waste  outlets  are  on  the  same  side 
of  the  waste  line,  and  the  sink  is  nearest  the  line. 
A  set  not  exceeding  four  (4)  sectional  wash  basins 
may  be  similarly  connected  with  single  trap.  The  dis¬ 
charge  from  any  fixture  must  not  pass  through  more 
than  one  (1)  trap  before  reaching  the  house  drain. 
All  traps  must  be  well  supported  and  set  true  with  re¬ 
spect  to  their  water  levels.  All  fixtures  other  than 
water-closets  and  urinals,  must  have  strong  metallic 
strainers  or  bars  over  the  outlets  to  prevent  obstruction 
of  the  waste  pipe.  All  exposed  or  accessible  traps, 
except  water-closet  traps,  must  have  brass  trap  screws 
for  cleaning  the  trap,  or  other  approved  methods,  placed 
on  the  inlet  side  or  below  the  water  level.  All  iron 
traps,  yard  and  other  drains  and  leaders,  must  be  run¬ 
ning  traps  with  hand-hole  clean-outs  of  full  size  of  the 
traps  when  the  same  are  less  than  five  (5)  inches. 
Overflow  pipes  from  fixtures  must  in  all  cases  be  con¬ 
nected  on  the  inlet  side  of  traps.  No  trap  shall  be 
placed  at  the  foot  of  soil  and  waste  lines.  The  sizes 
of  traps  must  not  be  less  than  those  given  in  the  fol¬ 
lowing  : 

Traps  for  closets,  outside  hop’s.... 4  in.  in  diameter 

Traps  for  slop  sinks  . 2  in.  in  diameter 

Traps  for  kitchen  sinks . 1 r/^  in.  in  diameter 

Traps  for  wash  trays . ........  V/2  in.  in  diameter 

Traps  for  urinals . 2  in.  in  diameter 

Traps  for  wash  basins . 1 %  in-  in  diameter 

Traps  for  leaders,  areas,  floor  and  other  drains  must 
be  at  least  four  (4)  inches  in  diameter.  No  slip  or 
packed  joint  will  be  permitted  to  be  used  on  soil,  waste 
or  vent  pipes  on  sewer  side  of  traps. 

Section  565.  Safe  and  Refrigerator  Waste  Pipes. 

Safe  and  refrigerator  waste  pipes  must  be  of  the 
same  material  as  specified  for  soil  waste  and  vent  pipes, 


162 


Building  Code 


and  to  be  not  less  than  one  and  one-half  (V/i)  inches 
in  diameter,  with  lead  branches  of  the  same  size,  with 
strainers  over  inlets,  secured  by  a  bar  soldered  to  the 
lead  branch.  Safe  waste  pipes  must  not  be  connected 
up  directly  with  any  part  of  the  plumbing  system. 
The  safe  waste  pipes  from  refrigerators  must  be  trap¬ 
ped  separately,  and  must  not  discharge  upon  the  ground 
floor.  They  must  discharge  over  an  ordinary  portable 
pan,  or  over  some  properly  trapped  water-supplied  sink. 
In  no  case  shall  the  refrigerator  waste  discharge  over  a 
sink  located  in  a  room  used  for  living  purposes.  The 
branches  on  vertical  lines  must  be  made  of  Y  fittings 
and  carried  up  to  the  safe  with  as  much  pitch  as  pos¬ 
sible.  Lead  safes  must  be  graded  and  neatly  turned 
over  bevel  strips  at  their  edges.  Where  there  is  an 
offset  or  change  in  direction  on  a  refrigerator  waste- 
pipe,  there  must  be  clean-outs  to  control  all  parts  of 
the  pipe.  In  tenement  houses  the  refrigerator  waste 
pipe  must  extend  above  the  roof,  and  must  not  be  smaller 
than  two  (2)  inches,  nor  th‘e  branches  smaller  than  one 
and  one-half  (1^2)  inches. 

Section  556.  Fixtures. 

AH  water-closets  must  have  flushing  rim  bowls ; 
“pipe-wash”  bowls  or  hoppers  will  not  be  permitted. 
Long  hoppers  will  not  be  permitted,  except  where  there 
is  exposure  to  frost.  The  connections  to  traps,  where 
not  otherwise  provided  for,  must  be  made  to  the  main 
soil,  waste  or  vent  pipe  by  means  of  lead-caulked  or 
screwed  joints.  Water-closets  must  never  be  connected 
directly  with  or  flushed  from  the  city  water  supply 
pipes.  Water-closets  and  urinals  must  be  flushed  from 
tanks,  the  water  from  which  is  used  for  no  other  pur¬ 
pose.  When  flushing  valves  are  used,  they  must  be 
supplied  from  tanks  provided  for  that  purpose  only, 
and  in  no  case  are  connections  to  be  made  direct  with 
them  and  the  city  water  service  pipe.  The  overflow 
of  tanks  may  discharge  into  the  bowls  of  the  closets, 
but  in  no  case  to  connect  with  any  part  of  the  drain¬ 
age  system.  Latrine-trough  water-closets  will  not  be 
allowed  to  be  used,  except  during  construction  of  a 
building,  and  then  only  on  a  written  permit  of  the 
Commissioner  of  Buildings.  Water-closet  flush  pipes 
must  not  be  less  than  one  and  one-fourth  (1J4)  inches 
and  urinal  flush  pipes  one  (1)  inch  in  diameter,  and, 
if  of  lead,  must  not  weigh  less  than  two  and  one-half 
(2^2)  pounds  and  two  (2)  pounds  per  lineal  foot. 


Building  Code 


163 


Flush  couplings  must  be  of  full  size  of  the  pipe.  Plat¬ 
forms  or  treads  of  urinal  stalls  must  never  be  con¬ 
nected  independently  to  the  plumbing  system,  nor  can 
they  be  connected  to  any  safe  waste  pipe.  Wooden 
wash  trays  are  prohibited.  Cement,  freestone  or  arti¬ 
ficial  stone  trays  will  not  be  permitted,  unless  the  mater¬ 
ial  is  impervious. 

Section  567.  Supplies. 

All  water-closets  and  other  plumbing  fixtures  must 
•be  provided  with  a  sufficient  supply  of  water  for  flush¬ 
ing  to  keep  them  in  a  proper  and  cleanly  condition. 
When  the  water  pressure  is  not  sufficient  to  supply 
freely  and  continuously  all  fixtures,  a  house  supply 
tank  must  be  provided  of  sufficient  size  to  afford  an 
ample  supply  of  water  to  all  fixtures  at  all  times.  If 
the  water  pressure  is  not  sufficient  to  fill  the  house  tank, 
suitable  pumps  or  other  means  must  be  provided  for 
filling  them  in  all  descriptions  of  buildings.  Tanks  must 
be  covered  so  as  to  exclude  all  dust,  and  must  be  so 
located  as  to  prevent  water  contamination  by  gas  and 
odors  from  any  source.  House  supply  tanks  must  be  of 
wood  or  iron,  or  of  wood  lined  with  tinned  and  plan¬ 
ished  copper  or  lead.  In  no  case  shall  the  overflow  be 
connected  with  any  part  of  the  plumbing  system.  The 
overflow  pipe  should  discharge  upon  the  roof  where 
possible,  and  in  such  cases  should  be  brought  down  to 
within  six  (6)  inches  of  the  roof,  or  if  it  must  be  trap¬ 
ped  and  discharged  over  an  open  and  water-supplied 
sink  not  in  the  same  room,  not  over  two  (2)  feet  above 
the  floor.  No  service  pipes  or  supplying  pipes  should 
be  run,  and  no  tanks,  flushing  cisterns  or  water-supplied 
fixtures  should  be  placed  where  they  will  be  exposed  to 
frost.  If  necessary  to  be  so  placed,  they  shall  be  prop¬ 
erly  protected  to  prevent  freezing. 

Section  568.  Tests. 

The  entire  plumbing  and  drainage  system,  whether  of 
stone  or  iron  pipe,  within  the  building  must  be  tested 
by  the  plumber  in  the  presence  of  the  Commissioner  of 
Buildings  or  his  assistants,  under  a  water  or  smoke  test 
as  directed.  The  drainage  system  shall  be  tested  bv  a 
water  test  of  not  less  than  five  (5)  pounds  to  the  square 
inch.  The  plumbing  system  above  the  drainage  shall  be 
tested  either  by  the  water  test  or  by  the  smoke  test,  and 
said  tests  shall  include  all  joints  and  connections  in  the 
entire  plumbing  system.  All  pipes  must  remain  uneov- 


164 


Building  Code 


ered  in  every  part  until  they  have  successfully  passed 
the  test.  The  plumber  must  securely  close  all  openings, 
as  directed  by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings.  The  use 
of  wooden  plugs  for  this  purpose  is  prohibited.  The 
water  test  will  be  applied  by  closing  the  lower  end  of 
the  main  house  drain  and  filling  the  pipes  to  the  highest 
opening  above  the  roof  with  water.  The  test  shall  in¬ 
clude  at  one  time  the  house  drain  and  branches,  all  ver¬ 
tical  and  horizontal  soil,  waste  and  vent,  and  all 
branches  therefrom  to  a  point  above  the  surface  of  the 
finished  floor,  and  beyond  the  finished  face  of  the  walls 
and  partitions.  Deviations  from  the  above  rule  will  not 
be  permitted,  unless  upon 'written  application  to  and 
approval  by  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings. 

(a)  New  Material  or  Installation. 

The  use  of  any  other  material  in  or  method  of  as¬ 
sembling  or  installation  of  any  part  of  a  house  drain¬ 
age  or  plumbing  system  shall  not  be  precluded  or  pro¬ 
hibited  which,  on  a  test  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings  and  the  Chief  Sanitary  Inspector, 
is  equally  as  durable  and  efficient  to  sanitary  results  as 
are  required  of  the  material  or  methods  of  assemblage 
or  installation  as  prescribed  in  this  or  any  other  chapter 
or  section  of  this  title  of  this  code. 


SUB -TITLE  VII. 

MISCELLANEOUS  PROVISIONS. 

Chapter  1. — General  Enforcement  of  Ordinance. 

Section  569.  Duty  of  City  Officers. 

The  enforcement  of  this  code  and  all  other  laws  and 
ordinances  in  force  in  the  city  applicable  to  the  same 
subject  matter  shall  primarily  devolve  upon  the  Depart¬ 
ment  of  Buildings  established  herein,  but  the  Depart¬ 
ments  of  Police,  Health,  and  Fire  shall  also  be  charged 
with  the  enforcement  of  this  code,  and  shall,  as  far  as 
possible,  act  in  connection  with  the  Department  of 
Buildings ;  but  nothing  herein  shall  be  so  construed  as 
to  exempt  any  other  officer  or  department  from  the 
obligation  of  enforcing  the  provisions  of  this  code. 

Section  570.  Civil  Proceedings. 

Whenever  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  is  satisfied 
that  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  code  or  any  part  of 


Building  Code 


1 65 


the  laws  and  ordinances  in  force  in  the  city  applicable 
to  the  same  subject  matter  have  been  or  are  about  to 
be  violated  in  any  respect,  or  that  any  order  or  direction 
of  the  Commissioner  made  in  pursuance  of  this  code*  has 
not  been  complied  with  or  is  being  disregarded,  and  civil 
proceedings  will  lie  either  for  the  enforcement  of  the 
said  laws  and  ordinances,  or  to  restrain  or  correct  the 
violation  thereof,  or  to  prevent  the  occupation  or  use 
of  any  building  or  other  structure  as  herein  provided 
that  is  being  constructed,  altered  or  maintained  in  viola¬ 
tion  of  this  code,  he  shall  anply  to  the  City  Solicitor  for 
the  purpose  of  instituting  such  civil  proceedings  as  the 
said  officer  may  think  necessary  and  advisable,  the  same 
to  be  brought  in  the  name  of  the  city;  provided,  how¬ 
ever,  that  nothing  in  this  section  and  no  action  taken 
thereunder  shall  be  held  to  exclude  any  criminal  pro¬ 
ceedings  which  may  be  authorized  by  this  title  or  any  of 
the  laws  and  ordinances  in  force  in  this  city,  or  exempt 
an)'  one  violating  this  code  and  said  laws  and  ordinances 
from  any  penalty  which  may  be  incurred. 

Section  571.  Suits  by  City  Solicitor. 

The  City  Solicitor  is  hereby  authorized  to  institute 
any  and  all  actions  and  proceedings  either  legal  or  equi¬ 
table  that  may  be  appropriate  or  necessary  for  the  en¬ 
forcement  of  the  provisions  of  this  code,  the  same  to  be 
brought  in  the  name  of  the  city. 

Section  572.  Funds. 

In  addition  to  the  funds  which  may  be  necessary  for 
the  general  expenses  connected  with  the  organization  of 
the  Department  of  Buildings  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
Council  in  the  semi-annual  appropriating  ordinance, 
upon  the  estimate  of  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  to 
set  aside  a  sufficient  sum  for  the  use  of  the  department 
for  the  enforcement  of  this  code,  particularly  unsafe 
buildings  and  other  structures  and  the  overloading  of 
buildings,  which  said  funds  shall  be  at  the  disposal  of 
the  Commissioner  as  provided  for  herein. 

Section  573.  Invalidity  of  Part  of  Code. 

The  invalidity  jof  any  section  of  this  code,  or  of  any 
provision  therein,  shall  not  invalidate  any  other  section 
or  provision  thereof,  but  the  invalid  part  shall  be  sepa¬ 
rated  by  the  Court  holding  the  same  invalid  from  the 
remainder  of  the  code,  and  the  remainder  shall  be 
effective,  and  the  invalidity  of  any  provision  in  any 


166 


Building  Code 


section  of  this  code  in  its  application  to  existing  build¬ 
ings  and  structures  shall  not  be  held  to  affect  the  valid¬ 
ity  of  such  provision  in  its  application  to  buildings  and 
structures  hereafter  erected. 

Section  574.  Pending  Proceedings. 

Nothing  in  this  code  contained  shall  be  construed  to 
affect  any  act  done  or  committed  in  violation  of  any 
former  ordinance  relating  to  the  same  subject,  or  any 
suit  or  proceeding  now  pending  in  Court  for  the  viola¬ 
tion  of  the  provisions  of  any  former  ordinance,  or  any 
cause  or  causes  of  action  accrued  or  existing  under  such 
ordinances,  but  all  proceedings  or  prosecutions  now 
pending  shall  be  conducted  to  final  determination  irre¬ 
spective  of  this  code. 

Section  575.  Safeguarding  of  Public. 

All  existing  non-fireproof  public  or  semi-public  build¬ 
ings  that  would  be  required  to  be  fireproof  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  this  code  shall  not  be  advertised  to  the  public 
as  being  fireproof. 


Chapter  2. — Penalties. 

Section  576.  Violation  of  Code. 

Any  person  or  persons,  firm  or  corporation  violating 
any  of  the  provisions  of  this  title  or  failing  to  conform 
to  any  of  the  provisions  thereof,  or  failing  to  obey  any 
order  of  the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  issued  in  pursu¬ 
ance  thereof,  where  no  penalty  is  provided,  shall  be 
guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and,  upon  conviction  thereof, 
shall  be  subject  to  a  penalty  of  a  fine  of  not  less  than 
five  ($5.00)  nor  more  than  five  hundred  ($500.00)  dol¬ 
lars,  the  same  to  be  in  the  discretion  of  the  Court,  de¬ 
pendent  upon  the  character  of  the  act  involved. 

Section  577.  Accessories. 

Any  architect,  civil  engineer,  builder,  plumber,  car¬ 
penter,  mason,  contractor,  sub-contractor,  foreman  or 
employe  who  shall  assist  in  the  violation  of  this  code  or 
of  any  certificate,  order  or  permit  issued  thereunder, 
where  no  penalty  is  provided,  shall  be  guilty  of  a  mis¬ 
demeanor,  and,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  subject  to  a 
penalty  of  a  fine  of  not  less  than  five  ($5.00)  dollars 
nor  more  than  five  hundred  ($500.00)  dollars  in  the  dis¬ 
cretion  of  the  Court. 


Supplement 


167 


SUPPLEMENT. 

* 

Miscellaneous  Sections  from  the  Codification 

of  Ordinances. 

Ordinance  No.  2565.  Passed  May  15,  1911.  Em¬ 
powering  and  authorizing  the  Chief  of  the  Fire 
Department  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati  to  inspect 
buildings  and  other  structures;  to  order  the  cor¬ 
rection  of  the  conditions  therein  which  he  may 
find  to  tend  toward  endangering  property  and 
life  by  fire;  to  appoint  deputy  inspectors  to  make 
such  inspection  and  punishing  disobedience  of 
such  orders. 

Be  it  ordained  by  the  Council  of  the  City  of  Cincin¬ 
nati,  State  of  Ohio  : 

Section  1.  The  Chief  gf  the  Fire  Department  is 
hereby  empowered  and  authorized  to  at  any  and  all 
reasonable  times  enter  upon  and  into  any  premises, 
building  or  structure  within  the  corporate  limits  of 
the  city  of  Cincinnati,  for  the  purpose  of  examining 
and  inspecting  the  same,  to  ascertain  the  condition 
thereof  with  regard  to  the  presence,  arrangement  or 
deposit  of  any  articles,  materials,  substances,  goods, 
wares  or  merchandise  which  may  have  a  tendency  to 
create  danger  of  or  from  fire  in  said  premises,  building 
or  structure,  or  to  create  danger  in  case  of  hre  on  or 
in  the  same,  or  personal  injury  to  or  loss  of  life  of  the 
occupants  of  or  persons  on  or  in  said  premises,  build¬ 
ing  or  structure;  also  with  regard  to  the  condition,  size, 
arrangement  and  efficiency  of  any  and  all  appliances 
for  protection  against  fire  on  or  in  such  premises, 
building  or  structure. 

Section  &.  If  he  shall  find,  on  such  inspection  of 
such  premises,  building  or  structure,  any  rubbish,  de¬ 
bris,  waste  or  inflammable  or  combustible  materials, 
and  that  the  same  is  not  so  arranged  or  disposed  as  to 
afford  reasonable  safeguard  against  the  dangers  of  lire, 
or  if  he  shall  find  that  the  articles,  materials,  goods, 
wares  and  merchandise  on  or  in  said  premises,  building 
or  structure  are  so  arranged  and  disposed  that  the  occu¬ 
pants  thereof  or  persons  rightfully  on  or  in  the  same 
would  not,  because  of  such  arrangement  and  disposition, 
be  afforded  reasonable  access  .to  the  exits  of  said 
premises,  building  or  structure  in  case  of  lire,  or  it  he 


168 


Supplement 


shall  find  that  by  reason  of  such  arrangement  or  dis¬ 
position  the  members  of  the  Fire  Department  would 
unnecessarily  and  unreasonably  be  interfered  with  in 
the  'exercise  of  their  duties  in  and  about  such  premises, 
building  or  structure  in  case  of  fire  in  the  same,  he  may 
order  in  writing  the  removal  of  such  rubbish,  debris, 
waste  or  inflammable  or  combustible  materials  from  said 
premises,  building  or  structure,  or  the  disposing  and  ar¬ 
ranging  of  the  same  on  or  in  said  premises,  building 
or  structure  in  such  a  manner  as  will  remove  such  dan¬ 
ger  from  fire.  He  may  also  order  in  writing  that  such 
articles,  materials,  goods,  wares  or  merchandise  be  so 
arranged  and  disposed  on  or  in  said  premises,  building 
or  structure  that  the  occupants  thereof,  or  the  persons 
rightfully  on  or  in  the  same,  will  be  afforded  all  rea¬ 
sonable  access  to  the  exits  from  the  same  in  case  of  fire, 
and  the  members  of  the  Fire  Department  will  be  afford¬ 
ed  all  reasonable  facilities  for  the  discharge  of  their 
duties  in  and  about  said  premises,  building  or  struc¬ 
ture  in  case  of  fire. 

Section  3.  If  he  shall  find  that  the  appliances  on 
or  in  such  premises,  building  or  structure  for  the  pro¬ 
tection  against  fire  are  not  in  proper  condition,  or 
of  insufficient  size  or  number,  or  are  otherwise  insuffi¬ 
cient  for  the  purpose  or  purposes  for  which  the  same 
are  designed  and  intended,  or  if  he  shall  find  that  such 
appliances  are  reasonably  necessary  for  the  protection 
of  such  premises,  building  or  structure,  and  are  wholly 
wanting,  he  shall  order,  in  the  case  of  such  improper 
condition  or  insufficiency,  that  the  same  be  placed  in 
proper  condition  and  rendered  reasonably  sufficient  to 
afford  reasonable  protection  against  fire,  and  in  the 
case  of  the  absence  of  such  appliances  where  he  may  find 
that  they  are  reasonably  necessary  for  protection  against 
fire,  he  shall  order  the  installation  of  appliances  suffi¬ 
cient  to  afford  such  reasonable  protection  in  case  of 
fire  to  said  premises,  building  or  structure  and  to  occu¬ 
pants  thereof  or  persons  rightfully  on  or  in  the  same. 

Section  4.  The  Chief  of  the  Fire  Department  here¬ 
by  is  empowered  and  authorized  to  appoint  such  and 
as  many  deputies  to  make  the  inspections  hereinbefore 
provided  for,  who  shall  report  in  writing  the  results 
of  their  inspection  to  the  Chief  of  the  Fire  Depart¬ 
ment,  and  who  are  hereby  empowered  and  authorized 
to  make  such  orders  in  respect  to  the  conditions  found 
by  them  on  inspection  as  are  hereby  authorized  to  be 
made  by  the  Chief  of  the  Fire  Department.  .  Should 


Supplement 


169 


any  owner,  lessee  or  occupant  of  any  premises,  build¬ 
ing  or  structure,  or  the  owner  or  person  in  control 
of  any  materials,  goods,  wares  or  merchandise  con¬ 
sider  himself  aggrieved  by  such  order  of  such  deputy, 
he  may,  within  twenty-four  hours  after  the  said  order 
has  been  served  on  him,  appeal  to  the  Chief  of  the 
Fire  Department,  who  shall  thereupon  make  such  order 
in  the  premises  as  in  his  discretion  he  may  deem  right 
and  reasonable,  and  said  order  shall  be  final. 

Section  5.  Such  order  or  orders  hereinbefore  men¬ 
tioned  shall  be  directed  to  the  owner,  lessee  or  occu¬ 
pant  of  such  premises,  building  or  structure,  or  to 
the  person  in  control  of  the  articles,  materials,  goods, 
wares  or  merchandise  herein  referred  to,  or  to  the 
owner  thereof,  as  the  circumstances  may  require,  and 
it  is  hereby  made  the  duty  of  such  owner,  lessee  or 
occupant  of  such  premises,  building  or  structure,  and 
of  such  person  in  control  of  such  articles,  materials, 
goods,  wares  and  merchandise,  or  the  owner  thereof, 
to  comply  with  such  order  or  orders  with  all  reason¬ 
able  dispatch  and  diligence. 

Section  6.  Any  owner,  lessee  or  occupant  of  such 
building,  premises  or  structure,  or  any  person  in  con¬ 
trol  of  such  articles,  materials,  goods,  wares  or  mer¬ 
chandise  as  hereinabove  referred  to,  or  the  owner 
thereof,  who  shall  fail  or  neglect  to  discharge  the  duties 
imposed  by  this  ordinance  and  the  orders  of  the  Chief 
of  the  Fire  Department,  or  the  deputies  appointed  by 
him  under  this  ordinance,  on  conviction  thereof,  shall 
be  fined  not  less  than  ten  dollars  or  not  more  than  one 
hundred  dollars  for  each  day  of  failure  or  neglect. 

Section  7.  The  terms  “owner,’’  “lessee,”  “occu¬ 
pant,”  “person  in  control  of,”  as  .used  in  the  foregoing, 
shall  be  construed  to  include  the  plural,  as  well  as  the 
singular,  and  artificial  persons  as  well  as  real. 


City  Base  of  Levels. 

*Section  28-1  (a).  The  Datum  of  Zero  (0.000) 
plane  for  all  engineering  works  under  the  direction 
and  control  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati  is  hereby  estab- 


*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  422-13,  passed  Aug¬ 
ust  5,  1913. 


170 


Supplement 


lished  as  mean  sea  level,  as  determined  by  the  obser¬ 
vations  of  the  Coast  and  Geodetic  Survey,  and  all  grades 
or  elevations  hereafter  established  by  the  City  of  Cin¬ 
cinnati  shall  refer  to  this  Datum. 

(b).  That  the  elevations  on  the  two  hundred  and 
seventeen  (217)  permanent  bench  marks  established  by 
the  Topographic  Survey  in  1912  by  the  City  of  Cincin¬ 
nati,  be  and  the  same  are  authorized  for  use  on  all  en¬ 
gineering  works  in  the  City  of  Cincinnati. 


^Section  226.  There  shall  be  established  within  the 
Department  of  Public  Safety  the  following  sub-de¬ 
partments,  to-wit :  Administration,  Police,  Fire  Pro¬ 
tection,  Buildings,  Smoke,  Refuge  Home,  City  Work- 
house,  City  Infirmary,  Charities  and  Corrections,  City 
Hospital,  and  Municipal  Lodging  House. 


Board  of  Examiners  of  Plumbers. 

fSECTiON  290.  No  person  shall  engage  in  the  busi¬ 
ness  of  plumbing,  gasfitting  and  drainlaying  in  the 
City  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  as  master  plumber,  or  shall 
work  at  such  trade  as  journeyman  plumber,  until  he 
shall  have  first  procured  a  license  in  accordance  with 
the  provisions  hereof. 

ISection  291.  Any  person  desiring  to  engage  in  the 
business  of  plumbing,  gasfitting  and  drainlaying  in  the 
City  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  as  master  plumber,  or  work 
at  such  trade  as  journeyman  plumber,  shall  make  appli¬ 
cation  to  the  Board  of  Examiners  as  heretofore  pro¬ 
vided  for,  and  shall  at  such  time  and  place  as  such 
Board  may  designate  undergo  such  examination  as  to 
his  qualifications  and  competency  as  the  Board  of  Ex¬ 
aminers  may  direct. 

Section  292.  There  is  hereby  created  a  Board  of 
Examiners  of  Plumbers,  consisting  of  the  Health  Officer, 
the  Inspector  of  Buildings  and  three  (3)  members,  two 
of  whom  shall  be  master  plumbers  and  one  journeyman 
plumber.  The  Health  Officer  and  the  Inspector  of 
Buildings  shall  be  members  ex-officio  of  such  Examin¬ 
ing  Board  and  serve  without  compensation.  The  other 

*As  amended  by  Ordinace  No.  410 — 14,  passed  July 
15,  1914. 

tAs  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  220 — 14,  passed  April 
28,  1914, 


Supplement 


171 


members  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Mayor  for  the  term 
of  one  (1)  year,  said  appointment  to  date  from  the  29th 
day  of  March,  1909,  and  thereafter  annually.  Said  ap¬ 
pointed  members  shall  severally  be  paid  the  sum  of  five 
dollars  ($5. CO)  for  each  day,  or  part  thereof,  spent  in 
the  performance  of  the  duties  of  such  office,  hut  such 
compensation  shall  never  exceed  the  sum  of  twenty-five 
dollars  ($25.00)  per  month  for  each  of  said  appointed 
members. 

^Section  293.  The  Mayor  shall  appoint  a  Secretary 
of  said  Board  of  Examiners,  and  may  remove  him  for 
inefficiency,  neglect  of  duty  or  malfeasance  in  office. 
Said  secretary  may  he  a  deputy,  clerk  or  employe  in  the 
Sub-department  of  Buildings ;  he  shall  serve  without 
compensation,  and  no  bond  shall  be  required  of  him. 

tSECTiON  294.  Said  Board  of  Examiners  shall,  within 
thirty  (30)  days  after  the  appointment  of  said  members, 
meet  and  organize  by  the  selection  of  a  Chairman,  and 
they  shall  designate  the  time  and  place  for  the.  examina¬ 
tion  of  all  applicants  for  license.  Said  Board  shall  ex¬ 
amine  applicants  for  a  master  plumber’s  license  as  to 
their  practical  and  theoretical  knowledge  of  plumbing, 
house  drainage  and  ventilation,  and  also  as  to  their 
ability  to  lay  out  plumbing  work.  All  applicants  for  a 
journeyman  plumber’s  license  shall  be  by  such  Board, 
examined  as  to  their  practical  knowledge  of  and  me¬ 
chanical  competency  in  the  performance  of  plumbing 
work.  All  applicants,  whether  for  a  master  plumber’s 
or  journeyman  plumber’s  license,  shall  be  examined  as 
to  their  knowledge  of  the  ordinances  of  the  city  regu¬ 
lating  such  work.  Every  applicant  for  examination  as 
master  plumber  shall  pay  into  the  City  Treasury  a  fee 
of  five  ($5.00)  dollars  before  he  shall  be  qualified  to 
undergo  such  examination.  If  upon  paying  such  fee  and 
undergoing  such  examination,  the  said  Board  of  Exam¬ 
iners  is  satisfied  of  the  competency  of  such  applicant 
for  master  plumber’s  license,  and  after  undergoing  such 
examination  said  Board  is  satisfied  of  the  competency 
of  such  applicant  for  journeyman  plumber’s  license,  said 
Board  shall  so  certify  to  the  City  Auditor,  and  such 


*As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  49-12,  passed  January 
15,  1912. 

fAs  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  220—1 4,  passed  April 
28,  1914. 


172 


Supplement 


certificate  shall  recite  that  the  applicant  has  passed  such 
examination  as  a  master  plumber  or  journeyman  plumb¬ 
er,  as  the  case  may  be.  The  City  Auditor  shall,  upon 
the  payment  of  the  fee  hereinafter  prescribed  into  the 
City  Treasury,  issue  such  applicant  a  license  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  such  certificate,  authorizing  him  to  follow, 
engage  in  or  work  at  the  occupation  or  trade  of  plumb¬ 
er,  gasfitter  and  drainlayer  in  the  City  of  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  in  the  capacity  specified  in  such  license.  The 
fee  for  such  original  license  as  master  plumber  shall 
be  twenty-five  ($25.00)  dollars,  and  for  such  original 
license  as  journeyman  plumber,  one  ($1.00)  dollar.  Such 
license  as  master  plumber  shall  be  renewed  annually 
upon  payment  of  a  fee  of  two  dollars  and  fifty  cents 
($2.50),  and  such  license  as  journeyman  plumber  shall 
be  renewed  annually  upon  payment  of  a  fee  of  fifty 
(50c)  cents.  All  licenses  shall  expire  on  the  30th  day 
of  June  of  each  year,  and  no  reduction  shall  be  made 
for  any  part  of  the  year  having  elapsed.  Any  person  en¬ 
gaged  in  the  occupation  of  plumber,  gasfitter  and  drain- 
layer,  either  as  master  plumber  or  journeyman  plumber, 
who  shall  fail  to  procure  such  renewal  of  such  license 
within  thirty  days  from  the  date  of  the  expiration 
thereof  shall,  before  he  shall  secure  a  license,  present 
himself  to  the  Board  of  Examiners,  and  shall  undergo 
such  examination,  pay  such  original  fees  and  secure  such 
certificate  before  he  shall  be  eligible  for  a  license  to  en¬ 
gage  in  or  work  at  such  business  or  trade  again. 

tSectjon  294-1.  Every  person  who  shall  receive  a 
license  as  master  plumber  shall  register  with  the  Secre¬ 
tary  of  the  Board  of  Examiners,  upon  such  form  or 
forms  as  the  said  Board  may  direct,  his  name,  place  of 
business  and  home  address.  Every  partnership  or  cor¬ 
poration  desiring  to  engage  in  the  business  of  plumbing, 
gasfitting  and  drainlaying  as  master  plumber  shall  cause 
to  be  filed  with  the  Secretary  of  the  said  Board  of  Ex¬ 
aminers  a  statement,  subscribed  and  sworn  to  by  a  mem¬ 
ber  of  such  partnership  or  an  officer  of  such  corpora¬ 
tion,  reciting  the  members  of  the  partnership,  its  place 
of  business,  or  the  officers  of  such  corporation  and  its 
place  of  business.  Every  partnership  and  corporation 
desiring  to  engage  in  the  business  of  plumbing,  gas¬ 
fitting  and  drainlaying,  as  master  plumber,  shall  have  at 


fAs  amended  bv  Ordinance  Xo.  220-14,  passed  April 
28,  1914. 


Supplement 


^  o 

4  O 


least  one  member  of  such  partnership,  or  one  officer  of 
such  corporation,  a  qualified  licensed  master  plumber, 
and  such  partnership  or  corporation  may  follow  and 
engage  in  such  business  of  master  plumber  upon  the 
license  of  such  member  or  officer.  However,  should 
such  member  of  such  partnership,  or  officer  of  such  cor¬ 
poration,  cease  to  represent  it  actively,  then  it  shall  be 
unlawful  for  such  partnership  or  corporation  to  engage 
in  such  business  as  master  plumber  until  another  person 
has  qualified  as  herein  provided  for. 

f Section  294-2.  Every  licensed  master  plumber  shall 
have  a  bona  fide  place  of  business  in  the  City  of  Cin¬ 
cinnati,  Ohio,  and  shall  display  on  the  front  of  his  or 
their  place  of  business  a  sign  “Licensed  Master  Plumb¬ 
er, : ”  bearing  the  name  of  the  person,,  firm  or  corpora¬ 
tion  in  letters  not  less  than  three  (3)  inches  high. 

•(•Section  294-3.  No  person,  other  than  a  licensed  mas¬ 
ter  plumber,  shall  be  allowed  to  carry  on  or  engage  in 
the  business  of  plumbing,  gasfitting  and  drainlaying,  as 
master  plumber,  in  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  nor 
shall  any  person  expose  the  sign  of  plumbing,  gasfitting 
and  drainlaying,  or  any  advertisement  pertaining  there¬ 
to,  in  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  unless  he  or  they 
shall  have  first  been  duly  licensed  in  accordance  with 
the  provisions  hereof.  Nor  shall  any  person  or  persons, 
other  than  a  licensed  master  plumber,  or  a  person  in  his 
or  their  employ,  or  under  his  or  their  supervision,  be 
allowed  to  alter,  repair,  or  make  any  connection  with 
any  drain,  soil,  waste  or  vent  pipe,  or  with  any  pipe  con¬ 
nected  therewith. 

f Section  294-4.  No  person,  having  procured  a  license 
as  master  plumber,  shall  permit  or  allow  the  use  of  his 
name  by  any  person  or  persons,  directly  or  indirectly, 
except  as  hereinbefore  provided,  for  the  purpose  of 
obtaining  a  permit  or  permits  to  do  any  plumbing,  gas¬ 
fitting  or  drainlaying  work. 

•(•Section  295.  Any  person  violating  anv  provision 
of  Sections  290,  291,  294,  294-1,  294-2,  294-3  and  294-4 
hereof  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and 
upon  conviction  thereof  shall  be  fined  not  less  than  five 
($5.00)  dollars,  nor  more  than  five  hundred  ($500.00) 
dollars,  or  imprisoned  not  more  than  six  (6)  months. 


fAs  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  220-14,  passed  April 
28,  1914. 


174 


Supplement 


Section  296.  All  junior  plumbers  shall  be  under  the 
jurisdiction  of  employer  during  the  term  of  apprentice¬ 
ship,  and  need  not  take  the  examination. 

tSection  297.  The  license  herein  provided  for  may, 
at  any  time,  be  revoked  for  a  violation  of  any  of  the 
provisions  of  the  foregoing  sections,  for  a  failure  on 
the  part  of  the  master  plumber  to  maintain  a  bona  hde 
place  of  business,  and  for  incompetency,  dereliction  of 
duty  or  fraudulent  use,  after  a  full  and  fair  hearing 
by  a  majority  of  the  Board  of  Examiners. 

Section  298.  All  money  derived  from  the  examina¬ 
tion  of  applicants  shall  go  to  the  credit  of  the  General 
Fund. 


Obstruction  of  Gutters. 

Section  665.  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  obstruct  any 
gutter  so  as  to  impede  the  passage  of  water,  flowing  in 
said  gutter  in  any  alley,  street  or  other  thoroughfare 
in  the  city. 

Section  667.  Openings  in  Streets — It  shall  be  un¬ 
lawful  for  any  person  or  persons,  firm,  corporation  or 
any  city  department  other  than  the  Street  Repair  De¬ 
partment  of  the  Department  of  Public  Service,  and 
the  duly  accredited  officers  of  such  department,  to 
make  any  openings  in  the  surface  or  pavement  of  any 
street,  alley  or  public  way  of  the  city,  unless  a  permit 
to  make  such  opening  has  been  issued  in  accordance 
with  the  regulations  contained  herein. 

Section  668.  Any  person,  persons,  firm  or  corpora¬ 
tion  desiring  to  make  any  opening  in  any  surface  or 
pavement  on  any  street,  alley  or  public  way  of  the  city, 
shall  file  with  the  Director  of  Public  Service,  on  a  blank 
provided  therefor,  an  application  for  a  permit,  which 
application  shall  state  the  name  of  the  applicant,  the 
name  of  the  street,  the  kind  of  pavement  thereon,  the 
purpose  of  the  proposed  openings  and  the  exact  size  and 
location  of  the  proposed  opening,  when  in  the  opinion 
of  the  Director  of  Public  Service  giving  such  exact  size 
and  location  is  practicable.  Before  any  permit  can  be 
issued  in  response  to  this  application,  a  deposit  must 
be  made  with  the  City  Treasurer  of  such  size  as  may, 
in  the  opinion  of  the  Director  of  Public  Service,  be 
amply  sufficient  to  cover  the  cost  of  restoring  the  street 


fAs  amended  by  Ordinance  Xo.  220-14,  passed  April 
28,  1914. 


Supplement 


175 


surface  or  paving  and  maintaining  same  for  a  period 
of  two  years.  This  cost  to  be  determined  according  to 
rules  to  be  prescribed  by  the  Director  of  Public  Service, 
and  may  be  estimated  at  a  certain  price  per  square  yard 
for  each  kind  of  street  pavement,  or  may  be  estimated 
by  the  actual  cost  of  the  labor  and  material  necessary 
to  restore  the  pavement  over  the  opening,  plus  a  certain 
percentage  for  inspection  and  maintenance.  Upon  the 
filing  of  the  above  application  and  the  presentation  of 
the  evidence  that  sufficient  funds  are  on  deposit  to  cover 
the  estimated  cost  of  restoring  the  street  as  above  speci¬ 
fied,  the  Director  of  Public  Service  may  issue  a  permit 
to  make  the  opening  described  in  the  application,  such 
permit  to  state  the  name  of  the  applicant,  the  name  of 
the  street,  the  kind  of  pavement  thereon,  the  purpose 
of  the  proposed  opening,  and  the  exact  size  and  location 
of  the  proposed  opening,  when  in  the  opinion  of  the 
Director  of  Public  Service  the  giving  of  such  exact  size 
and  location  is  practicable.  Where,  however,  the  nature 
of  the  proposed  work  is  such  as  to  require  a  series  of 
openings  close  together,  and  where,  in  the  opinion  of 
the  said  Director,  it  is  impossible  or  impracticable  to 
determine  in  advance  the  exact  size  and  location  of 
desired  opening,  a  permit  may  be  issued  covering  such 
series  of  openings  for  such  length  of  street  as  may  be 
deemed  proper  by  the  Director.  In  no  case,  however, 
may  anV  openings  be  made  of  greater  size  than  can 
be  repaved  by  the  deposit  on  hand,  and  in  case  it  is 
found  that  such  opening  has  exceeded,  this  size,  the 
Director  of  Public  Service  will  immediately  cause  the 
work  on  such  opening  to  cease  until  deposit  is  increased. 

Section  669.  All  moneys  received  under  the  provi¬ 
sions  hereof  as  deposits,  shall  be  paid  to  the  City^  1  reas- 
urer  and  credited  to  a  fund  to  be  known  as  the  Street 
Restoration  Fund,”  and  the  cost  of  restoring  streets, 
alleys  or  public  ways  after  such  openings  have  been 
made  and  the  back-filling  has  been  satisfactorily  com¬ 
pleted  by  the  party  making  the  opening,  shall  be  paid 
by  the  Treasurer  out  of  said  funds  upon  the  presenta¬ 
tion  of  the  proper  voucher  or  payroll  signed  according 
to  law.  At  any  time  after  the  completion  of  the  restora¬ 
tion  of  the  street  pavement  over  the  opening,  the  party 
who  made  the  deposit  will,  on  demand,  be  entitled  to  a 
refund  of  the  balance  on  hand  after  deducting  the  cost 
of  the  restoration  determined  in  accordance  with  the 
rules  of  the  Director  of  Public  Service. 

Section  670.  The  work  of,  or  connected  with,  the  re- 


176 


Supplement 


storing  of  the  surface  or  pavement  of  the  street,  alley 
or  public  way,  after  such  opening  and  the  back-filling 
shall  have  been  made,  shall  be  done  by  and  under  the 
supervision  and  control  of  the  Street^  Repair  Depart¬ 
ment  of  the  Department  of  Public  Service,  and  no  other 
person,  persons,  firms,  corporations  or  departments 
shall  have  authority  to  do  such  work  of  restoration. 
The  above  work  of  restoration  will  include  the  relaying 
of  the  foundation  of  concrete  or  other  material  except 
in  cases  where  this  is  deemed  inexpedient  by  the  Direct¬ 
or  of  Public  Service,  in  which  cases  the  said  founda¬ 
tion  of  concrete  may  be  laid  to  the  surface  of  the  pav¬ 
ing  bed  by  the  party  making  the  opening,  provided  that 
"  this  concrete  be  in  all  respects  equal  to  that  called  for 
by  the  standard  city  specifications  in  force  at  the  time 
said  concrete  is  laid. 

Section  671.  The  Director  of  Public  Service  is  here¬ 
by  authorized  and  directed  to  prepare  and  to  keep  on 
hand  suitable  forms  for  applications  to  be  made  and 
permits  to  be  granted  under  provisions  herein,  and  to 
adopt  and  enforce  suitable  rules  and  regulations  for 
determining  the  estimated  cost  of  the  restoration  of 
any  opening  in  any  street,  alley  or  public  way,  and  for 
the  restoration  by  the  Street  Repair  Department  of 
such  openings,  and  to  employ  such  clerks,  inspectors 
and  other  employes  as  may  be  deemed  necessary  by 
said  Director  to  carry  into  effect  the  provisions  herein. 

Section  672.  Xo  annual,  emergency  or  blanket  per¬ 
mit  for  more  than  one  opening  shall  be  granted  by  said- 
Director,  but  in  unforeseen  emergencies,  when  the  ne¬ 
cessities  of  the  public  require,  the  public  service  cor¬ 
porations  shall  be  allowed  to  make  such  openings ;  pro¬ 
vided,  however,  that  in  such  case  a  regular  permit  shall 
be  obtained  by  such  corporation  as  soon  as  possible 
after  such  opening  is  made. 

Section  673.  Any  person,  persons,  firm  or  corpora¬ 
tion  which  shall  violate  any  of  the  provisions  of  Sec¬ 
tions  667,  668,  670  herein,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a 
misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  be  fined 
in  the  sum  of  not  to  exceed  fifty  ($50.00)  dollars,  nor 
less  than  twenty-five  ($25.00)  dollars  for  each  offense, 
and  each  opening  made  in  violation  of  the  provisions 
of  said  sections  shall  constitute  a  separate  offense. 

Section  674.  The  Street  Repair  Department  of  the 
Department  of  Public  Service,  and  their  duly  accredited 


Supplement 


177 


officers  and  forces,  shall  not  be  subject  to  the  regula¬ 
tions  herein,  but  the  foreman  of  each  gang  in  such  de¬ 
partment  shall  carry  constantly  with  him  written  cre¬ 
dentials,  issued  by  the  Director  of  Public  Service,  cer¬ 
tifying  to  his  official  position.  A  failure  to  have  such 
credentials  shall  be  deemed  a  violation  of  the  said  sec¬ 
tions  above  provided. 

Section  674-1.  1  he  Director  of  Public  Service  shall 
use  all  street  dirt  and  ashes  in  filling  to  grade  street, 
which  have  been  dedicated  to  the  city,  and  that  the  filling 
in  with  such  street  dirt  and  ashes  on  private  property, 
or  any  other  property  other  than  regularly  dedicated 
streets,  be  prohibited. 

Section  675.  Warning  Lights - Every  person  who. 

in  this  city,  shall  dig,  or  cause  to  be  dug,  in  or  ad¬ 
joining  any  of  the  public  ways  of  said  city,  any  exca¬ 
vation  whatsoever,  and  every  person  digging  or  caus¬ 
ing  any  such  excavation  to  be  dug,  and  every  person 
who  shall  occupy  or  cause  to  be  occupied  any  portion 
of  any  public  street  or  any  public  way  with  building 
material  or  any  obstruction,  shall  cause  two  red  lights 
to  be  securely  and  conspicuously  posted  in  or  near 
such^  excavation,  building  material,  or  obstructions, 
one  at  each  end  of  the  space  so  excavated  or  occupied, 
and  if  the  space  occupied  by  such  obstruction  shall 
exceed  fifty  (50)  feet  in  extent,  then  such  person 
shall  cause  an  additional  light  to  be  posted  as  afore¬ 
said,  for  every  additional  fifty  (50)  feet  in  extent  or 
portion  thereof  so  excavated  or  occupied,  as  afore- 
,  said,  and  shall  keep  such  light  burning  the  entire 
night. 

Section  676.  Any  person  violating  the  provisions 
of  the  preceding  section,  or  who  removes  any  light  or 
lights  from  the  obstruction,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of 
a  misdemeanor,  and,  upon  conviction  thereof,  shall  he 
fined  not  less  than  five  ($5.00)  dollars  nor  more  than 
fifty  ($50.00)  dollars  for  each  offense. 


Tapping  of  Sewers. 

Section  705.  That  no  connection  shall  be  made  with 
any  public  sewer  or  drain  without  the  written  permis¬ 
sion  of  the  Director  of  Public  Service;  and  any  con¬ 
nection  or  opening  made  into  public  sewer  or  drain 
without  such  permission,  or  in  any  manner  different 
from  the  mode  herein  prescribed  for  such  opening  or 
connection,  shall  subject  the  person  or  persons  making 


178 


Supplement 


the  same,  and  the  owners  of  the  premises  directing  it, 
to  a  penalty  hereinafter  prescribed ;  and  each  day  that 
any  person  shall  without  such  permission  continue  to 
use  the  drain  into  said  sewers,  shall  be  considered  a 
separate  offense. 

Section  706.  The  Director  of  Public  S  ervice  is  here¬ 
by  authorized  to  grant  such  permits  as  he  may  deem 
proper,  for  allowing  persons  to  tap  the  public  sewers 
and  make  connections  therewith ;  provided,  however, 
that  the  permit  shall  be  granted  only  on  the  express  con¬ 
dition  that  the  owner  or  tenant,  for  whose  benefit  such 
connection  is  made,  and  each  succeeding  tenant,  shall, 
in  consideration  of  the  privilege  thereby  granted  and 
enjoyed,  hold  the  City  of  Cincinnati  harmless  from  any 
loss  or  damage  that  may  in  any  way  result  from  or  be 
occasioned  by  such  tap  or  connections. 

Section  707.  The  connections  with  and  openings  in 
any  sewer  or  drain,  must  be  made  by  a  person  author¬ 
ized  and  approved  by  the  Director  of  Public  Service, 
and  none  others. 

Section  708.  Xo  person  shall  be  authorized  by  the 
Director  of  Public  Service  to  do  the  work  of  making 
connections  with  an}’  of  the  public  sewers  or  drains, 
or  their  lateral  connections,  until  he  has  furnished  the 
said  Director  with  a  satisfactory  certificate  signed  bv 
at  least  two  reputable  masons,  if  he  be  a  mason,  or  two 
reputable  plumbers,  if  he  be  a  plumber,  to  the  effect 
that  the  applicant  is  a  person  known  to  them  regu¬ 
larly  educated  to  the  business  and  qualified  for  the 
duties  which  he  undertakes ;  and  previous  to  being 
authorized  or  licensed  by  said  Director,  the  party  ap¬ 
plying  shall  file  a  bond  in  the  office  of  the  Department 
of  Public  Service,  in  such  sum  as  may  be  designated 
by  said  Director,  not  less,  however,  than  one  thousand 
($1,000.00)  dollars,  with  two  or  more  sureties,  to  be 
approved  by  said  Director,  conditioned  that  he  will 
indemnify  and  save  harmless  the  City  of  Cincinnati 
from  all  loss  or  damage  that  may  be  occasioned  in  any 
wise  by  accident  or  the  want  of  care  or  skill  on  his 
part,  in  the  prosecution  of  such  work,  or  that  may 
be  occasioned  by  reason  of  any  opening  by  him  made 
or  caused  to  be  made  in  any  street,  lane  or  avenue, 
market-space  or  common,  in  the  making  of  any  con¬ 
nection  with  any  public  or  private  sewer  as  aforesaid; 
and  also  deposit  a  sufficient  sum  of  money  to  restore 
the  street  over  such  opening  to  as  good  state  and  con- 


Supplement 


179 


dition  as  it  was  previous  to  opening  the  same ;  and 
that  he  will  conform  in  all  respects  to  the  rules  and 
regulations  which  may  be  from  time  to  time  established 
by  said  Director  of  Public  Service  in  relation  to  the 
putting  *in  junctions,  and  tapping  any  of  the  public 
sewers  and  drains. 

Section  709.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person 
authorized  by  the  Director  of  Public  Service  to  make 
connections  with  sewers  and  drains,  to  allow  his  name 
to  be  used  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining  such  permits, 
or  of  doing  any  work  under  his  authority,  under  the 
penalty  hereinafter  prescribed.  It  shall  be  the  duty 
of  each  and  every  person  authorized  or  licensed  by 
said  Director,  in  accordance  with  preceding  section, 
V  to  record  his  name  and  that  of  the  firm,  in  case  of 
partnership,  together  with  the  place  of  business,  in  a 
book  of  record,  to  be  kept  by  said  Director,  and  also 
to  immediately  notify  the  Director  of  any  change  of 
either  thereafter,  by  recording  the  name,  firm  and 
place  of  business  as  theretofore  in  said  record. 

Section  710.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person 
in  possession  of  premises,  into  which  a  pipe  or  other 
connection  with  the  public  sewers  and  drains  has  been 
laid  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  off  animal  refuse 
from  water-closets,  slops  from  kitchens,  or  for  other 
purposes,  to  allow  the  same  to  remain  without  good 
and  perfect  fixtures  so  attached  as  to  allow  a  suffi¬ 
ciency  of  water  to  be  so  applied  as  properly  to  carry 
off  such  matters  and  keep  the  same  unobstructed. 
Each  day  the  same  are  permitted  to  remain  without 
such  fixtures  for  supplying  said  water  shall  be  deemed 
a  distinct  and  separate  offense. 

Section  711.  That  no  butchers’  offal  or  garbage, 
dead  animals,  or  obstruction  of  any  kind  whatsoever 
shall  be  placed,  thrown  or  deposited  in  any  sewer  or 
receiving  hasin  under  the  control  of  said  city,  and 
within  its  limits ;  and  any  person  so  offending  or  caus¬ 
ing  such  obstructions  or  substance  to.be  so  placed  as 
to  be  carried  into  such  sewer  or  basin  shall  he  sub¬ 
ject  to  the  penalty  hereinafter  prescribed  for  each  ol- 
fense;  and  any  person  injuring,  breaking  or  removing 
any  portion  of  any  receiving  basin,  covering  plate,  man¬ 
hole  cover,  or  any  part  of  any  sewer  or  appurtenances, 
or  obstructing  the  mouth  of  any  sewer  or  drain,  shall 
be  subject  to  the  penalty  hereinafter  prescribed. 


180 


Supplement 


Section  712.  After  a  permit  has  been  issued,  notice 
m  writing  must  in  all  cases  be  left  at  the  office  of 
the  Director  of  Public  Service  by  the  person  who  is 
about  to  make  the  connection  with  any  sewer  or  drain, 
stating  the  time  when  such  work  will  be  re^idy  for 
inspection,  previous  to  making  such  connection.  This 
notice  must  be  left  between  the  hours  of  9  a.  m.  and 
4  p.  M.  on  the  day  previous  to  making  such  connection. 

Section  713.  No  drain  from  any  house,  store,  or 
tenement  whatever  shall  be  connected  with  any  pub¬ 
lic  sewer  in  this  city,  otherwise  than  by  drain  pipe, 
which  shall  be  six  inches  in  diameter,  excepting  it  may, 
in  a  special  case,  be  otherwise  ordered  by  the  Director 
of  Public  Service. 

Section  714.  All  applications  for  permit  must  be 
made  in  writing  by  the  party  employed  to  do  the 
work,  and  must  be  accompanied  by  the  signature  of 
the  owners  and  tenants,  or  his  or  their  authorized 
agents  or  attorney,  of  the  premises  for  whose  benefit 
the  application  is  made,  and  must  state  the  location, 
name  of  the  owner,  number  of  buildings  to  •  be  con¬ 
nected,  and  how  occupied,  and  must  be  made  between 
the  hours  of  9  A.  M.  and  4  p.  m. 

Section  715.  Any  person  authorized  or  licensed  to 
make  connections  with  sewers  and  drains,  who  shall 
be  guilty  of  any  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter,  shall  be  immediately  deprived  of  his  license ; 
and  any  person  guilty  of  violation  of  the  provisions 
of  this  chapter  shall,  on  conviction  thereof  in  the  Police 
Court  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  be  fined  in  any  sum 
not  less  than  ten  ($10.00)  dollars  nor  exceeding  one 
hundred  ($100.00)  dollars,  except  as  to  Section  711, 
when  the  same  shall  not  exceed  fifty  ($50.00)  dollars, 
at  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

Section  716.  The  Director  of  Public  Service  shall 
pay  over  all  moneys  by  him  collected  under  and  by 
virtue  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  to  the  City 
Treasurer,  and  he  is  authorized  to  make  such  rules 
and  regulations,  not  inconsistent  with  this  chapter, 
for  the  tapping  of  the  public  sewers  and  drains,  and 
amend  the  same’ from  time  to  time  as  in  his  judgment 
may  be  deemed  necessary. 

Vacation  Ordinance. 

*Sec.  745-1.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person, 
firm  or  corporation  to  lease,  let,  permit  the  occupancy 

*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  73-13,  passed  Feb¬ 
ruary  4,  1913. 


Supplement 


181 


of,  permit  the  continuation  *  of  the  occupancy  of  or 
continue  the  occupancy  of  any  structure  or  building  or 
any  portion  thereof,  used  for  human  habitation,  unless 
such  structure,  or  building  or  portion  thereof  be  free 
from  unclean  and  unsanitary  conditions,  as  defined  in 
the  subsequent  sections  of  this  chapter  and  unless  the 
provisions  of  said  subsequent  sections  are  complied 
with. 

""Sec.  745-2.  Any  structure  or  building  or  any  por¬ 
tion  thereof  used  for  human  habitation,  shall  be  deemed 
to  be  in  an  unclean  and  unsanitary  condition  by  reason 
of  any  portion  of  such  building  being  infected  with  a 
communicable  disease,  or  by  reason  of  the  absence 
therein  or  thereon  of  toilet  facilities  as  required  by 
law  or  ordinance,  or  by  reason  of  the  known  presence 
of  sewer  gas  therein  or  thereon. 

Any  structure  or  building  or  any  portion  thereof  used 
for  human  habitation  shall  be  deemed  to  be  in  an  un¬ 
clean  and  unsanitary  condition  when  unfit  for  human 
habitation  or  in  a  condition  dangerous  or  harmful  to 
the  lives  or  health  of  the  occupants  by  reason  of  the 
inhabited  portion  of  the  house  being  damp  or  wet,  or 
by  reason  of  such  lack  of  repair,  or  by  reason  of  such 
accumulation  of  dirt,  filth,  litter,  refuse  or  other  offen¬ 
sive  or  dangerous  substances  or  liquids,  or  by  reason 
of  such  defects  in-  or  lack  of  repair  of  or  improper  use 
of  the  drainage,  plumbing  or  ventilation,  or  by  reason 
of  the  existence  on  the  premises  of  such  a  nuisance 
or  other  conditions  as  is  likely  to  cause  sickness  among 
the  occupants. 

*Sec.  745-3.  Any  structure  or  building  or  any  por¬ 
tion  thereof,  used  for  human  habitation,  which  is  in 
said  unclean  or  unsanitary  condition,  is  hereby  declared 
to  constitute  a  public  nuisance. 

*Sec.  745-4.  Whenever  the  Board  of  Health  of  the 
City  of  Cincinnati  ascertains  from -examination  or  re¬ 
ports  of  its  inspectors,  or  sanitary  officers  or  otherwise 
that  a  public  nuisance  exists,  as  defined  in  the  fore¬ 
going  Sections  2  and  3-  of  this  chapter,  in  or  upon  any 
structure  or  building,  or  portion  thereof,  and  is  of  the 
opinion  that  such  nuisance  is  capable  of  being  abated 
.without  immediate  vacation  of  the  premises  or  such 
portion  thereof,  and  serves  notice  upon  the  owner  of 
such  house,  or  his  lessee  or  agent,  or  the  person  in 

*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  73-13,  passed  Feb¬ 
ruary  4,  1913. 


182 


Supplement 


possession,  charge,  or  control  thereof,  directing  him 
to  abate  such  nuisance  and  remove  the  unclean  or 
unsanitary  conditions  within  such  reasonable  time  as 
may  be  fixed  by  said  board  and  specified  in  said  notice, 
it  shall  then  be  the  duty  of  such  owner,  agent  or  per¬ 
son  to  abate  such  nuisance  within  such  time.  When¬ 
ever  such  abatement  does  not  take  place  within  such 
time,  or  whenever,  in  the  opinion  of  said  board,  such 
abatement  is  impossible  or  impracticable  without  an 
immediate  vacation  of  the  house  or  portion  thereof, 
and  said  board  serves  notice  upon  the  owner,  lessee, 
agent  or  person  in  possession,  charge  or  control  thereof 
to  vacate  or  cause  the  vacation  of  such  house  or  por¬ 
tion  thereof  designated  in  the  notice,  then  it  shall  be 
the  duty  of  such  owner,  lessee,  agent,  or  person  to 
vacate  or  cause  the  vacation  of  such  house  or  portion 
thereof  within  twenty  (20)  days  from  the  date  of 
the  service  of  such  notice  or  within  a  shorter  time 
(not  less  than  twenty-four  hours  in  any  case)  as  may 
be  specified  in  said  notice.  Whenever,  either  in  addi¬ 
tion  to  or  without  the  service  of  said  notices  on  said 
owner,  lessee,  agent,  or  person  in  possession,  charge  or 
control,  the  said  board  is  of  the  opinion  that  such 
nuisance  can  be  abated  by  a  tenant  or  other  occupant 
of  such  house  or  portion  thereof,  and  such  notices, 
either  for  abatement  of  the  nuisance  or  of  vacation  of 
the  premises,  are  served  upon  such  tenant  or  other  oc¬ 
cupant,  then  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  such  tenant  or  other 
occupants  to  comply  with  the  terms  of  such  notices 
and  to  abate  the  nuisance  or  vacate  the  premises  ac¬ 
cordingly.  After  any  such  notice  or  order  of  vacation, 
it  shall  be  unlawful  to  occupy  or  permit  the  occupancy 
of  such  premises  or  portion  thereof  until  such  nuisance 
shall  have  been  completely  abated,  and  such  building 
or  portion  thereof  shall  have  been  rendered  clean  and 
sanitary  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  notices 
of  the  Board  of  Health.  When  there  is  no  owner, 
agent,  lessee  or  person  in  charge,  possession  or  con¬ 
trol,  who  is  a  resident  of  or  can  be  served  in  the  Citv 
of  Cincinnati,  then  personal  service  outside  of  said 
city  on  any  such  owner,  agent,  lessee  or  person  in 
charge,  possession  or  control,  by  any  one  delegated 
by  said  Board  of  Health  to  make  such  service,  or  by 
registered  letter,  or  if  the  address  of  the  owner,  les- 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  73-13,  passed  Feb¬ 
ruary  4,  1913. 


V. 


Supplement 


183 


see,  agent  or  person  in  possession,  charge  or  control 
be  unknown,  or  service  be  not  secured  by  registered 
letter  after  effort  so  to  do,  by  notice  by  publication 
once  a  week  for  two  consecutive  weeks  in  any  news¬ 
paper  of  general  circulation  in  Cincinnati,  or  posting 
or  attaching  to  or  on  the  outside  of  said  structure  01 
building  of  a  copy  of  the  notice  or  order  consecutively 
for  two  weeks,  shall  have  the  same  effect  as  service 
within  said  city. 

*Sec.  745-5.  When  the  unsanitary  condition  of  any 
such  building  or  part  thereof  is,  in  the  opinion  of  the 
said  Board  of  Health,  due  to  the  violation  of  any  of 
the  provisions  of  the  Building  Code  of  Cincinnati,  be¬ 
ing  Sections  332  to  577  inclusive  of  the  Code  of  Ordi¬ 
nances  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  and  the  ordinances  and 
sections  amendatory  thereof  and  supplementary  there¬ 
to,  and  said  Board  shall  certify  such  fact  to  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings  of  the  City  or  Chief  Housing  In¬ 
spector  of  the  city  respectively  in  charge  of  the  en¬ 
forcement  of  the  particular  section  or  ordinance  thus 
violated,  it  shall  thereupon  be  the  duty  of  said  Com¬ 
missioner  or  Chief  Housing  Inspector  to  proceed,  in 
accordance  with  the  .provisions  of  said  Building  Code, 
to  enforce  the  provisions  thus  violated  ;  and  thereupon, 
in  addition  to  the  powers  of  said  Commissioner  and 
Chief  Housing  Inspector  respectively,  and  the  methods 
of  enforcement  provided  in  said  Building  Code,  said 
Commissioner  or  Chief  Housing  Inspector  may  issue 
and  serve,  publish  or  post  an  order  or  notice  of  vaca- 
like  terms  and  conditions,  and  of  like  pur- 
provided  in  Section  4  of  this  chapter  for 
vacation  issued  by  the  Board  of  Health; 

and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  person,  firm  or  cor¬ 
poration  thus  notified  to  comply  with  the  terms  of  such 
notice,  and  to  vacate  or  cause  the  vacation  of  the  build¬ 
ing  or  portion  thereof  until  the  said  provisions  of  the 
Building  Code  shall  have  been  complied  with.  With¬ 
out  any  certification  from  the  Board  of  Health,  the 

said  Commissioner  of  Buildings  or  Chief  Housing  In¬ 
spector  may,  respectively,  in  accordance  with  the  di¬ 
vision  of  their  respective  jurisdictions  over  the  enforce¬ 
ment  of  such  sections  of  the  ordinances,  enforce  the 
provisions  of  Sections  530,  531,  532,  533,  534,  535,  536, 

537,  538,  538a  to  538c,  539,  540,  542,  543,  544,  545,  546, 


tion  upon 
port  as  is 
orders  of 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  73—13,  passed  heb- 
ruary  4,  1913. 


184 


Supplement 


547,  548,  549,  550,  550a,  551,  552,  553,  555,  556,  557, 
558,  559,  560,  561,  562,  563,  564,  565,  566  and  567  of  the 
Code  of  Ordinances  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  and  all 
sections  now  or  hereafter  passed  amendatory  and  sup¬ 
plementary  thereto,  by  issuing  and  serving,  publishing 
or  posting  notices  or  orders  of  abatement  and  vacation 
upon  like  terms  and  conditions,  and  of  like  purport 
as  is  provided  in  Section  4  of  this  chapter  for  notice 
and  orders  of  abatement  and  vacation  issued  by  the 
Board  of  Health  ;  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  person, 
firm  or  corporation  thus  notified  to  comply  with  such 
notices  and  orders.  All  such  notices  and  orders  of  the 
said  Commissioner  or  Chief  Housing  Inspector  shall 
be  subject  to  appeal  as  provided  in  Section  338  of  the 
Code  of  Ordinances. 

*Sec.  745-6.  When  the  notice  or  order  of  vacation 
follows  a  notice  or  order  of  abatement,  as  provided  in 
Sections  4  and  7  of  this  chapter,  such  notice  or  order 
of  vacation  shall  not  be  enforced,  as  provided  in  this 
chapter,  unless  said  notice  or  order  of  abatement  spe¬ 
cifies  a  time  when  the  person  so  notified  or  ordered 
may  appear  before  the  board  or  officer  issuing  same 
to  show  cause  why  such  order  or  notice  of  vacation 
should  not  be  issued,  and  unless  said  Board  (or  a  ma¬ 
jority  thereof)  or  officer  is  present  at  its  or  his  office 
at  the  time  so  specified ;  such  time  to  be  not  less 
than  twenty-four  hours  after  the  service  of  the  notice 
or  order.  When  the  notice  or  order  of  vacation  is 
issued,  as  provided  in  Section  4  of  this  chapter  with¬ 
out  a  previous  notice  or  order  of  abatement,  such 
notice  or  order  of  vacation  shall  not  be  enforced  as 
provided  in  this  chapter  unless  it  specifies  a  time,  not 
less  than  five  days  after  the  service  thereof,  when 
the  person  so  notified  or  ordered  may  appear  before 
the  board  issuing  same  to  show  cause  why  such  notice 
or  order  should  not  be  enforced,  and  said  board  or 
majority  thereof  is  present  at  its  office  at  the  time  so 
specified ;  provided,  that  when,  in  the  opinion  of  at  least 
four-fifths  of  the  members  of  such  board,  an  emer¬ 
gency  exists  which  requires,  for  the  protection  of  the 
health  of  occupants,  the  vacation  of  the  building  or 
portion  thereof  without  a  delay  of  five  days,  then  no 
such  fixing  of  a  time  for  hearing  shall  be  required.. 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  73-13,  passed  Feb¬ 
ruary  4,  1913. 


Supplement 


185 


*Sec.  745-7.  Whenever  such  procedure  is,  in  the 
opinion  of  the  Board  of  Health,  Commissioner  of 
Buildings  or  Chief  Housing  Inspector,  respectively, 
desirable  or  necessary,  said  Board  of  Health,  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Buildings  or  Chief  Housing  Inspector  may 
affix  conspicuously  on  the  buildings  or  part  thereof  the 
notice  or  order  of  vacation. 

*Sec.  745-8.  When  the  notice  or  order  of  vacation 
has  not  been  complied  with,  and  the  Board  of  Health 
or  Commissioner  of  Buildings  or  Chief  Housing  Inspec¬ 
tor  certifies  such  fact,  together  with  a  copy  of  the 
order  or  notice,  to  the  Chief  of  the  Police  Department 
of  the  City,  it  shall  then  be  the  duty  of  said  Chief 
and  the  members  of  the  Police  Department  to  enforce 
such  notice  or  order  of  vacation,  and  to  cause  the 
said  premises  to  be  vacated  in  accordance  with  the 
terms  of  such  notice  or  order. 

*Sec.  745~9.  Whenever  the  Board  of  Health  or  the 
Commissioner  of  Buildings  or  Chief  Housing  Inspec¬ 
tor  shall  certify  to  the  City  Solicitor  any  failure  to 
comply  with  any  such  order  or  notice  of  vacation, 
with  the  request  that  the  City  Solicitor  institute  civil 
proceedings  for  the  enforcement  thereof,  the  City 
Solicitor  is  hereby  authorized  to  and  shall  institute 
any  and  all  proceedings,  either  legal  or  equitable,  that 
may  be  appropriate  or  necessary  for  the  enforcement 
of  such  order  or  notice  and  the  abatement  of  the 
nuisance  against  which  such  order  or  notice  was 
directed;  such  suits  or  proceedings  to  be  brought  in  the 
name  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  and  no  such  suits 
or  proceedings  shall  be  held  to  exclude  any  criminal 
or  penal  proceedings  which  may  be  authorized  by  this 
chapter  or  any  of  the  laws  and  ordinances  in  force  in 
this  city,  or  to  exempt  any  one  violating  this  or  said 
laws  and  ordinances  from  any  penalty  which  may  be 
incurred. 

*Sec.  745-10.  The  making  of  decisions  and  issuance 
of  orders  as  above  provided  for  may  be  delegated  by 
the  Board  of  Health  to  the  Health  Officer  of  the  city 
and  when  so  delegated  the  making  of  any  such  deci¬ 
sion  or  the  issuance  of  any  such  order  by  the  said 
Health  Officer  shall  have  the  same  effect  as  above 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  73-13,  passed 
February  4,  1913. 


186 


Supplement 


provided  for  the  opinion,  decision  or  order  of  the  Board 
of  Health. 

*Sec.  745-11.  Any  person  or  persons,  firms  or  cor¬ 
poration  violating  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  chap¬ 
ter,  or  failing  to  conform  to  any  of  the  provisions 
thereof,  except  an  agent  without  authority,  in  the 
premises  so  to  do,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  mis¬ 
demeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  be  lined 
not  less  than  live  ($5.00)  dollars  nor  more  than  fifty 
($50.00)  dollars. 

*Sec.  745-12.  The  procedures,  methods  of  enforce¬ 
ment  and  penalties  herein  provided  shall  be  held  to  be 
in  addition  to  and  in  no  wise  taking  the  place  of  or 
modifying  or  repealing  the  procedures,  methods  of  en¬ 
forcement  and  penalties  provided  in  the  statutes  of 
Ohio,  and  the  laws  and  ordinances  of  the  City  of 
Cincinnati  relating  to  buildings  and  the  Board  of 
Health. 

Section  773.  Advertisers,  etc.— Bill-posters,  adver¬ 
tising-sign  painters,  advertising-sign  proprietors,  and 
street  car  advertisers  shall  pay  a  license  of  twenty-five 
($25.00)  dollars  per  annum. 

Section  776.  Ball-Rooms — Keepers  of  public  ball¬ 
rooms  shall  pay  a  licen'se  fee  as  follows:  If  the  danc¬ 
ing  floor  contains  more  than  three  thousand  square 
feet,  the  license  fee  shall  be  three  hundred  ($300.00) 
dollars  for  one  year,  two  hundred  ($200.00)  dollars 
for  six  months,  and  one  hundred  ($100.00)  dollars  for 
three  months,  and  fort}’  ($40.00)  dollars  for  one 
month,  and  ten  ($10.00)  dollars  for  one  day.  If  the 
dancing  floor  contains  three  thousand  square  feet  or 
less,  the  license  fee  shall  be  one  hundred  and  fiftv 
($150.00)  dollars  for  one  year  ;  one  hundred  ($100.00) 
dollars  for  six  months,  sixty  ($60.00)  dollars  for  three 
months,  and  twenty-five  ($25.00)  dollars  for  one  month, 
and  ten  ($10.00)  dollars  for  one  day;  provided,  how¬ 
ever,  that  no  license  shall  be  issued  without  the  consent 
of  the  Mayor,  and  further,  that  the  Mayor  shall  not 
consent  to  the  issuance  of  any  such  license  unless  the 
applicant  therefor  show  to  the  satisfaction  of  said 
Mayor  that  he  or  she  is  of  good  moral  character,  and 
unless  the  application  for  such  consent  of  the  Mayor 
is  accompanied  by  a  certificate  from  the  Commissioner 

*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  73-13,  passed 
February  4,  1913. 


Supplement 


*  187 


of  Buildings  that  the  building  in  which  it  is  proposed 
to  maintain  such  public  ball-room  has  been  constructed 
and  is  maintained  and  carried  on  in  strict  accordance 
with  all  the  provisions  of  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Ohio, 
or  ordinances  or  regulations  of  the  City  of  Cincin¬ 
nati,  governing  the  erection,  maintenance  and  conduct 
of  buildings  which  are  used  for  such  purposes.  And 
provided  further,  that  if  the  building  in  which  it  is 
proposed  to  establish  such  public  ball-room  is  within 
three  hundred  (3C0)  feet  of  any  church,  school  or 
public  library,  and  the  Mayor  shall,  upon  investigation, 
find  that  the  establishing  of  such  public  ball  room  at 
such  a  place  would  be  injurious  or  hurtful  to  the  morals 
of  the  children  or  the  people  attending  such  church, 
school  or  library,  then  in  that  event  the  Mayor  may 
refuse  his  consent  to  the  issuance  of  such  license.  And, 
provided  further,  that  if  it  is  proposed  to  locate  such 
public  ball  room  in  a  residential  district  of  the  city,  and 
a  majority  of  the  owners,  or  occupants  of  structures 
or  property  located  within  three  hundred  ( 300)  feet 
of  the  building  in  which  it  is  proposed  to  establish  and 
maintain  such  public  ball  room  protest  in  writing  against 
the  issuance  of  such  license  previous  to  the  time  when 
such  consent  of  the  Mayor  is  given,  then  in  that  event 
the  Mayor,  if  he  finds,  upon  investigation,  that  it  would 
be  for  the  best  interests  of  such  neighborhood,  shall 
refuse  his  consent  to  the  issuance  of  such  license.  Pro¬ 
vided  further,  that  the  Mayor,  or  other  officers  of  the 
city  designated  by  him,  shall  at  all  times  have  access 
to  such  public  bail  room,  and  that  if  at  any  time  in  tJie 
opinion  of  the  Mayor  the  maintenance  of  such  public 
ball  room  is  injurious  to  the  public  welfare  or  morals, 
then  the  Mayor  shall  have  the  power  to  revoke  such 
license  without  refunder. 

ISec.  776-1.  The  Mayor  may,  at  his  discretion,  grant 
without  cost  to  the  proprietor  or  lessee  of  any  ball 
room,  a  permit  to  use  such  room  for  any  ball  that  may 
be  given  therein  by  and  for  the  benefit  of  any  church, 
or  any  purely  benevolent,  charitable,  educational  or  re¬ 
ligious  society  or  organization,  or  by  and  for  the  bene¬ 
fit  of  any  society  and  organization  genuinely  and 
regularly  conducted  for  a  purpose  other  than  the  giv¬ 
ing  of  balls  or  dances;  provided  that  application  for  any 


fAs  amended  by  Ordinance 
gust  5,  1913, 


No.  423—13,  passed  An- 


.  188 


Supplement 


such  permit  be  applied  for  at  least  fourteen  days  prior 
to  the  date  of  the  proposed  ball ;  and  any  such  ball  shall 
be  deemed  to  be  a  private  ball. 

^Section  798. — Theaters.  — Every  proprietor  or  lessee 
of  any  theater,  moving-picture  show,  concert  hall  or 
other  place  of  amusement,  entertainment  or  exhibition, 
shall  pay  a  license  according  to  its  seating  capacity — one 
seat  is  20  inches — as  follows  : 

Sec.  798-1.  Those  seating  l£ss  than  300  persons  shall 

.  pay  a  license,  if  issued  for  one  year,  of  one  hundred 

($100.00)  dollars ;  if  issued  for  six  months,  of  sixty 
($60.00)  dollars;  if  issued  for  three  months,  of  thirty- 
five  ($35.00)  dollars;  if  issued  for  one  day  or  any 
number  of  days  less  than  three  months,  of  five  ($5.00) 
dollars  per  day. 

Sec.  798-2.  Those  seating  300  persons  or  more  shall 

pay  a  license,  if  issued  for  one  year,  of  one  hundred 

($100.00)  dollars  for  the  first  300  seats,  and  thirty 
($30.00)  dollars  for  each  additional  100  seats  or  frac¬ 
tion  thereof ;  if  issued  for  six  months,  of  sixty  ($60.00) 
dollars  for  the  first  300  seats,  and  seventeen  dollars  and 
fifty  cents  ($17.50)  for  each  additional  100  seats  or 
fraction  thereof;  if  issued  for  three  months,  of  thirty- 
five  ($35.00)  dollars  for  the  first  300  seats,  and  ten 
($10.00)  dollars  for  each  additional  100  seats  or  frac¬ 
tion  thereof ;  if  issued  for  one  day,  or  any  number  of 
days  less  than  three  months,  of  five  ($5.00)  dollars 
per  day  for  the  first  300  seats,  and  one  dollar  and  fifty 
cents  ($1.50)  per  day  for  each  additional  100  seats  or 
fraction  thereof ;  but  in  no  event  shall  a  license  be  is¬ 
sued  under  the  provisions  hereof  exceed  $300.00  in  any 
one  year. 

Sec.  798-3.  All  licenses  shall  be  issued  for  one  3~ear, 
if  so  requested  by  the  applicant,  and  no  license  shall 
be  issued  without  the  consent  of  the  Mayor,  which 
shall  be  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  Section 
799. 

Sec.  798-4.  The  Mayor  may,  in  his  discretion,  grant 
without  cost  to  any  proprietor  or  lessee  of  any  theater, 
moving-picture  house,  concert  hall  or  other  place  of 
amusement,  entertainment  or  exhibition,  a  permit  to 
use  such  place  for  not  more  than  six  consecutive  days 
for  an  entertainment  or  exhibition  that  may  be  given 
for  the  benefit  of  a  church,  or  for  any  benevolent,  char¬ 
itable,  educational,  religious  or  purely  public  purposes. 

*As  supplemented  by  Ordinance  No.  423-13,  passed 
August  5,  1913. 


Supplement 


ISO 


Sec.  798-5.  Places  of  amusement  or  of  an  educa¬ 
tional  character,  owned  and  controlled  by  the  City  of 
Cincinnati,  and  not  befng  operated  for  profit,  shall  not 
v-  be  required  to  pay  a  license. 

Section.  799.  The  Mayor  shall  not  give  his  consent 
to  the  issuance  of  any  license  to  any  proprietor  or 
lessee  of  any  theater,  concert  hall,  or  any  place  of 
amusement,  entertainment  or  exhibition  as  required  in 
Section  798  herein,  unless  the  person  to  whom  such 
license  is  granted  show  to  the  satisfaction  of  said 
Mayor  that  he  or  she  is  of  good  moral  character,  and 
unless  the  application  for  such  consent  of  the  Mayor 
is  accompanied  by  a  certificate  from  the  Commissioner 
of  Buildings  that  the  building  in  which  it  is  proposed 
to  maintain  such  theater,  concert  hall  or  place  of  amuse¬ 
ment,  entertainment  or  exhibition  has  been  constructed, 
is  maintained  and  carried  on  in  strict  accordance  with 
all  the  provisions  of  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Ohio,  or 
ordinances  or  regulations  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati, 
governing  the  erection,  maintenance  and  conduct  of 
buildings  which  are  used  for  such  purposes. 

If  the  building  in  which  it  is  proposed  to  maintain 
such  theater,  concert  hall,  place  of  amusement,  enter¬ 
tainment  or  exhibition  is  within  300  feet  of  any  church, 
school  or  public  library,  and  the  Mayor  shall,  upon  in¬ 
vestigation,  find  the  establishing  of  such  theater,  concert 
hall,  place  of  amusement,  entertainment  or  exhibition 
at  such  a  place  would  be  injurious  or  hurtful  to  the 
morals  of  the  children  or  the  people  attending,  the 
Mayor  may  refuse  his  consent  to  the  issuance  of  such 
license. 

If  it  is  proposed  to  locate  such  theater,  concert  hall, 
place  of  amusement,  entertainment  or  exhibition  in  a 
residential  district  of  the  city,  and  a  majority  of  the 
owners  or  occupants  of  structures  or  property  located 
within  300  feet  of  such  proposed  building  protest  in 
writing  against  the  issuance  of  such  license  previous 
to  the  time  at  which  such  consent  of  the  Mayor  is 
given,  then  and  in  that  event  the  Mayor,  if  he  finds 
upon  investigation  that  it  would  lie  for  the  best  in¬ 
terests  of  such  neighborhood,  shall  refuse  his  consent 
to  the  issuance  of  such  license. 

When  the  Mayor  gives  his  consent  to  the  issuance 
of  such  license,  and  said  license  is  issued  in  pursuance 
thereof,  it  shall  be  upon  the  express  condition  that  the 
Mayor  or  other  officers  of  the  city  designated  by  him, 


190 


Supplement 


shall  at  all  times  have  access  to  such  theater,  concert 
hall,  place  of  amusement,  entertainment  or  exhibition, 
and  that  if  at  any  time,  in  the  opinion  of  said  Mayor, 
the  performance,  entertainment  or  exhibition  given  in 
such  place  is  immoral,  indecent  or  injurious  to  the 
public  welfare  or  morals,  then  the  Mayor  shall  have 
power  to  revoke  said  license  without  refunder. 


t Section  834.  Advertising— Noise.—  That  the  mak¬ 
ing  of  noises,  whether  by  the  use  of  any  musical  instru¬ 
ment  or  any  other  device,  or  by  loud  crying,  for  the  pur¬ 
pose  of  advertising  any  business  or  occupation  or  the 
sale  of  any  commodity  in  or  upon  any  building,  or  in, 
upon  and  about  the  public  streets,  parks  and  places  in 
the  City  of  Cincinnati,  except  hucksters  vending  their 
wares  from  wagons  during  the  daylight  hours  and  news- 
hoys  under  fifteen  years  of  age  crying  the  daily  news¬ 
papers,  is  hereby  prohibited.  Any  person  violating  any 
of  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be  fined  not  less 
than  ten  ($10.00)  dollars,  nor  more  than  twenty  ($20.00) 
dollars,  and  pay  the  cost  of  the  prosecution. 

*Sec.  834-1.  Advertising — Posters  in  Municipal 
Buildings — It  shall  be  unlawful  to  attach  to  or  place 
on  any  window,  door,  elevator  cab  or  wall  of  the  City 
Hall  or  other  municipal  building,  any  poster,  litho¬ 
graph  or  advertising  matter,  whether  political  or  other¬ 
wise,  so  that  the  same  is  visible  from  the  street  or 
from  the  halls  and  corridors  of  the  building.  Any 
person  violating  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  section 
shall  be  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and,  upon  convic¬ 
tion  thereof,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  ten  ($10.00) 
dollars  for  every  such  violation. 


Section  869.  Buildings,  Alterations,  etc. — It  shall 
be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons  engaged 
in  the  construction,  alteration,  repair,  removal  or 
demolition  of  any  building  or  other  structure 
whatsoever,  in  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  to  throw,  cast 
or  drop,  or  cause  or  permit  to  be  thrown,  cast  or 
dropped  from  any  elevation  whatsoever  of  such  build- 


tAs  amended  by  Ordinance  Xo.  444-13,  passed  Au¬ 
gust,  5,  1913. 

*As  supplemented  by  Ordinance  No.  38-13,  passed 
January  21,  1913. 


Supplement 


191 


in g  or  other  structure,  into  or  upon  any  of  the  streets, 
alleys,  or  other  public  ways  or  places  of  said  city,  any 
timber,  iron,  stone,  brick,  plaster,  shingles,  rooting, 
shavings,  chips  or  other  building  material,  rubbish  oc 
debris  of  such  structure.  Provided,  however,  that  it 
shall  be  lawful  for  any  person  engaged  as  aforesaid  to 
lower  and  remove  from  such  structure  any  timber,  ma¬ 
terial,  rubbish,  debris  or  other  s  bstances  aforesaid,  by 
the  careful  use  of  machinery,  buckets,  baskets,  slides, 
troughs  or  such  other  appliances  as  may,  by  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Buildings,  be  deemed  to  be  the  best  adapted 
to  insure  against  injury  and  annoyance  to  the  public 
in  the  use  and  enjoyment  of  such  street,  alley  or  other 
public  way  or  place.  Any  person  guilty  of  a  violation 
of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall,  upon 
conviction  thereof  in  the  Police  Court  of  Cincinnati, 
be  fined  in  any  sum  not  less  than  twenty-five  ($25.00) 
dollars  nor  exceeding  one  hundred  ($100.00)  dollars 
for  each  offense,  or  be  imprisoned  not  exceeding  thirty 
(30).  days,  or  both,  at  the  discretion  of  the  court,  with 
costs  of  prosecution. 

Section  870.  Buildings— Removal  Of. —  That  it  be 
and  it  is  hereby  made  unlawful  for  any  person 
6r  persons,  firm  or  corporation  to  haul,  move, 
convey  or  otherwise  transport  frame  houses,  build¬ 
ings,  or  other  structures  of  like  nature,  through, 
upon  or  across  the  streets,  avenues,  alleys,  lanes 
or  public  grounds  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  with¬ 
out  first  having  obtained  a  permit  therefor  from  the 
Director  of  Public  Service,  which  said  permit  shall  be 
approved  by' the  Commissioner  of  Buildings.  Any  per¬ 
son  or  persons,  firm  or  corporation,  violating  any  of  the 
provisions  of  this  section  shall,  on  conviction  thereof 
in  Police  Court  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  be  fined  in  any 
sum  not  more  than  one  hundred  ($100.00)  dollars'  nor 
less  than  five  ($5.00)  dollars. 


Sec.  880-1.  Elevators,  Regulating,  Operating,  etc. — 
It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  who  is  in  charge  o! 
or  operating  a  passenger  elevator  within  the  City  ol 
Cincinnati  to  start  the  said  elevator  in  motion  until 
the  gates  or  doors  of  the  said  elevator  shall  have  been 
closed  and  latched. 

Sec.  880-2.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  such  person 
to  unlatch  or  start  to  open  the  gates  or  doors  of  such 


192 


Supplement 


elevator  until  the  elevator  shall  have  been  brought 
to  a  dead  stop  on  a  level  with  the  floor. 

Sec.  880-3.  Any  person  violating  the  provisions  of 
any  of  the  two  preceding  sections  shall  be  guilty  of 
a  misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  shall  be  fined  not 
less  than  five  ($5.00)  dollars  nor  more  than  one  hun¬ 
dred  ($100.00)  dollars. 


Section  884.  Fire  in  Chimneys,  etc. —  That  if  any 
chimney'  within  the  city'  shall  take  fire  by  neglect  of 
being  properly  cleansed  or  swept,  the  owner  or  occu¬ 
pant  of  the  house  to  which  such  chimney  appertains 
shall  be  fined  in  the  sum  of  five  ($5.00)  dollars,  and 
no  person  or  persons  shall  set  or  put  fire  in  their 
chimneys,  for  the  purpose  of  cleansing  the  same,  ex¬ 
cept  in  the  day  time,  nor  then,  unless  it  is  raining 
or  there  may'  be  snow  on  the  roofs  of  the  houses,  under 
the  penalty'  of  a  fine  of  five  ($5.00)  dollars  for  every 
such  offense,  on  conviction  thereof  in  Police  Court. 

Sec.  890-1.  Fire  Plugs,  Obstruction  Of. —  That  it 
shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons  to  place  any 
building  material  or  any  other  obstruction  whatever 
within  eighteen  (18)  feet  of  the  center  cap  of  any 
public  cistern,  or  public  hydrant  or  fire  plug;  and  any 
person  or  persons  so  offending  against  the  provisions 
of  this  section  shall,  on  conviction  thereof  in  Police 
Court,  be  fined  in  any  sum  not  less  than  ten  ($10.00) 
dollars  nor  exceeding  fi f tyr  ($50.00)  dollars,  together 
with  the  cost  of  prosecution. 


Section  896.  Gasoline. —  That  it  shall  be  unlawful 
for  any'  person  or  persons  to  have  stored  in  their  house, 
gasoline  known  as  87  gravity'  deodorized  gasoline,  or 
any'  gasoline  that  is  of  a  higher  gravity  than  74  deo¬ 
dorized  gasoline;  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  anv 
person  or  persons  to  have  gasoline  known  as  87  gravity 
gasoline  in  their  possession,  that  is  not  kept  in  some 
kind  of  a  vessel  that  will  keep  the  gasoline  from  escap¬ 
ing. 

Section  897.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or 
persons  to  have  in  their  possession,  gasoline  known 
as  87  gravity  deodorized  gasoline,  as  it  is  dangerous 
to  life  and  property-,  unless  the'  vessel  holding  the 
gasoline  of  87  gravity  shall  be  placed  under  ground 


Supplement 


193 


not  less  than  twenty-five  feet  from  any  building;  and 
the  gasoline  of  87  gravity  must  be  inclosed  in  some 
kind  of  an  inclosure,  such  as  a  vault,  shed  or  smalt 
house,  built  in  such  manner  as  to  protect  the  gasoline 
from  fire. 

Section  898.  Any  person  or  persons  found  guilty  of 
violating  any  of  the  two  preceding  sections  shall,  upon 
conviction  in  the  Police  Court,  be  fined  not  less  than 
twenty- five  ($25.00)  dollars  nor  more  than  seventy- 
five  ($75.00)  dollars. 


*Sec.  913-1.  Mufflers — Stationary  Gas  Engines. — 
It  is  hereby  declared  unlawful  to  operate  a  stationary 
gas  engine  within  the  limits  of  the  city  of  Cincinnati 
without  installing  and  keeping  in  place  thereon  muf¬ 
flers  of  recognized  design  and  used  for  reduction  of 
noise. 

Any  person,  firm  or  corporation  violating  any  pro¬ 
visions  of  this  section  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a 
misdemeanor,  and,  upon  conviction  thereof,  fined  in  a 
sum  not  exceeding  twenty-five  ($25.00)  dollars  for 
each  and  every  such  offense. 


Section  940.  Stables — Lights  In.—  That  no  owner 
or  owners  or  occupants  of  any  livery  or  other  stable 
within  the  limits  of  the  corporation,  nor  any  person 
or  persons  in  their  employ,  shall  be  allowed  to  use 
therein  any  lighted  candle  or  other  light  except  an 
electric  light,  unless  the  same  be  secured  within  a 
tin,  horn  or  glass  lantern,  under  the  penalty  of  ten 
($10.00)  dollars,  on  conviction  thereof  before  the 
Police  Court. 

Section  941.  Stone,  etc.,  In  Streets,  etc. —  That  it 
shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons  to  dig  up 
or  in  any  manner  destroy  or  injure  any  road,  street, 
public  water-course,  or  creek  within  the  city  limits, 
or  to  take  or  carry  away  from  any  such  road,  street, 
public  water-course  or  creek  within  such  city  limits 
any  stone,  rock,  dirt  or  other  material  therein,  or  to 
sell  therefrom  any  such  stone,  rock,  earth  or  other 
material,  such  person  or  persons  not  being  the  owner 

*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  20—13,  passed  Janu¬ 
ary  14,  1913. 


194 


Supplement 


thereof;  and  any  person  guilty  of  violating  the  provi 
sions  of  this  section  shall,  upon  conviction  in  the  Police 
Court  of  the  city,  be  fined  in  any  sum  not  exceeding- 
fifty  ($50.00)  dollars,  or  imprisoned  in  the  City  Work- 
house  not  exceeding  thirty  '(30)  days,  or  both  fined 
and  imprisoned,  for  each  and  every  such  offense. 

Section  942.  Storm-Doors,  Vestibules,  etc. —  That 
it  shall  be  unlawful  to  erect  or  maintain  in  front  of 
any  store,  factory,  residence  or  any  other  building 
within  the  limits  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  any  storm- 
door  vestibule  which  shall  extend  more  than  thirty-six 
(36)  inches  beyond  the  houseline  and  upon  the  side¬ 
walk. 

Section  943.  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  exhibit,  within 
any  such  storm-door  vestibule,  any  merchandise, 
samples  or  signs  to  indicate  the  character  of  the  busi¬ 
ness  conducted  within  any  such  store,  factory,  residence 
or  other  building,  or  to  use  any  such  storm-door  ves  - 
tibule  for  any  other  purpose  than  protection  from  the 
weather. 

Section  944.  Any  person  who  shall  violate  any  of 
the  provisions  of  the  two  preceding  sections  shall  be 
fined  not  more  than  twenty-five  ($25.00)  dollars  nor 
less  than  five  ($5.00)  dollars,  or  imprisoned  not  more 
than  ten  (10)  days,  or  both,  at  the  discretion  of  the 
court. 

Section  945.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Buildings  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati  to  cause 
the  enforcement  of  the  three  preceding  sections.  It 
shall  be  a  duty  of  the  Chief  of  Police,  with  the  assist¬ 
ance  of  the  force  at  his  command,  to  co-operate  with 
the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  iif  said  enforcement. 

Section  946.  Streets — Littering,  etc.— That  it  shall 
be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons  to  throw,  or 
sweep,  into  the  streets,  avenues,  alleys,  parks  or  public 
grounds  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  any  dirt,  paper, 
nails,  pieces  of  glass  or  board,  fruit  parings  or  skins, 
refuse,  or  rubbish  of  any  kind,  or  to  throw,  or  place, 
such  matter  upon  any  sidewalk  or  street  crossing,  or 
on  any  driveway,  or  upon  the  floor,  stairway  or  hall¬ 
way  of  any  public  building,  theater,  railway  depot  or 
railway  platform  in  said  city. 

Section  947.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  per¬ 
son  or  persons  who  have  charge  of,  or  driver  or  occu- 


Supplement 


195 


pant  of  any  wagon,  cart,  automobile  or  other  vehicle 
used  in  hauling  dirt,  sand  or  other  substances  of  any 
kind,  to  allow  the  same  or  any  portion  thereof  to  fall 
or  drop  upon  the  streets,  avenues,  alleys,  parks  or  pub¬ 
lic  grounds  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati. 

Section  948.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  per¬ 
son  to  expectorate  or  spit  upon  the  sidewalks  or  cross¬ 
ings  of  any  of  the  streets  or  alleys  of  the  City  of 
Cincinnati,  or  upon  the  floor  of  any  street  car,  theater, 
railway  depot  or  platform  or  upon  the  floor  of  any 
school  house  or  church  or  public  building  of  any  kind 
within  said  city* 

Section  949.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  per¬ 
son  to  hang  or  tack  upon  or  attach  to  any  pole  or  other 
structure  upon  the  streets,  avenues,  alleys,  parks  or 
public  grounds  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati  any  hand 
bills,  cards,  circulars  or  other  printed  material. 

Section  950.  Any  person  violating  any  of  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  the  four  preceding  sections  shall  be  guilty 
of  a  misdemeanor,  and  shall  be  arrested,  taken  to  the 
nearest  police  station  and  there  registered ;  he  shall  be 
released  on  his  own  recognizance,  and  ordered  to  ap¬ 
pear  in  the  Police  Court  the  following  morning.  On 
conviction  in  the  Police  Court  he  shall  be  fined  in  the 
srm  of  one  ($1.00)  dollar  for  the  first  offense,  five 
($5.00)  dollars  for  the  second,  and  ten  ($10.00)  dol¬ 
lars  for  each  succeeding  offense. 

Section  951.  Streets— Posting  Cards,  etc.— It  shall 
be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons  to  post  up  or 
affix,  or  cause  to  be  posted  up  or  affixed,  in  any  man¬ 
ner,  any  bill,  placard  or  notice,  either  written  or  printed, 
upon  fences,  tree-boxes,  walls,  or  upon  any  part  of  any 
building  in  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  without  the  previous 
consent  of  the  occupants  thereof,  or  if  there  be  no  oc¬ 
cupants,  without  the  previous  consent  of  the  owners 
thereof,  nor  upon  any  part  of  any  building  or  property 
belonging  to  the  City  of  Cincinnati..  Any  persons  vio¬ 
lating  any  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall,  upon  con¬ 
viction  thereof  before  the  Police  Court,  for  each  and 
every  offense,  be  fined  in  any  sum  not  more  than  twenty- 
five  ($25.00)  dollars. 

Section  952.  Streets,  etc. — Obstructions. —  No  per¬ 
son  shall  obstruct  any  street,  alley,  lane,  sidewalk  or 
other  public  highway  in  the  City  of  Cincinnati  by  erect¬ 
ing  thereon  any  fence  or  building,  or  permitting  any 
fence  or  building  to  remain  upon  such  highway.  Any 


196 


Supplement 


person  violating  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall 
be  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  shall 
for  the  first  offense  be  fined  not  more  than  twenty- 
five  ($25.00)  dollars,  and  for  the  second  and  any  sub¬ 
sequent  offense  may,  in  addition  to  such  a  fine,  be 
imprisoned  for  a  period  of  not  more  than  six  months ; 
and  each  day  that  any  fence  or  building  is  permitted 
to  remain  upon  any  such  public  highway  shall  be 
deemed  a  separate  offense. 


Section  958.  Trees — Protection  Of.— That  it  shall 
be  unlawful  for  any  person,  firm  or  corporation,  or  the 
employe  or  agent  of  any  such  firm  or  corporation,  to 
bruise,  bend,  burn,  break,  cut,  saw  or  in  any  wise 
mutilate  or  otherwise  injure  or  damage  any  tree  or 
shrubbery,  shade,  ornamental  or  otherwise,  or  the 
roots  or  branches  thereof,  planted  in  or  along  any 
sidewalk,  or  along  any  street,  avenue,  alley  or  public 
highway  or  place,  in  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  without 
first  obtaining  the  consent,  in  writing,  of  the  owner 
of  the  premises  abutting  upon  such  sidewalk,  street, 
avenue,  alley  or  public  highway  or  place. 

Section  959.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  per¬ 
son,  firm  or  corporation,  or  the  employe  or  agent  there¬ 
of,  to  hitch  any  horse,  or  any  other  animal,  to  any 
such  tree  or  shrubbery,  or  any  box  or  screen,  set  for 
the  protection  of  any  such  tree  or  shrubbery,  so  planted 
in  or  along  any  sidewalk,  or  along  any  street,  avenue, 
alley,  or  other  public  highway  or  place  in  the  City  of 
Cincinnati. 

Section  960.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  per¬ 
son,  firm  or  corporation,  or  the  employe  or  agent  there¬ 
of,  whether  the  owner  of,  or  a  person  in  charge  of,  to 
hitch  any  horse  or  other  animal,  or  to  allow  the  same 
to  be  hitched  to  or  to  allow  the  same  to  stand  near 
enough  to  any.  such  tree  or  shrubbery,  or  any  such  box 
or  screen  set  for  the  protection  of  any  such  tree  or 
shrubbery,  so  planted  in  or  along  any  sidewalk,  street, 
avenue,  alley  or  other  public  highway  or  place  in  the 
City  of  Cincinnati,  ro  as  to  permit  such  horse  or  other 
animal  to  reach  or  get  at  any  such  tree  or  shrubbery, 
or  any  such  tree-box  or  screen,  or  for  any  such  per¬ 
son  to  permit  any  horse  or  other  animal,  in  any  wise  to 
injure  any  such  tree  or  shrubbery,  or  any  such  tree-box 
or  screen. 


Supplement 


197 


Section  961.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  per¬ 
son,  firm  or  corporation,  or  the  employe  or  agent  there¬ 
of,  to  stretch,  place  or  lay  any  wires,  or  to  construct 
or  lay  any  pipes  or  conduits,  or  make  any  excavation 
along  any  sidewalk,  street,  avenue,  alley  or  other  pub¬ 
lic  highway  or  place  in  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  to  dig 
any  hole,  or  to  set  any  pole  or  post  of  any  kind,  so  as 
to  deface,  injure,  mutilate,  or  otherwise  interfere  with 
or  retard  the  growth  of  any  tree  or  shrubbery,  shade, 
ornamental  or  otherwise,  so  planted  in  or  along  any 
such  sidewalk,  or  along  any  street,  avenue,  alley,  pub¬ 
lic  highway,  or  other  public  place,  or  in  any  way  cut, 
burn  or  injure  the  roots  or  branches  thereof,  or  per¬ 
mit  the  same  to  be  done. 

Section  962.  Nothing  herein  contained  shall  apply 
to  the  City  of  Cincinnati  with  reference  to  improve¬ 
ments  contemplated  by  said  city,  or  to  any  person, 
company  or  corporation  engaged  in  the  construction 
or  maintenance  of  an  improvement  by  virtue  of  a  con¬ 
tract  entered  into  with  said  city. 

Section  963.  That  any  person  found  guilty  of  vio- 
latihg  any  of  the  provisions  of  the  five  preceding  sec¬ 
tions  shall  be  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  shall  be 
fined  in  a  sum  not  exceeding  fifty  ($50.00)  dollars,  and 
,  the  costs  of  prosecution. 


Section  967.  Watchman,  Private.— That  it  shall  be 
unlawful  for  any  person  to  employ  any  person  to  act 
or  serve  as  a  private  watchman  or  detective  within 
the  limits  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  unless  said  per¬ 
son  so  employed  shall  have  resided  within  said  city 
for  at  least  one  year  prior  to  such  employment.  Any 
person  acting  in  the  capacity  of  private  watchman  or 
detective,  who  has  not  been  one  year  a  resident  of  this 
city,  shall  be  fined  not  less  than  ten  ($10.00)  dollars, 
nor  more  than  twenty-five  ($25.00)  dollars,  at  the  dis¬ 
cretion  of  the  court. 

*Section  968.  That  the  owner  or  owners,  occupant  or 
occupants,  or  any  person,  firm  or  corporation  having 
the  care  of  any  vacant  lot  or  land  bordering  on  any 
street,  square  or  public  place  within  the  city  limits 
shall  cut  down  and  remove,  or  cause  to  be  cut  down 

v  *As  amended  by  Ordinance  No.  334-12,  passed  June 

18,  1912. 


« 


198 


Supplement 


and  removed  from  such  lot  all  offensive,  unwholesome 
and  noxious  weeds,  vines  and  grass ;  and  such  cutting 
down  and  removal  shall  be  done  at  least  twice  annually, 
once  on  or  about  June  30th  of  each  year,  and  the  sec¬ 
ond  time  on  or  about  September  1st  of  each  year. 

*Section  969.  If  the  provisions  of  the  foregoing 
section  are  not  complied  with  on  or  before  the  7tn 
day  of  July,  and  on  or  before  the  7th  day  of  Septem¬ 
ber  of  each  year,  the  Chief  of  Police  shall  forthwith 
serve  written  notice  upon  the  owner  or  owners,  occu¬ 
pant  or  occupants,  or  any  firm  or  corporation  having 
the  care  of  any  such  lot  set  forth  in  the  foregoing  sec¬ 
tion  to  remove  or  cause  to  be  removed  therefrom,  all 
such  offensive,  unwholesome  and  noxious  weeds,  vines 
and  grass. 

Section  970.  Any  such  owner  or  owners,  occupant 
or  occupants,  or  any  person,  firm  or  corporation  having 
the  care  of  any  such  lot,  who  fails  to  comply  with  said 
notice  set  forth  in  the  preceding  section  within  ten 
(10)  days  from  the  receipt  thereof,  shall  be  guilty  of 
a  misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  be 
fined  in  the  sum  of  not  less  than  five  ($5.00)  dollars  nor 
more  than  twenty-five  ($25.00)  dollars. 


Section  972.  Wires,  etc. — That  whoever,  by  him¬ 
self  or  by  his  servant  or  agent,  or  as  the  servant  or 
agent  of  any  corporation,  partnership,  or  person,  with¬ 
out  authority,  lays,  strings  or  maintains  wires,  subways, 
conduits  or  other  appliances  for  electric  light,  power, 
telephone  or  telegraph,  or  electric  wires  for  any  other 
purposes  in,  across  or  along  the  public  streets,  lanes, 
squares,  alleys  or  other  highways  of  the  city,  either 
above  or  under  the  surface  of  the  ground,  shall  be 
deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  shall  be  fined  in 
any  sum  not  exceeding  fifty  ($50.00)  dollars  nor  less 
than  ten  ($10.00)  dollars,  and  each  day  such  wires  or 
appliances  are  allowed  to  remain  in  along  or  across 
such  streets,  lanes,  squares,  alleys  or  other  highways 
shall  be  deemed  and  considered  a  separate  and  distinct 
offense,  and  punishable  accordingly. 


*As  amended  by  Ordinance  Xo.  33  4-12,  passed  June 
18,  1912. 


Supplement 


199 


Nuisances. 

Section  973.  That  no  person  shall  remove  or  carry 
in  or  through  any  of  the  streets,  squares,  courts,  lanes, 
avenues,  places  or  alleys  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  any 
house  dirt  or  house  offal,. animal  or  vegetable,  or  any 
refuse  substance,  from  any  of  the  dwelling  houses,  or 
other  places  of  the  city,  or  the  carcass  of  any  dead  ani¬ 
mal,  unless  such  person  so  removing  or  carrying  the 
same  shall  have  procured  a  permit  so  to  do  from  the 
Health  Officer,  prescribing  the  terms  and  conditions 
as  may  be  deemed  essential  to  the  health  and  interests 
of  the  city.  Provided,  hower,  the  provisions  hereof 
shall  not  apply  to  any  contractor  with  the  city  in  rela¬ 
tion  to  garbage,  etc. 

Section  974.  That  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner 
or  owners  of  any  dead  animal,  within  six  hours  after 
the  death  of  such  animal,  to  notify  the  Health  Officer 
of  such  death,  for  the  purpose  of  securing  the  removal 
of  the  carcass  of  such  animal. 

Section  975.  Any  person  violating  the  provisions 
of  the  two  preceding  sections,  or  any  part  thereof, 
shall,  upon  conviction  before  the  Police  Court,  be  fined 
in  any  sum  not  exceeding  fifty  ($50.00)  dollars  nor  less 
than  five  '($5.00)  dollars,  together  with  costs  of  prose¬ 
cution. 

Section  97G.  It  shall  not  be  lawful  for  any  person 
to  remove  the  contents  of  any  privy  vault,  during  the 
warm  season,  from  the  first  of  May  to  the  first  of 
October  in  each  year,  without  having  first  obtained  a 
permit  from  the  Health  Officer,  which  permit  shall  ex¬ 
press  upon  its  face  the  hours  between  which  said  re¬ 
moval  may  be  lawful,  said  permit  to  be  granted  for  the 
full  season  from  the  first  day  of  May  to  the  first  day  of 
October,  and  the  person  obtaining  the  same  to  pay  the 
sum  of  fifteen  ($15.00)  dollars  therefor.  Such  removal 
shall  be  made  in  the  night  season,  between  the  hours  of  - 
10  and  5  o’clock,  and  as  the  Health  Officer  may  direct; 
and  such  removal  shall  be  made  in  closed  carts  or  ves¬ 
sels,  and  the  person  making  such  removal  shall  not 
spill,  or  deposit,  any  part  of  such  contents  in  any  street, 
alley,  or  other  public  place,  common  or  thoroughfare. 

Section  977.  That  the  boats  built  and  used,  or  used 
to  receive  the  contents  of  night  carts,  dead  animals, 
or  offal  of  any  description,  and  discharging  the  same 
in  the  river,  shall  not  be  moored  in  front  of  any  land- 


200 


Supplement 


in g,  public  or  private,  within  the  corporate  limits  of 
the  city,  except  at  the  foot  of  Wood  Street;  and  any 
person  or  persons  mooring  any  boat  described  as 
aforesaid,  or  landing  for  the  purpose  of  receiving  any 
contents  of  privy  carts,  dead  anmials,  or  offal  of  any 
description,  within  the  limits  aforesaid,  except  as 
herein  provided,  shall  be  fined  in  any  sum  not  exceed¬ 
ing  fifty  ($50.00)  dollars,  with  costs  of  prosecution,  or 
be  imprisoned  not  exceeding  thirty. (30)  days,  or  both, 
at  the  discretion  of  the  Police  Court. 

Section  978.  Said  boats  to  be  used  to  receive  the 
contents  described  in  the  preceding  section  shall  be 
suitable  for  that  purpose,  and  every  morning,  at  or 
before  the  hour  of  6  o’clock,  said  boat's  shall  be  taken 
to  the  middle  of  the  Ohio  River,  and  their  contents 
discharged  into  the  stream;  and  they  shall  be  thor¬ 
oughly  Washed  and  cleansed  before  landing  again.  The 
owners  of  said  boats  shall  receive  on  board  all  and 
every  cart  for  the  purpose  of  depositing  their  contents, 
for  which  they  shall  charge  a  sum  fixed  by  the  Health 
Officer,  not  exceeding  one  ($1.00)  dollar;  and  they 
shall  remove  all  dead  carcasses,  or  other  putrid  mat¬ 
ter,  sent  to  said  boat  by  the  Health  Officer,  free  of 
charge.  The  use  of  the  landing,  under  the  provisions 
of  this  and  the  preceding  section,  to  be  without  charge 
to  the  owner  or  owners  of  the  boat. 

Section  979.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  per¬ 
son  to  cast  into  or  permit  to  remain  in,  or  upon,  any 
part  of  the  premises  ‘  occupied  by  him  or  her,  or  in 
or  upon  any  private  alley,  any  kitchen  offal,  refuse 
matter,  or  filth  of  any  kind,  after  having  been  notified 
that  carts  or  other  means  are  employed  for  carrying 
the  same  away. 

Section  980.  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  cast,  throw  or 
leave  exposed  in  any  street,  lane,  alley,  lot,  common, 
public  ground  or  water-course,  within  this  city,  the 
dead  carcass  or  offal  of  any  animal,  or  any  putrid  or 
unsound  beef,  pork,  fish,  or  other  putrid  or  unsound 
substance,  or  make,  use,  keep  or  permit  in  his,  her  or 
their  dwelling  house,  shop,  store,  factory,  outhouse, 
cellar,  yard,  lot,  or  any  other  place  within  the  city, 
any  noisome,  or  offensive  liquid,  or  substance,  or  stag¬ 
nant  water,  prejudicial  to  the  health  of  the  citizens, 
or  any  annoyance  to  the  neighborhood. 

Section  981.  It  shall  not  be  lawful  to  gather  and 
haul  soap  grease  through  the  streets  and  alleys  of  the 


Supplement 


201 


city,  between  the  first  day  of  May  and  the  first  day 
of  October  in  each  year,  except  in  closed  carts,  wagons 
or  vessels;  and  in  putting  grease  into  said  carts, 
wagons  or  vessels,  such  carts,  wagons  or  vessels  shall 
be  kept  open  so  long  a  time  only  as  may  be  absolutely 
necessary  to  receive  what  is  intended  to  be  put  there¬ 
in;  nor  shall  any  such  cart,  wagon  or  other  vehicle 
used  for  such  purpose  be  permitted  to  remain  sta¬ 
tionary  more  than  five  (5)  minutes  at  one  place  in  said 
streets  or  alleys. 

Section  982.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  to 
discharge  from  his  house,  factory  or  lot  into  any 
street  or  alleys  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati  any  noisome 
or  offensive  liquid  or  substance  prejudicial  to  the 
health  of  the  citizens  residing  in  or  near  such  street 
or  alley,  or  suffer  or  permit  any  noisome  or  offensive- 
steam  or  gas,  prejudicial  to  the  health  of  any  citizens 
of  said  city,  to  escape  or  be  discharged  from  any 
chimney  or  pipe  or  other  opening  in  his  lot,  or  con¬ 
nected  with  his  factory  or  shop,  or  suffer  or  permit 
the  discharge  or  escape  of  steam  or  hot  water  from 
the  boiler  or  boilers  in  any  house,  factory  or  lot  into 
or  upon  any  such  street  or  alley ;  provided  that  such 
discharge  or  escape  from  such  boiler  or  boilers  may 
be  made  between  the  hours  of  seven  (7)  and  eight 
(8)  o’clock  p.  M.,  on  Wednesdays  or  Saturdays,  in  the 
presence  of  a  competent  guard,  who  shall  before, 
during,  and  for  fifteen  (15)  minutes  after  such  dis¬ 
charge,  notify  and  warn  all  persons  in  the  vicinity 
of  such  discharge  or  escape.  And  any  lot,  factory, 
house  or  shop,  in  the  actual  use  or  occupation  of  any 
person,  shall  be  deemed  the  lot,  factory,  house  or  shop 
of  such  person,  within  the  intent  and  meaning  of  this 
section,  although  such  person  be  not  the  owner  of  such 
lot,  factory,  house  or  shop. 

Section  983.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person 
or  persons,  owning  a  cow  or  cows,  to  suffer  such  cow 
or  cows  to  stand,  lie  or  feed  on  any  sidewalks  in  said 
city.  . 

Section  984.  Any  person  violating  any  of  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  Sections  976,  978,  979,  980,  981,  982  and  983 
shall  be  fined  in  any  sum  not  exceeding  twenty  ($20.00) 
dollars,  together  with  costs  of  prosecution;  every  day’s 
continuance  of  a  nuisance  or  a  violation  of  any  of 
the  provisions  contained  herein  shall  be  considered  a 
distinct  offense. 


202 


Supplement 


Section  985.  Xo  person  or  persons  shall  throw  or 
lay  ashes,  cinders,  shells,  straw,  shavings,  dirt,  old 
hoops,  garbage  or  offal  not  otherwise  provided  herein, 
or  rubbish  of  any  kind  whatever,  nor  allow  any  noxious, 
impure  or  offensive  liquid  to  run  or  flow  into  any 
street,  lane,  alley  or  public  place  in  the  City  of  Cin¬ 
cinnati.  But  all  garbage  and  offal  (not  otherwise  pro¬ 
vided  for  herein),  and  all  ashes,  shells,  cinders,  dirt 
and  rubbish  of  every  kind,  shall  be  placed  in  boxes, 
buckets  or  other  suitable  vessels,  and  all  such  boxes, 
buckets  or  vessels  shall  be  kept  in  a  convenient  place 
for  removal.  And  all  employes  of  the  city,  whose  duty 
it  is  to  remove  said  ashes,  etc.,  shall  use  great  care  to 
prevent  spiffing  or  scattering  any  of  the  same  upon 
private  property,  or  upon  public  streets  or  grounds. 

Section  986.  Xo  person  shall  turn  over  or  upset  on 
any  street,  sidewalk,  lane  alley  or  public  place  the 
contents  of  any  tub,  box,  barrel  or  other  vessel  con¬ 
taining  any  ashes,  as  specified  in  the  preceding  section. 

Section  987.  The  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions 
of  the  two  preceding  sections  shall  be  declared  a  mis- 
demeanor,  and  shall  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  less 
than  one  ($1.00)  dollar  nor  more  than  ten  ($10.00) 
dollars,  or  by  imprisonment  in  the  workhouse  for  not 
less  than  one  (1)  nor  more  than  five  (5)  days,  or  both, 
at  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

Section  988.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  to  maintain 
a  dog  pound  within  three  hundred  (300)  feet  of  a 
church,  school  house  o;r  of  an  inhabited  dwelling  house. 
Any  person  violating  any  of  the  provisions  of  this 
section  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and 
fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  ($100.00)  dollars,  or 
imprisoned  not  more  than  thirty  (30)  days,  or  both. 

Section  989.  That  the  Director  of  Public  Service 
be  and  is  hereby  empowered  to  declare  any  vacant 
or  uninclosed  lot  or  lots  of  said  city,  .between  the 
Ohio  River  on  the  south,  and  McLean  avenue  to  Har¬ 
rison  avenue  on  the  west,  and  McMicken  avenue  west 
of  Elm  street,  and  Clifton  avenue  east  of  Elm  street 
on  the  north,  and  Eggleston  avenue  continued  north 
on  Broadway  on  the  east,  a  nuisance,  and  to  compel 
the  owner  or  agents  of  such  lot  or  lots  to  inclose  the 
same  with  a  fence;  and  when  the  Director  of  Public 
Service  has  declared  any  vacant,  uninclosed  lot  or 
lots  to  be  a  nuisance,  notice  thereof  shall  be  served 
upon  the  owner  thereof,  if  he  be  a  resident  and  present 


Supplement 


203 


in  the  city,  or  if  he  be  a  non-resident,  or  absent  from 
the  city,  then  upon  his  agent;  and  if  such  owner  or 
agents  shall  have  failed  to  comply  with  said  notice 
within  twenty  days  from  the  day  of  the  service,  he 
shall  be  subject  to  the  penalty  hereinafter  prescribed. 

Section  990.  The  penalty  for  the  failure  to  comply 
with  such  notice  shall  be,  upon  trial  and  conviction 
in  the  Police  Court,  a  line  of  not  less  than  ten  ($10.00) 
nor  more  than  twenty-live  ($25.00)  dollars;  and  each 
day’s  failure  to  comply  with  such  notice  after  the  ex¬ 
piration  of  the  twenty  days  from  the  day  of  the  ser¬ 
vice  shall  be  deemed  a  separate  offense,  and  shall  be 
punished  accordingly. 


Garbage. 

Section  991.  It  is  hereby  made  the  duty  of  the 
occupant  or  occupants  of  every  dwelling  house  or  other 
building  in  the  City  of  Cincinnati  to  provide  a  suit¬ 
able  and  water-tight  box  or  other  vessel,  of  a  con¬ 
venient  size,  to  be  handled  by  the  garbage  collector, 
in  which  such  occupant  or  occupants  shall  cause  to 
be  placed  or  deposited  all  offal,  garbage  and  refuse, 
animal  and  vegetable  matter,  of  the  premises.  Such 
occupants  shall  keep  such  box  or  other  vessel  in  the 
alley  in  rear  of  such  premises,  or  at  a  place  on  the 
premises  most  accessible  to  the  person  collecting  the 
garbage  and  offal ;  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  to  put  any 
but  refuse  animal  and  vegetable  matter  in  the  vessel 
used  for  garbage  and  offal.  Provided,  that  if  the  said, 
receptacle  is  placed  in  the  alley  it  shall  be  provided 
with  a  tight  coyer,  properly  closed,  and  shall  be  located 
next  to  the  lot  line. 

% 

Section  992.  The  word  “garbage”  shall  be  held  to 
include  all  refuse  of  animal,  fish  or  vegetable  matter 
which  has  been  used  fcTr  food  for  man,  and  all  refuse 
animal,  fish  or  vegetable  matter  which  was  intended 
to  be  so  used.  All  garbage  shall  be  collected  in  water¬ 
tight  closed  metal  boxes,  and  such  boxes  shall  be  puri¬ 
fied  as  often  as  the  Director  of  Public  Service  shall 
direct,  and  shall  have  painted  thereon  the  word  “(iar- 
bage.” 

Section  993.  It  is  hereby  made  the  duty  of  the  con¬ 
tractor  with  the  (  ity  of  Cincinnati,  for  the  collection 
and  removal  of  garbage  and  dead  animals,  to  collect 
and  remove,  in  accordance  with  the  ordinances  and 


204 


Supplement 


contract  of  the  city,  all  garbage  and  refuse  animal, 
fish  or  vegetable  matter  found  within  the,  city  limits ; 
and  also  all  dead  animals  which  are  not  removed  or 
disposed  of  by  the  owner  in  a  lawful  manner  within 
a  reasonable  time,  and  not  exceeding  twelve  (12)  hours 
from  the  time  of  their  death.  Except  as  herein  pro¬ 
vided  as  to  dead  animals,  no  other  person  or  party 
than  the  City  Contractor  or  his  agents  shall  carry, 
convey  or  transport  through  the  streets,  alleys  or 
public  places  of  the  City  of  Cincinnati  such  materials; 
and  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  to  interfere 
in  any  manner  with  the  collection  and  disposal  of  such 
materials  by  the  City  Contractor. 

Section  994.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person 
to  deposit,  throw  or  place  any  garbage,  fish,  dead  ani¬ 
mals  or  refuse  animal  and  vegetable  matter  in  any 
avenue,  alley,  street  or  public  place  within  the  City 
of  Cincinnati,  nor  shall  any  person  place  such  materials 
upon  any  private  property,  whether  owned  by  such  per¬ 
son  or  not,  unless  the  same  shall  be  inclosed  in  proper 
vessels  or  boxes,  as  provided  in  Section  991. 

Section  995.  The  collection  and  removal  of  garbage 
shall  be  under  the  supervision  of  the  Director  of  Pub¬ 
lic  Service,  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Director  of 
Public  Service  and  Police  Department,  through  their 
proper  officials  and  agents,  to  enforce  the  provisions 
of  the  foregoing  sections. 

Section  996.  That  any  person  or  persons  violating 
any  of  the  provisions  of  the  five  preceding  sections 
shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  upon 
conviction  thereof  in  the  Police  Court,  shall  be  pun¬ 
ished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  fifty  ($50.00)  dollars, 
and  the  costs  of  the  prosecution. 

Section  997.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  to 
turn  over  or  upset  on  any  street,  sidewalk,  lane,  alley 
or  public  place  the  contents  of  any  vessel  containing 
any  garbage,  etc.,  as  specified  in  Section  991  herein, 
and  any  person  violating  any  of  the  provisions  of  this 
section  shall,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  fined  not  less 
than  one  ($1.00)  nor  more  than  ten  ($10.00)  dollars, 
or  by  imprisonment  in  the  workhouse  for  not  less  than 
one  (1)  nor  more  than  five  (5)  days,  or  both,  at  the 
discretion  of  the  court. 


Supplement 


205 


*Sec.  1023-1.  Street  Names  and  Numbering — Dis¬ 
play  Of.—  There  shall  be  displayed  on  at  least  one  cor¬ 
ner  wherever  any  streets  of  the  city  intersect  or  meet, 
the  names  of  such  streets  securely  fastened  to  the  side 
of  the  building,  to  a  light  post,  or  to  a  post  specially 
erected  for  the  purpose. 

*Sec.  1023-2.  All  street  gas  lamps  and  all  such  elec¬ 
tric  street  lamps  as  are  so  constructed  as  to  permit 
thereof,  now  or  hereafter  erected,  shall  have  legibly 
displayed  thereon  the  street  number  of  the  house  or 
lot  nearest  such  lamp. 

*Sec.  1023-3.  It  “shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Director  of 
Public  Service  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of  Sec¬ 
tions  1023-1,  1023-2,  and  it  shall  he  the  duty  of  the  Police 
Department  to  report  to  said  Director  when  any  such 
street  names  or  numbers  become  defaced  or  illegible, 
or  have  been  removed,  and  said  Director  shall  cause 
the  same  to  be  renewed  or  repaired,  as  the  case  may  be. 

Section  1024.  Houses — Numbering.— That  every 
owner  of  a  building  on  any  street,  avenue  or  alley  in 
the  city  shall,  when  notified  of  the  proper  number  of 
such  building  by  the  Chief  Engineer  of  the  Department 
of  Public  Service,  place  the  same  in  a  conspicuous 
place  on  the  front  of  such  building.  One  whole  num¬ 
ber  shall  be  allowed  on  every  twenty-five  feet  of  ground 
wherever  practicable,  whether  improved  or  vacant, 
provided  that  any  house  or  tenement  with  a  less  front 
than  twenty-five  feet  shall  receive  a  whole  number; 
and  that  all  streets,  avenues  or  alleys  running  north  and 
south  shall  number  from  the  river  or  the  commence¬ 
ment  of  said  street  nearest  thereto,  with  odd  numbers 
on  the  west  side  and  even  numbers  on  the  east  side  of 
said  street,  avenue  or  alley;  and  all  streets,  avenues  or 
alleys  running  east  and  west  shall  be  numbered  east 
from  Vine  street,  Erkenbrecher  avenue  and  Carthage 
pike,  or  the  terminus  of  said  street  nearest  thereto,  and 
west  from  Vine  street,  Erkenbrecher  avenue  and  Car¬ 
thage  Pike,  or  the  terminus  of  said  street  nearest 
thereto,  with  odd  numbers  o.n  the  south  side  and  even 
numbers  on  the  north  side  of  said  street,  avenue  or 
alley;  and  in  numbering  said  streets,  avenues  and  alleys, 
one  hundred  numbers  shall  be  allowed  to  each  block 
of  the  usual  length  of  blocks,  so  that  the  number  of 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  170,  passed  March 
19,  1912. 


206 


Supplement 


each  consecutive  block  shall  commence  with  consecu¬ 
tive  hundreds  and  one. 

Section  1025.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  per¬ 
son  to  take  down,  alter  or  deface  any  number  assigned 
and  put  up  as  aforesaid,  or  to  retain  an  improper  num¬ 
ber,  or  to  substitute  any  other  number  on  their  build¬ 
ing  than  the  one  given  by  virtue  of  the  preceding 
section. 

Section  1026.  Any  person  or  persons  violating  the 
provisions  of  Sections  1024  and  1025  shall,  on  conviction 
thereof  before  the  Police  Court,  be  fined  in  any  sum 
not  exceeding  twenty-five  ($25.00)  dollars  for  each  and 
every  offense,  with  costs  of  the  prosecution. 

^Section  ]  026-1.  Whenever  any  building  shall  stand 
back  more  than  seventy-five  (75)  feet  from  the  street 
line,  the  number  of  such  building  shall  be  conspicu¬ 
ously  displayed  at  or  near  the  walk,  driveway  or  com¬ 
mon  entrance  to  such  building  and  the  street  line  upon 
the  gate  post,  fence,  tree,  post  or  other  appropriate 
place,  so  as  to  be  easily  legible  from  the  sidewalk. 

Section  1027-1.  Stables,  Prohibiting  Erection  Of. — 
That  no  public  livery  stable  shall  be  erected  in  the 
square  bounded  by  Fairfield  Avenue,  Kinney  Avenue, 
Wold  Avenue  and  Fairfax  Avenue,  in  the  City  of  Cin¬ 
cinnati,  County  of  Hamilton,  Ohio,  without  a  license 
of  Council  being  first  thereto  obtained. 

Section  1027-2.  That  no  public  livery  stable  shall 
be  erected  in  the  square  bounded  by  Fourth  Street, 
La\Vrence  Street,'  Pike  Street  and  Buchanan  Street  in 
the  City  of  Cincinnati,  Hamilton  County,  Ohio,  without 
a  license  of  Council  being  first  thereto  obtained. 


BLOCKED  SQUARES. 

Section  1029.  A  petition,  signed  by  the  owners  of 
two-thirds  (%)  of  the  real  estate  on  the  several  squares 
hereinafter  mentioned,  having  been  presented  to  Coun¬ 
cil,  as  provided  by  law,  it  shall  be  unlawful  to  erect 
on  any  square  hereinafter  mentioned,  any  building, .  or 
addition  to  any  building,  more  than  ten  (10)  feet  high, 
unless  the  outer  walls  be  made  of  iron,  stone,  brick 
or  mortar,  or  of  some  of  them,  and  such  erection  is 


*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  169,  passed  March 
19,  19ll 


Supplement 


207 


hereby  prohibited.  The  provisions  of  this  section  and 
the  squares  named  are  in  addition  to  those  named  in 
Sections  Nos.  352-22  and  451  herein. 

Section  1029-1.  Baum,  Ellen,  Fifth  and  Third 
Streets. 

Section  1029-2.  Baum  Street,  East  Fifth  Street, 
Lock  Street  and  East  Sixth  Street. 

Section  1029-3.  Broadway,  Milton,  Wilson  and  Lib¬ 
erty  Streets. 

Section  1029-4.  Burnet,  Wilson,  Hearne  and  North¬ 
ern  Avenues. 

* 

Section  1029-6.  Chase  Street,  Turrill  Street,  Pullan 
Avenue  and  Hamilton  Avenue. 

Section  1029-7.  Colerain  Avenue,  Dorman,  Cherry 
and  Burgoyne  Streets. 

Section  1029-8.  Corry  Street,  Auburn  Avenue,  Au- 
burndale  and  Euclid  Avenue. 

Section  1029-9.  Corry,  Calhoun,  Vine  and  Jefferson 
Streets. 

Section  1029-10.  Drake  Alley,  Young,  Boal  and 

Prospect  Streets. 

*  * ** 

* 

Section  1029-13.  Evans  Alley,  Loth  Street,  East 

Alley,  and  the  north  line  of  Elsas  and  Loth’s  Subdi¬ 

vision. 

§  ■  •  « 

$ 

Section  1029-16.  Hamilton  Road,  Brown  Street, 
Drainage  Street  and  east  bank  of  the  canal. 

Section  1029-17.  Hamilton  Road,  Main,  Locust  and 
Buckeye  Streets. 

*Section  1029-5  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  224-14, 
passed  May  5,  1914. 

**Section  1029-11  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  122-13, 
passed  P'ebruary  18,  1913. 

*Section  1029-12  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  215-13, 
passed  April  15,  1913. 

§Section  1029-14  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  178-14, 
passed  April  7,  1914. 

{Section  1029-15  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  89-14, 
passed  February  24,  1914. 


208 


Supplement 


t  • 

Section  1029-19.  Huntington  Place,  Main  Street 
and  Lewis  Street  (Auburn  Terrace). 

Section  1029-20.  Jefferson  Avenue,  Scioto  Street, 
Calhoun  Street  and  Claasen  Street. 

Section  1029-21.  Liberty,  Milton,  Broadway  and 
Mansfield  Streets. 

Section  1029-22.  Liberty,  Milton,  Young  and  Price 
Streets. 

Section  1029-23.  Liberty-,  Wilson,  Milton  and  Young 
Streets. 

Section  1029-24.  Lower  River  Road,  street  known  as 
Short  Street,  I.  C.  L.  R.  R.  and  the  Bold  Face  Creek. 

Section  1029-25.  Mansfield,  Liberty,  Sycamore  and 
Milton  Streets. 

Section  1029-26.  Melrose  Avenue,  Lincoln  Avenue, 
Stanton  Avenue  and  Beecher  Street. 

Section  1029-27.  McMicken  Avenue,  Locust  Street, 
Oak  and  Buckeye  Streets. 

ft 

Section  1029-29.  McMillan.  Street,  Kinsey  Avenue, 
Reading  Road  and  Cumberland  Street. 


Section  1029-31.'  McMillan  Street,  Park  Avenue, 
Curtis  Street  and  Kemper  Lane. 

Section  1029-32.  Mulberry  Street,  from  Vine 
Street  to  an  alley  opposite  Rice  Street,  by  said  alley  to 
Peete  Street,  to  Vine  Street,  to  place  of  beginning. 

Section  1029-33.  Nassau  Street,  North  Street,  St. 
James  Avenue,  Francisco  Street  and  Fulton  Avenue. 

Section  1029-34.  Oak  Street,  May  Street,  Stanton 
Avenue  and  Tuxedo  Place. 

Section  1029-35.  Poplar,  Buckeye,  Vine  and  Peete 
Streets. 


fSection  1029-18  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  307-13, 
passed  May  27,  1913. 

tfSection  1029-28  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  477-13, 
passed  September  2,  1913. 

**Section  1029-30  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  367-13, 
passed  June  24,  1913. 


Supplement 


209 


* 


Section  1029-37.  Saunders  Street,  Huntington 
Place,  Main  Street  and  Sycamore  (or  Lewis)  Street. 


Section  1029-38.  Schiller,  Mulberry, „  Hughes  and 
Main  Streets. 

* 

Section  1029-39.  Young  Street,  Milton  Street,  Von 
Seggern  Alley  and  Boal  Street. 

Section  1029-40.  Thill,  Loth,  St.  Joe  and  Vine 
Streets. 


Section  1029-41.  Vine,  Buckeye  and  Oak  Streets, 
and  Hust  Alley. 

Section  1029-42.  Vine,  Zeltner,  Charlton  and  Dan¬ 
iel  Streets. 

Section  1029-43.  Wehrman  Avenue,  Fredonia  Ave¬ 
nue,  Whittier  Street  and  C.,  L.  &  N.  R.  R. 

Ordinance  No.  2189.  (Passed  November  7,  1910.) 
Woodburn  Avenue,  Fairfax  Avenue,  Hackberry  Street 
and  Hewitt  Avenue. 

Ordinance  No.  2820.  (Passed  September  11,  1911.) 
Burnet  Avenue,  Highland  Avenue,  East  Auburn  Ave¬ 
nue  and  Sheas  Place. 

Ordinance  No.  2872.  (Passed  October  16,  1911.) 
Ordinance  No.  1010  repealed.  Grand  (now  Sinton) 
Avenue,  Nassau  Street,  Fulton  Avenue  and  Eden  Park. 

Ordinance  No.  2883.  (Passed  October  23,  1911.) 
Jefferson,  Ludlow,  Brookline,  Marion  and  Alexander 
Avenues,  and  Bishop  Street. 

^Ordinance  No.  250-13.  (Passed  April  29,  1913.) 
Erie,  Duncan,  Observatory  and  Monteith. 

•(■Ordinance  No.  268.  (Passed  May  14,  1912.)  Melish 
Avenue,  Reading  Road,  Union  Street  and  Savoy  Place. 
Boorman  Avenue,  Melish  Avenue,  Van  Buren  Avenue, 
Whittier  Street  and  Reading  Road,  Melish  Avenue, 
Van  Buren  Avenue,  Whittier  Street,  Wehrman  Avenue 
and  C.,  L.  &  N.  R.  R. 


*Section  1029-36  repealed  by  Ordinance  No.  390-13, 
passed  July  1,  1913. 

$As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  250-13,  passed  April 
29,  1913. 

fAs  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  268-12,  passed  May 

14,  1912. 


210 


Supplement 


tf Ordinance  No.  366-13.  (Passed  June  24,  1913.) 
St.  Clair,  Rochelle,  Scioto  and  Powhatan  Streets. 
**Ordinance  No.  416-13.  (Passed  July  15,  1913.) 
West  side  Reading  Road,  north  side  Greenwood  and 
south  side  of  North  Crescent. 

JOrdinance  No.  468-12.  (Passed  September  10, 
1912.)  Hale  Avenue,  Reading  Road,  Ridgeway  Ave¬ 
nue  and  Harvey  Avenue. 

^Ordinance  No.  185-14.  (Passed  April  14,  1914.) 
Louden.  Morrell,  Paradrome  and  Parkside. 

§Ordinance  No.  186-14.  (Passed  April  14,  1914.) 
Fredonia,  Whittier  and  C.  L.  &  N.  R.  R. 

Ordinance  No.  335-14.  (Passed  June  23,  1914.) 

Pullan,  Chase,  Langland  and  Williamson  Place. 

Ordinance  No.  464—14.  (Passed  September  1,  1914.) 
Woodburn  Avenue,  Hapsburg,  Harvard  and  Gilbert. 

Ordinance  No.  323-14.  (Passed  June  16,  1914.) 

Rohs,  Chickasaw,  McMillan  and  Warner. 

Ordinance  No.  282-15.  (Passed  May  18,  1915.) 

Gilbert  Avenue,  Eden  Park  Entrance,  C.  L.  &  N.  R.  R. 
and  Kenton  Street  Bridge. 

Ordinance  No.  573-14.  (Passed  October  20,  1914.) 
Paradrome,  Parkside  Place,  Morrell  Street  and  Martin 
Street. 

Ordinance  No.  304-15.  (Passed  June  11,  1915.) 

Whittier,  Reading  Road,  Ridgeway,  Fredonia  and  C.  L. 
&  N.  R.  R. 

^Ordinance  No.  711-15.  To  block  the  square  bounded 
by  Ashland  Avenue,  Woodburn  Avenue,  Myrtle  Ave¬ 
nue  and  Chapel  Street. 

^Ordinance  No.  422-16.  To  block  the  square  bounded 
by  Alpine  Place,  Nassau  Street,  Luray  Avenue  and  St. 
Paul  Place.  v 


ft  As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  366-13,  passed  June 
24,  1913. 

**As  ordained  hy  Ordinance  No.  416-13,  passed  July 
15,  1913. 

tAs  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  468-12,  passed  Sep¬ 
tember  10,  1912. 

If  As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  185-14,  passed  April 
14,  1914. 

§As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  186-14,  passed  April 
14,  1914. 

*As  ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  711-15,  passed  De¬ 
cember  28,  1915. 

JAs  Ordained  by  Ordinance  No.  422-16,-  passed  Oc¬ 
tober  3,  1916. 


Supplement 


211 


GENERAL  INFORMATION. 


Duplicates.  All  applications  for  new  building  and 
alteration  permits  must  be  accompanied  by  duplicate 
plans  and  duplicate  specifications.  No  permits  will 
be  issued  until  both  sets  of  plans  and  specifications 
have  been  marked  “Examined  and  approved.”  These 
duplicates  are  not  allowed  to  be  taken  from  the  office 
under  any  circumstances. 

Lot  Lines  shall  be  shown  on  plans  or  on  a  separate 
sketch.  Distances  from  one  lot  line  to  nearest  street 
corner  must  be  given.  If  the  buildings  or  grades  on 
adjoining  lots  are  involved  in  any  way,  all  the  facts 
concerning  the  adjoining  lots  pertinent  to  the  issu¬ 
ance  of  a  permit  shall  be  shown. 

House  Numbers  should  be  stated  on  application 
where  possible. 

When  any  adjoining  buildings  are  within  thirty 
(30)  feet  of  the  proposed  building,  the  exact  location 
of  the  former  must  be  shown  on  the  plan  or  plat. 
This  applies  ,t°  store  buildings,  warehouses,  factories 
and  workshops,  tenement  houses  and  hotels,  and  all  fire¬ 
proof  and  semi-fireproof  buildings. 

Permits  issued  from  9  a.  m.  to  12  m.  and  from  1 
p.  M.-to  3  p.  m.  Permits  are  issued  only  on  drawings  in 
ink  accompanied  with  specifications. 


212 


Index 


INDEX 


A 

Section 

Access  by  adjoining  owners .  368 

to  drainage  plans  and  specifications .  340 

to  rooms  in  tenement  houses .  551 

Accessories,  in  violating  Code .  577 

Accessibility  of  structural  members  for  painting..  407 

Additions  to  heights  of  old  buildings .  434 

Adjoining  owners,  notice  to .  366 

responsibility  of  .  367 

access  by  . 368 

Adjoining  skylights  and  roofs,  protection  of .  369 

Administrative  . Sub-Title  I 

Advance  information  for  preparing  plans .  340 

Advertising  . 834,  834-1 

Aggregate,  quality  required  for  concrete .  391 

Air  and  Light  . Sub-Title  VI,  Chapter  I 

Air  and  light  in  cellars  . ,  531 

in  buildings  . 532 

in  tenement  houses,  hotels  and  lodging  hous¬ 
es  . ; .  532 

Air  space  not  allowed  between  fireprofing  and 

structural  steel  .  441 

Aisles  and  seats  in  theaters .  509 

Alley  and  street,  definition  of . : .  352 

Alterations  to  elevator  shafts .  502 

to  hoists,  scaffolds,  ropes,  etc .  503 

permits  .  341 

definition  of  . 352-1 

Alterations  to  buildings .  869 

Anchoring  of  beams  and  joists . 443 

of  compression  steel  in  reinforced  concrete 

beams  .  418 

of  walls  .  437 

Apartment  houses,  access  to  rooms  and  water- 

closets  . 551 

Appeal,  Board  of .  338 

Apparatus,  fire-extinguishing  .  459 

Appendages,  definition  of . 352-4 

Application  blanks  .  340 

for  permits  .  340 

use  of  sidewalks .  372 

streets  and  other  spaces .  372 


Index 


213 


Section 

Arched  openings,  required  where  drains  pass 

through  walls  .  556 

Arches,  floor  .  440 

Area,  maximum  subdivided  by  brick  walls . 444,  467 

definition  of  . 352-2 

of  concrete  to  be  figured  in  compression  in 

reinforced  concrete  columns .  418 

for  windows  in  tenements .  533 

Areas,  courts  and  yards  to  be  drained .  558 

Arrangement  of  pipes  to  be  as  straight  and  direct 

.  as  possible  .  560 

Assembly  halls,  classification  of . 354-3 

exits  and  stairs .  507 

Assembly  halls  in  buildings  3  stories  or  more  high 

must  be  fireproof . 449-b 

minimum  live  loads  for .  397 

prohibited  hazards  .  460 

Assistants  and  deputies,  duties  and  salaries  of ... .  333 

Assistant  Plan  Examiner,  salary  of . 333-3c 

Assumptions  in  design  of  concrete .  417 

Asylums,  stand  pipes  in .  457 

Attic,  definition  of . . . 352-3 

Auditorium,  exits  and  stairs: . • .  507 

Automatic  sprinklers  in  theatres .  458 

Awnings  extending  across  sidewalk .  382 

permanently  suspended  . . 349-11 

cost  of  permits  for . 349-11 

B 

Backing  of  walls  faced  with  cut  stone,  pressed 

brick,  terra  cotta,  etc .  435 

of  wood  wainscoting .  446 

Badges  worn  in  conspicuous  place  when  on  duty. .  336 

Balconies  allowed  within  the  fire  limits .  451-e 

projection  of  .  380 

Ball  rooms  . . 776,  776-1 

Bands  not  permitted .  561 

Bars,  deformed,  allowable  unit  stress . 402-a 

grip  required  in  reinforced  concrete .  419 

Basement,  definition  of . 352-5 

living  rooms  in,  ventilated,  etc .  539 

floors  and  walls  damp-proofed . ’  539 

walls  against  bank  furred .  539 

Base  of  wall,  definition  of . 352-8 

Base  of  levels  . 28-la,  b 

Bases,  projection  of .  -}79 

Bases  for  cast-iron  columns .  409 


214 


Index 


Section 

Bay  windows,  definition  of . 352~6 

allowed  within  the  fire  limits . 451-f 

projection  of  ..  ..- .  380 

Beams,  forms  of  concrete,  when  to  be  removed.  . . .  415 
protection  of  metal  in  reinforced  con¬ 
crete  . . 352-19,  420 

protection  of  structural  steel .  441 

wood,  minimum  depth .  443 

and  columns,  covering  of .  441 

Bearing  allowable  on  masonry . .  401 

on  soil . „ .  400 

partitions  of  wood .  444 

amount  of,  required  for  slabs .  419 

Benzine,  buildings  for  storage  of .  483 

Billboards  and  signs . 345,  455,  349-7,  349-8 

Blacksmith  shop,  when  restricted. .  452 

Blocks,  hollow  building  .  386 

concrete  .  433 

Block  squares,  definition  of... 452,  1027-1,  1027-2,  1029, 
1029-1  to  1029-43  inc.,  2189,  2820,  2872,  2883,  268-12, 
468-12,  250-13,  366-13,  416-13,  185-14,  186-14,  573-14, 
323-14,  335-14,  282-15,  304-15,  711-15,  422-16. 

Block  restrictions  . .  452 

Blow  holes  in  cast-iron  columns .  409 

Blow-off  tank  for  steam,  when  required .  556 

Board  of  Appeal,  Department  of  Buildings,  term, 

fees . 338 

Board  of  Examiners  of  picture  machine  operators  484-b 
Board  of  Examiners  of  Plumbers..  .  Sup’ment  Sections 

. 290,  291,  292,  293,  294,  295,  296,  297,  298 

Boilers,  heating  and  furnaces .  463 

Boiler  rooms  in  garages .  481 

Bolts,  when  allowed  in  skeleton  steel  constructed 

buildings  .  405 

as  connections  for  trusses .  411 

working  stresses  for . 402-b 

Bond  of  Commissioner,  Chief  Inspector,  Engineer, 

and  Deputies  . . 334 

assumed  between  concrete  and  steel  in  de¬ 
sign  of  reinforced  concrete . 417-a 

plate  for  brick  piers .  439 

required  for  brick  walls . 435,  438 

concrete  block  walls .  443 

rubble  walls  .  432 

stone  walls  .  438 

Booths,  election,  allowed  within  the  fire  limits.  . .  .451-b 
for  picture  machine . 484 


Index 


215 


Section 

Box  girders,  requirements*  for .  410 

Bracing,  calculation  of . . .  395 

for  frame  Buildings  . .  448 

for  sekeleton  steel  constructed  buildings....  408 

Brackets,  protection  from  corrosion . > .  414 

Branch  soil  and  waste  pipes,  fall  required .  561 

vent  pies  kept  above  top  of  connecting  fix¬ 
tures  .  563 

Breweries,  when  restricted .  452 

Brick,  old  to  be  cleaned .  385 

percentage  of  bats  allowed .  385. 

quality  required . 385,  432 

veneer  .  436 

Brick  piers,  between  windows,  minimum  thickness 

of  . 439 

isolated,  maximum  height  of .  439 

Brickwork,  safe  bearing  load  on .  401 

thickness  of,  in  foundations .  432 

Brick  and  masonry  work .  438 

Bridges,  protection  from  corrosion .  414 

Building  blocks,  concrete,  hollow  tile  and  vitrified 

clay,  requirements  for .  386 

strength  of .  402 

use  of,  when  allowed  .  433 

use  of,  for  foundations .  432 

vitrified  clay,  maximum  height,  non-bearing 

partitions  .  442 

requirements  for .  386 

strength  of  . / .  402 

table  of  maximum  height  of  walls....  425 

Building  line,  definition  of . 352-7 

Buildings,  assembly  hall  classification,  fireproof 

, . 354-3,  449-b 

club  house  classification,  fireproof .  356 

Building  permits  . 341,  341-a,  342,  343,  344 

revocation  of  .  347 

time  limit  of .  348 

cost  of . 349,  349-1  to  349-8  inc. 

Buildings,  cleanliness  of ....  Sub-Title  VI,  Chap.  II  550 
condemnation  of- unsafe .  487 


Buildings,  conflict  between  general  and  special  pro¬ 
visions  .  363 

detention  classification,  fireproof ...  .354-1,  449-a 
dry  cleaning,  fireproof . 449-a 


21G 


Index 


Section 


Buildings,  dwellings,  classification .  3-58 

factory,  classification,  fireproof . 355-5,  449-d 

fireproof  .  449 

frame  . 448 

frame,  veneered  with  brick .  436 

garages,  public,  classification,  fireproof  .360,  449-a 

hotels,  classification,  fireproof . 355-1,  449-c 

increasing  height  of .  434 

inspection  and  condemnation  of  unsafe....  487 

lighting  of  .  534 

light  and  air  in .  532 


lodging  houses,  classification,  fireproof.... 


. 355-1,  449-c 

office,  classification,  fireproof . 355-2,  449-c 

overloading  .  488 

picture  machine  theatre,  classification . 354-5 

public,  classification,  fireproof.. . 354,  449-a 

removal  of . . 870,  454 

school,  classification,  fireproof  ......354-2,  449-b 

semi-public,  classification  .  355 

semi-fireproof  .  450 

sheds,  classification  .  361 

stables,  classification  . .  359 

store,  classification,  fireproof . 355-3,  449-d 

tenement  house,  classification,  fireproof  .357,  449-c 

theatre,  classification,  fireproof . 354-4,  449-e 

toilet  facilities  of . Sub-Title  VI,  Chap.  II 

unsafe,  inspection  and  condemnation  of .  487 

used  for  more  than,  one  class .  362 

warehouse,  classification,  fireproof .  .355-4,  449-d 

workshop,  classification  . 355-6 

within  fire  limits,  balconies . 451-e 

bay  windows  . 451- f 

coal  tipples  . 451-h 

exterior  walls  of  brick . 451-b 

exterior  walls  of  incombustible  mater¬ 
ial  . . 451— i 

fences  . . .  451-g 

frame  or  wood  allowed,  election 

booths  . 451-b 

lumber  piles  . 451— i 

platforms  . ....451-b 

stands  . 451-b 

temporary  . .' . 451-a 

tents  . 451-b 


Index 


217 


Section 

Buildings  within  fire  limits,  grain  elevators . 451-h 

ice  houses  . 451-h 

incombustible  roofs  . 451— i 

no  frame  or  wood  allowed .  451 

within  fire  limits,  not  exceeding  12  ft.  high.  .451-c 

piazzas  . 451-e 

privies  . , . 451-d 

roofs,  incombustible  . 451— i 

railroad  yard  offices  and  signal  towers. ..  .451-h 

sheds  . 451-d 

wharf  houses  . 451-h 

Burning  fluid  .  483 

Buttresses,  when  required  for  brick  walls .  430 

concrete  walls  .  432 

fireproof  partitions  .  442 


C 


Calcium  carbide  in  garages . 481 

Calculation  of  stresses . Sub-Title  IV,  Chap.  II 

Calculation  of  construction .  394 

Camphine  .  483 

Cans  of  metal  in  garages .  481 

Canopies  extending  across  sidewalk .  382 

Capacity  of  floors,  notice  posted  in  factories .  488 

in  warehouses  .  488 

»  in  workshops  .  488 

in  stores  . 488 

in  dance  halls  . 490 

of  freight  elevators,  posting .  489 

of  all  elevators,  posting  . 498-a 

Carbon  oil  .  483 

Cast  iron,  bases  of . - . 406,  409 

cap  plates  for  piers . 439 

columns  of  . 409 

column,  formulae  for .  404 

columns,  fillings  for .  413 

columns  not  placed  on  wood  bases .  409 

factor  of  safety  of .  399 

lintels,  when  not  allowed .  405 

pipe  . 554-a 

quality  required  .  393 

working  stress  for . 402 

Catchbasins  and  vaults  to  be  abolished .  54;j 

Ceilings  of  wood,  not  allowed .  446 


218 


Index 


Section 

Cellar,  definition  of . 352-9 

doors  in  sidewalk .  377 

drain,  when  allowed .  558 

light  and  air  in .  531 

Cement*  definition  of . 352-10 

Cement,  requirements  for .  389 

Cement  mortar  . 390-2 

Centers,  wood  for  trimmer  arches .  466 

Cesspools,  when  permitted . 557 

not  to  be  used  as  privy  vaults .  557 

location  for . 557 

Challenging  member  of  Board  of  Appeal .  338 

Channeling  of  walls .  428 

Chases  for  pipe .  428 

Chestnut,  working  stresses  for.  . .  402 

Chutes,  coal  in  sidewalks .  377 

Chief  clerk  and  plan  examiner,  salary  of . 333-3 

Chief  Inspector  of  Buildings,  duties,  salary,  term 

. 333-1,  335,  333-11 

Chief  Housing  Inspector,  duties,  salary . 333-10 

Chief  Sanitary  Inspector  of  Buildings,  duties,  sal¬ 
ary,  term  . 333^1,  335,  333-11 

Chimneys,  flues  and  fireplaces .  466 

framing  of  joists  around  breast. .  443 

unsafe  .  466 

fire  in  .  884 

Chutes,  dirt  in .  486 

Cinder  concrete,  use  of  in  floor  arches .  440 

City,  base  of  levels . 28-la-b 

City  officers,  duty .  569 

Solicitor,  suits  by . .  571 

Civil  proceedings  .  570 

Classification  of  buildings . Sub-Title  II,  Chapter  II 

Clay,  safe  bearing  load  on .  400 

vitrified  building  blocks,  quality  of . 386-b 

Cleaning  device  for  windows .  505 

Cleanliness  in  tenement  houses,  lodging  houses  and 

hotels  .  550 

Cleanliness  and  toilet  facilities  in  buildings . 

. Sub-Title  VI,  Chapter  II 

Cleanouts  on  house  drain,  sizes . 554-f,  556 

Clearance  for  elevators .  501 

Clerks,  salary  of . 333-3e,  333-4,  333-10a 

Club  houses,  classification .  356 

Coal  chutes  in  sidewalks .  377 

Coal  oil  .  483 

Coal  tipples,  allowed  within  the  fire  limits..  ......  .451-h 

when  restricted  .  452 


Index 


219 


Section 

Code,  definition  of . 352-11 

invalidity  of  part  of .  573 

penalties  for  violation  of . 576,  577 

Collapse  of  buildings,  prevention  of . 

. Sub-Title  V,  Chapter  II 

Column  and  beam  covering .  441" 

Columns,  cast  iron .  409 

f  concrete,  design  of .  418  - 

filling  for  cast  iron,  when  required .  413-^ 

fireproofing  for  structural  steel .  441'" 

forms  for  concrete .  415  — 

projection  permitted  beyond  building  line..  .  379  — 

protection  of  metal  in  concrete . 352-19,  420  ^ 

riveted  connections  required .  405  ^ 

structural  to  be  secured  to  base .  406- 

unit  stress  for  cast  iron,  steel  and  wood .  404 

unit  stresses  for  concrete .  403 

unit  stresses  for,  in  pin-connected  trusses..  .  411  — 

Combined  stresses  to  be  provided  for . . .  411 

Commercial  buildings,  safe  loads  for .  397 

Commissioner  of  Buildings . Sub-Title  I,  Chapter  I 

duties,  salary,  term . • . 332  to  335 

organization  of  office . * . 333-11 

report  annually  of  payment  of  fees .  350 

shall  be  furnished  plans  and  specifications 

. 340,  344,  346 

bond  of . 334 

decisions  of  .  338 

Common  offsets  not  permitted .  561 

Compression  flange  secured  against  buckling .  410 

Compression  steel  in  reinforced  concrete  beams. .  .  418 

Computations  to  be  submitted  when  required .  394 

Concrete  construction . Sub-Title  IV,  Chapter  IV 

Concrete,  aggregates  required  for .  391 

arches,  rise  of .  440 

assumption  in  design  of .  417 

blocks  . 433,  386-c 

calculation  of  moments .  419 

cinder  concrete  used  for  arches .  440 

conditions  for  variations  of  design . 421 

construction . Sub-Title  IV,  Chapter  IV 

definition  of  . 352-12 

design  of  . ' .  418 

factor  of  safety  for .  399 

foundations  .  432 

manner  of  mixing .  391 

placing  of  .  416 


220 


Index 


Section 

Concrete,  maximum  time  allowed  between  mixing 


and  placing  .  391 

proportions,  how  measured . 391 

protection  of  metal  in . .352,  420 

provisions  for  keeping  damp .  416 

safe  bearing  load  on .  401 

sand  for  .  387 

temperature,  minimum  for  placing .  416 

walls,  reinforcement  for .  418 

water,  amount  required  in .  391 

working  stresses  for... . 403,  418 

Condemnation  of  unsafe  buildings .  487 

Condensing  tank,  when  allowed  to  be  omitted .  556 

Conditions  under  which  concrete  design  may  be 

varied  .  421 

Conflict  between  special  and  general  provisions...  363 
Connections  to  soil  and  waste  pipes  to  be  sanitary 

Y  and  T .  561 

accessible  after  erection . .  407 

for  eccentric  loads .  407 

for  house  drain  and  sewer . 556 

for  relief  *or  vapor  pipe .  556 

of  wood  girders  to  columns .  443 

to  columns  to  be  riveted .  405 

to  provide  for  wind  pressure . .  408 

to  sewer,  separate  for  each  building.  ... 555,  553 
to  public  sewer  required  as  soon  as  possible.  557 
requirements  for  drains  for  areas,  courts  and 
yards  .  558 

Construction,  calculation  of .  394 

skeleton  steel .  405 

concrete  . Sub-Title  IV,  Chapter  IV 

ordinary . Sub-Title  IV,  Chapter  V 

floor .  440 

Continuous  partitions  to  be  fire-stopped .  445 

Coping  for  division  walls  of  frame  buildings .  447 

fence  and  fire  walls .  437 

Copper  and  lead  finishing . 554-g 

wire  baskets  required  over  vents .  561 

Cornices,  anchors  for .  437 

Corridors,  minimum  loads  for .  397 

Corrosion,  protection  from .  414 

Cost  of  permits .  349 

Cost  of  buildings,  verification  of .  351 

Counterweight  for  elevators . .  499 

Coursed  stone  pier.s  and  walls,  thickness  of .  439 


Index 


221 


Section 

Courts  and  yards,  to  be  drained .  558 

definition  of  . . 352-13 

in  tenement  houses,  hotels  and  lodging  houses  538 

center  courts . 538-a 

side  courts . 538-b 

inclosed  courts . 538-c 

end  courts . 538-d 

angles  and  bays  in  courts . 538-e 

Covering  of  beams  and  columns .  441  . 

Curtain  in  theaters . .  470 

Custody  of  plans  and  specifications  for  future  refer¬ 
ence  .  340 


D 


Dance  halls,  posting  capacity  of .  490 

Datum  point . Supplement  Section  28-la-b 

Dead  loads,  what  included . ; .  396 

full  dead  load  to  be  provided  for .  398 

Decisions  of  Commissioner .  338 

Board  of  Appeal . e .  338 

Decrease  of  strength  in  wood  beams  and  girders 

provided  for  .  443 

Defects  in  elevators . 498-c 

Deformed  bars,  grip  required  in  concrete .  419 

Definitions  . Sub-Title  II,  Chapter  I 

Definition  of  alley  and  streets .  352 

alteration  . 352-1 

areas  . 252-2 

attics  . 352-3 

appendages  . 352-4 

basements  . 352-5 

bay  windows . 352-6 

building  line  . ’ . 352-7 

base  of  wall . 352-8 

cellar . 352-9 

cement  . 352-10 

code  . 352-11 

concrete  . 352-12 

courts  . 352-13 

drain  . 352-14 

dry-cleaning  business  . 352-15 

dumb  waiter . 352-16 

factor  of  safety.... . 352-17 

fireproof  material  . 353-18 

building  . 352-19 


222. 


Index 


Section 

Definition  of  fireproof  doors  and  shutters . 352-20 

windows  . 352-21 

fire  limits  . 352-22 

footings  . 1 . 352-23 

foundations  . 352-24 

hall,  public  and  stair . 352-25 

height  of  building . ....352-26 

walls  . /.  . . 352-27 

stories  - : . 352-28 

•incombustible  roof . '.  .352-29 

stud  partition  . . 352-30 

material  . 352-31 

length  of  building . 352-32 

loads  of  building . 352-33 

lot  line  . .352-34 

mill  construction  . '.352-35 

mortar  . 352-36 

opening  . 352-37 

owner  . 352-38 

partition  . .< . 352-39 

pipe,  soil,  waste  and  vent . ,...352-40 

post  . 352-41 

repairs  . 352-42 

semi-fireproof  building  . 352-43 

sewer,  private  and  house . 352-44 

shaft  . .-. . 352-45 

slow-burning  construction  . 352-46 

ton  . 352-47 

veneer  . 352-48 

volatile  inflammable  liquid . 352-49 

wall,  external  division,  party,  division  bear¬ 
ing  . 352-50 

apron,  foundation,  fire,  retaining ...  352-50 

wells  . 352-51 

width  of  building . 352-52 

wire  glass  . 352-53 

yard  . 352-54 

Derricks  .  503 

use  of  guide  ropes  for .  373 

Design  of  reinforced  concrete . 418  to  421 

Detention  buildings  must  be  fireproof,  live  loads  . 
for  . . 354-1,  354,  397,  449-a 

Device  for  window  cleaning .  505 

Deposits  required  by  parties  appealing .  338 

Depth  of  foundation  walls  . ; .  432 

Depth  of  excavation  allowed  without  incurring 
liability  .  364 


Index 


223 


Section 


Deputy  inspectors  of  buildings,  salary,  duties 


.333-6,  333-7,  333-8,  333-8-a,  333-9,  333-11,  335 


Design,  conditions  under  which  variations  may  he 


made  in  concrete  construction .  421 

assumption  in  concrete  construction . 417,  418 

Diagram  of  exits  in  theaters.. . . .  514 

Diameters  of  soil  and  waste  pipes,  tables  of .  561 

Dirt  chutes,  sheet  steel . 486 

fire  doors  for . '. .  486 

Display  cases,  projection  of .  381 

Display  of  exit  signs  in  theaters .  514 

Distillery,  when  restricted . 452 

Division  walls,  height  and  thickness  of .  427 

Dissatisfaction  with  Commissioner’s  decision .  338 

Division  walls,  bearing  .  422 

for  frame  buildings..*.... .  448 

thickness  and  height  of .  427 

Docket  of  unsafe  buildings  . .  487 

Doors,  cellar  .  377 

Door  openings  in  fireproof  buildings .  442 

Doors  and  windows,  fireproof .  456 

Double  hubs  not  permitted . # .  561 

Drainage  plans  and  specifications .  340 

inspector,  salary,  duties,  etc... 333-9,  333-11,  335 

sewerage  .  555 

system  to  be  ventilated .  562 

Drains,  definition  of . 352-14 

house  and  sewer .  556 

for  yards,  courts,  areas,  floors .  558 

Dressing  rooms  in  theaters .  475 

Drip  pipe  under  pressure  not  connected  to  house- 

drain  . t .  556 

Dry-cleaning  business  .  . .  480 

definition  of  . 352-15 

inspection  fee  . 480-a 

heating  of  buildings . 480-c 

law  pertaining  to,  penalty  for  violating . 480-1 

storage,  volatile  substances  . 480-d 

tanks  for  . 480-e 

vented  ...' . 480- f 

Dry-cleaning  buildings,  lighting  of .  478 

must  be  fireproof . .  .  . . 449-a 

steam  pipes  for .  4  57 

Dumb  waiter,  definition  of . 352-16,  496 

Duty  of  city  officers .  569 

Dwelling  houses,  minimum  live  loads  for .  397 

classification  .  358 


224 


Index 


Section 

E 

Earthenware  traps,  method  of  venting .  562 

Eccentric  loading,  provisions  for .  398 

in  skeleton  steel  buildings .  407 

in  trusses .  411 

Egress  in  general .  506 

Egress,  factories  and  workshops  (stairs) . 515,  516 

stores . 517 

theatres .  508 

in  buildings  other  than  theatres .  515 

Election  booths,  allowed  within  the  fire  limits . 451-b 

Electrician,  Inspector,  duties,  salary.  .333-8,  335,  333-11 

Electric  wiring  .  478 

Electric  wdring  in  dry-cleaning  buildings .  478 

Elevators,  hoists,  ropes  and  scaffolds . 

Sub-Title  V,  Chapter  III 

Elevator  Inspector,  salary,  duties . ^333-7,  335 

Elevator,  capacity  of  to  be  posted . _ . 489,  498-a 

clearance  for  .  501 

counterweight . " . .  499 

defects  in . 498~c 

entrance  on  two  sides . 492-a 

governors  or  regulators .  500 

guards  and  gates .  491 

inclosures,  incombustible  . 492-a 

in  non-fireproof  buildings . 492-a 

in  other  buildings . 492-a 

of  elevator  machinery .  494 

doors  in  ...  * . 492-a 

skylight  over  .  493 

in  existing  hotels,  non-fireproof  office 
buildings,  stores,  tenement  houses ...  .492-b 

inspection  of . 349-6,  487,  498 

installation  of  .  346 

permits  required  for . 349-5 

machinery  to  be  inclosed . .*...  494 

not  to  be  operated  without  inspection  cer¬ 
tificate  . 349-6 

operator  for  . 498-b 

regulating  operating,  etc . 880-1-2-3 

shafts,  alterations  to.. .  502 

inclosed,  skylight  over .  493 

not  inclosed .  491 

provisions  in . 497 

sidewTalk .  495 

trap  doors  for . 491 


Index 


225 


Section 

Elevator  and  stairs  4n  one  enclosure  in  stores .  518 

Enclosures,  water-closet .  544 

Enforcement  of  ordinances . Sub-Title  VII,  Chap.  I 

Engineer,  salary  and  duties . 333-2,  335,  333-11 

Examiners  of  moving-picture  machine  operators, 

484-bl  to  12  inc. 
of  plumbers. . Supplement  Section  290  to  298  inc. 

of  titles  . 339-4 

Excavation  of  sidewalk . 341-a 

depth  of  .  364 

Exhaust  pipe  not  to  be  connected  to  house  drain. . .  556 

Existing  hotels,  elevators  to  be  inclosed . 492-b 

non-fireproof  office  buildings,  elevators  to  be 

inclosed  . 492-b 

rooms  in  tenements .  536 

stores,  elevators  to  be  inclosed . 492-b 

tenement  houses,  elevators  to  be  inclosed. .492~b 

stairs  to  be  inclosed .  519 

Exit  doors  open  out,  buildings  of  public  character.  506 

churches  .  506 

department  stores . .v. . . .  506 

Exit  doors  open  out,  depots .  506 

hotels  .  506 

inspector,  salary,  duties,  etc. ..  .333-6,  335,  333-11 

public  halls  .  506 

restaurants  .  506 

stores  .  506 

Exits  and  stairways . Sub-Title  V,  Chapter  IV 

Exit  doors  open  out,  theatres .  506 

Exits,  auditoriums  .  507 

assembly  halls . • .  507 

display  of  in  theatres .  514 

picture  machine  theatres . .  507 

theatres  .  510 

Exit  sign  in  stores . 518-519 

Explanation  of  tables  of  wall  thickness .  425 

Exterior  walls,  brick  within  fire  limits . 451— i 

incombustible  material,  within  city  limits.  .. . 451— i 

External  walls  .  422 

Eye  bars,  requirements  for .  411 

i 


Facing  required  for  columns  and  beams  in  build¬ 
ings— 

of  monolith  construction  .  424 

of  skeleton  steel  construction .  424 


226 


Index 


Section 

Factories  and  workshops,  classification  of.. 355~5,  355-6 

egress  (stairs)  . ! . .' . 515,  516 

exter-ior  doors  open  out .  516 

fire  escapes  for .  523 

fireproof  doors  and  windows  in .  456 

fire  walls  in .  467 

light  and  ventilation .  532 

minimum  live  load  for .  397 

reduction  of  live  loads  on  columns  and  girders  398 
seven  stories  or  more  must  be  fireproof ...  .449-d 

stairs  inclosed  .  518 

toilet  facilities  .  54.1 

Factors  of  safety .  399 

definition  of  . 352-17 

Fall  in  sewers .  555 

house  drain  and  sewer .  556 

Fees  for  advertising  fences,  bill  and  sign  boards.  .349-7 

elevator  permits  . 349-5 

inspection  of  elevators . 349-6 

plumbing  . 349-2 

payment  of .  350 

plumbing  permits  . 349-1 

repair  permits . 349-10 

rescinding  permits  . 349-9 

shoring,  raising,  moving . 349-4 

wrecking  permits . 349-3 

Fences  allowed  in  fire  limits . 451-g 

Fences  over  eight  feet  high . 449-1 

Ferrules,  sizes  and  weights . 554-e 

Filling  masonry  .  413 

Filling  cesspools  and  privy  vaujts,  when  required..  557 

Films,  storage  and  manufacture .  485 

Fire  Department,  work  in  charge  of . . . . .  477 

inspections  by . Supplement  1-7  inc. 

Fire  doors  for  dirt  chutes .  486 

elevator  inclosure  . 492-a 

garages  .  481 

Fire  escape  inspector,  duties,  salary .  .333-6,  335,  333-11 

inspection  of  . 487-528 

incumbrance . 526,  528 

for  opera  houses  .  522 

for  other  buildings  .  522 

for  stores,  workshops  and  factories . 517-523 

for  tenement  houses  . 524-525 

for  theaters .  522 

for  school  houses  and  other  buildings .  522 

specifications,  tenement  house . 525-a  to  o,  inc. 

notice  “To  the  fire  escape’" .  527 


'  Section 

Fire  escapes  figured  in  lot  occupancy .  530 

painting  of  . .  414 

Fire  extinguishing  apparatus  on  stage .  459 

in  garages  .  481 

Fire  hose,  for  stand  pipe .  457 

Fire  limits . 352-22 

frame  or  wood  buildings  not  allowed . 451 

allowed  .  ...' . . . 451-a-i 


Fire  in  chimneys . 

Fireplaces  and  flues . 

framing  of  joists  for . 

Fireproofing  and  fire  prevention. .  Sub-Title  V, 

Fireproof  buildings  . 

definition  of . 

doors  and  windows  and  shutters.  352-21,  456 
material,  definition  of . 

partitions  . < . . . 

\ 

Fire  plugs,  obstruction  of . 

Fire  stops  . 


...  884 

. . .  466 
...  443 

Chap.  I 
...  449 
.352-19 
,  352-20 
.352-18 
...  442 

. . 890-1 
. . .  445 


Fire  walls . 467,  515 

of  concrete  blocks .  433 

Fixtures,  gas,  plumbing . 479  566 

Flashing,  lead  and  copper . 554-g 

Flat  arches,  minimum  length  of .  440 

Flemish  bond  . : .  435 

Floor  arches  and  floor  construction .  440 

area,  maximum,  subdivided  by  brick  walls...  444 

beams  .  443 

of  water  closets .  547 


drains,  when  allowed . 

overloading  with  building  material.... 

Flues  and  fireplaces . 

framing  joists  around . 

not  considered  recesses  in  walls . 

in  tenements  . . 

•Flue  linings . 

Flush  pipes  for  water  closets,  size  and  couplings 

Fly  galleries  in  theatres . 

Footings,  definition  of . 

Forms  for  concrete . !... 

Foundations,  for  cast-iron  columns . 

columns  in  skeleton  steel  buildings . 

definition  of . 

walls,  thickness  of . 

Foundry,  when  restricted . 


....  558 
. . . .  488 
. . . .  466 
. . . .  443 
. . . .  428 
. . . .  466 
.  .  .  .  466 
for.  566 
.  .  .  .  473 


.  .  409 
.  .  406 
352-24 
. .  432 
..  452 


228 


Index 


Section 

Frame  buildings,  construction  of .  448 

veneered  with  brick .  436 

removal  of .  454 

framing .  407 

Freight  elevators,  posting  capacity  of .  489 

Funds  for  use  of  Commissioner  of  Buildings.  ......  572 

Furring,  wooden  fire  stops  for .  445 

Furnaces  and  boilers .  463 

G 

Garages,  public,  boiler  room  in .  481 

calcium  carbide  in .  481 

classification  or  definition .  360 

fire  extinguisher  in .  481 

fireproof  buildings  . 449-a-481 

metal  cans  in .  481 

sand  in  .  481 

smoking  in .  481 

volatile  substances  .  482 

Garbage . 991,  992,  993,  994,  995,  996,  997 

Gas  engines,  mufflers  for . 913-1 

Gas  grates . 466 

light  (green)  over  theatre  exits .  514 

piping  and  fixtures .  479 

stoves  . 465 

reservoir,  when  restricted .  452 

Gasoline  storage  . 482,  896,  897,  898 

tanks,  construction  of . 482.  483 

Gates  for  elevator  shafts .  491 

General  terms,  definition  of .  353 

General  enforcement  of  ordinance . 

. Sub-Title  VII,  Chapter  I 

Girders,  spandrel  in  skeleton  constructed  buildings  407 

box  and  plate  requirements  for .  410 

wood,  minimum  depth  of . 443 

Governors  for  elevators .  500 

Gradients  . 508,  509 

Grading  of  lots .  365 

Grain  elevators,  when  restricted .  452 

allowed  within  the  fire  limits .  451- h 

Granite,  working  stresses  for . ......  402 

Gravel,  safe  bearing  load  on .  400 

Grip  of  bars,  in  reinforced  concrete . . . '  419 

Guards  to  workmen .  504 

Gusset  plates .  412 

Guide  ropes  for  derricks,  use  of .  373 


Index 


229 


Section 

H 

Hall,  public,  and  stairs,  definition  of . 352-25 

Handling  and  storage  of  volatile  substances  in 

garages  . 482,  483 

in  other  buildings .  482 

Hand  hole  cleanouts  required  on  house  drains.  .  .  .  556 

Hand  rail  for  theatre  stairs .  513 

Hazards,  in  theatres,  local  . . .  462 

prohibited  . 460,  461 

Headers,  when  required .  435 

Hearths  . ^ .  466 

Heating  furnaces  and  boilers .  463 

Height  of  building,  definition  of . 352-26 

walls,  definition  of . 352-27 

stories,  definition  of . 352-28 

Height,  maximum  of  brick  walls .  430 

non-bearing  tile  partitions .  442 

stone  walls  . 432 

and  thickness  of  division  walls .  427 

and  size  of  living  rooms  in  tenement  houses.  540 

Hemlock,  working  stresses  for .  402 

Hoists,  contractors’ .  503 

alterations  of . ^ .  503 

Hollow  brick  furring  considered  as  a  veneer .  435 

Hollow  building  blocks,  quality  of .  386 

strength  of .  402 

Hooks,  contractors’ .  503 

Hoops  for  reinforce^  concrete  columns .  419 

Horizontal  runs  of  soil  and  waste  pipes,  diameters 

of .  561 

Hose,  fire,  for  stand  pipe .  457 

for  theatres .  458 

Hospitals,  minimum  live  loads  for .  397 

"  stand  pipes  in .  457 

Hotels,  ash  and  garbage  cans  for . 550-a 

cellars  and  light  courts  whitewashed..  .550,  550-a 

classification  of  . 355-1 

cleanliness  in .  550 

existing,  elevator  inclosures . 492-b 

kept  in  good  repair .  550 

light  and  ventilation .  532 

in  water-closets  . 537,  543 

lot  occupancy .  530 

minimum  live  loads  for .  397 

must  be  fireproof . 449-c 

notice  “To  the  fire-escape” .  527 

prohibited  hazards  .  460 


230 


Index 


Section 

Hotels,  stairs,  egress . , . 515,  520 

inclosed  . ! .  518 

stand  pipes  in .  457 

toilet  facilities  in .  542 

Hotels,  water  drained  away  from .  550 

yards  and  courts .  538 

House  drain,  support  for .  558 

to  run  as  direct  as  possible .  556 

and  sewer  .  556 

connections  for  .  556 

House  sewer,  table  of  sizes  of . 556 

House  traps  .  553 

Housing  Inspector,  Chief . 333-10 

Houses,  numbering  of . Supplement  Section  1024, 

1025,  1026,  1026-1 

I 

Ice  house,  when  restricted . 452 

Ice  houses  allowed  within  the  fire  limits . 451-h 

Impact,  allowance  for .  397 

Inclosures  for  elevators . 492-a 

for  elevator  machinery .  494 

for  water-closets  .  544 

Incombustible  roof,  definition  of . 352-29 

stud  partition,  definition  of . 352-30 

material,  definition  of . 352-31 

Inflammable  material,  storage  of . 460,  461 

Inspection  of  fire  escapes . - .  528 

Information,  advance  about  plans .  340 

Inspection  of  awning,  billboard,  canopy .  487 

fence,  fire  escape,  stairway,  unsafe  buildings  487 

elevators  . 487,  498 

and  condemnation  of  unsafe  buildings .  487 

of  buildings  by  Fire  Department . 

Supplement,  Sections  1-7 

Inspectors,  deputy  . 333-8-a 

Inspector,  Chief  Housing . 333-10 

Installation  of  piping .  560 

new,  or  new  material  (plumbing) . 568-a 

of  elevators  . : .  346 

Intersecting  walls,  height  required .  426 

Iron,  wrought,  cast,  quality  of .  393 

Iron-work,  structural . Sub-Title  IV,  Chapter  III 

Iron  columns,  foundations  for . 406 

Iron  and  steel  work  other  than  skeleton  construc¬ 
tion  .  409 

Iron  and  steel  trusses .  411 

Isolated ’brick  piers,  maximum  heights  of .  439 

Invalidity  of  part  of  code .  573 


Index 


231 


J 

% 

Joints  in  brickwork  of 'fireplaces  and  flues 

Joists,  requirements  for . 

Junk  shop,  when  restricted  . 

K 

Kitchen  ranges  and  gas  stoves . 

L 


Section 


443 

443 

452 


Ladders,  contractors’  . 503 

protection  from  corrosion .  414 

to  roof,  to  boiler  rooms .  529 

Lamp  house  for  moving-picture  machines . 484-d 

Laundry,  when  restricted .  452 

Latrine-trough  water  closets  not  allowed .  566 

Leaders,  rain  water .  559 

connected  to  sewer . 559 

water  from,  not  to  flow  on  sidewalk .  559 

not  to  be  used  as  soil,  waste  or  vent .  559 

Leaders,  inside,  material  for .  559 

roof  connections  for  .  559 

outside,  materials  for .  559 

connections  for  .  559 

traps  for,  where  possible  for  drains .  558 


Lead 


and  copper 
traps  . 


flashing . 554- 


cr 


554 -g 


wastes,  sizes  . 554- 


-cr 


Length  of  building,  definition  of . 352-32 

Length  of  walls,  how  measured.: . 426,  429 

License  for  picture  machine  operator . 484-b 

for  plumber  . 291 

for  elevator  operator . 498-b 

Light  and  air....._. . Sub-Title  VI,  Chapter  I 

buildings .  532 

cellars  . 531 

existing  rooms  in  tenement  houses .  536 

factories  and  workshops,  hotels .  532 

stables  .  940 

toilets  of  tenements .  537 

lodging' houses,  tenement  houses .  532 

Light  over  exit  in  theatres .  514 

and  ventilation  in  water  closets  in  tenements, 

hotels  and  lodging  houses .  537 

Lighting  in  tenement  houses .  534 

in  theatres  .  476 

Lights,  warning  . 675,  676 


in 

in 

in 

in 

in 

in 


232 


Index 


Section 

Lime,  mortar,  proportions  of . 390-1 

requirements  for .  388 

Limitation  of  permits .  348 

of  rights .  383 

Lintels . • . . „  437 

Live  loads  .  397 

Living  rooms  in  basement  ventilated . .  539 

floors  and  walls  damp-proofed .  539 

in  tenement  houses,  height  and  size .  540 

Loads  of  building,  definition  of .  352-33 

Loads  concentrated  . 402-b 

on  soils . 400 

on  masonry  . 401 

proportionment  of . 398 

dead  .  396 

eccentric  . 398,  407 

live  . 397,  398 

wind  .  395 

Locust,  working  stresses  for .  402 

Lodging  houses,  access  to  rooms  and  water  closets. .  551 

ash  and  garbage  cans  for . . . 550-a 

cellars  and  light  courts  whitewashed ...  550-550-a 

cleanliness  in  . ' . 550-550-a 

courts  and  yards .  538 

egress,  stairs  . 513,  520 

kept  in  good  repair .  550 

light  and  ventilation  in  water  closets. ..  .537,  543 

Lodging  houses,  minimum  live  loads  for .  397 

over  five  stories  must  be  fireproof . 449-c 

percentage  of  lot  occupancy .  530 

prohibited  hazards  .  460 

stand  pipes  in .  457 

toilet  facilities  in . 542 

water-closet  inclosures  .  544 

water  drained  away  from .  550 

Longsweep  Lt  bends  and  longsweep  T-Y’s  per¬ 
mitted  .  561 

Lots,  grading  of .  365 

vacant  protection  of . • . 989,  990 

Lot  occupancy,  percentage .  530 

Lot  line,  definition  of . 352-34 

Lumber  piles,  allowed  within  fire  limits . 451— i 


Index 


233 


Section 

M 

Manufacture  of  films .  485 

Manufacturing  buildings,  live  loads  for.. . 397,  398 

Machinery,  elevator,  to  be  inclosed .  494 

Marquise  .  382 

Masonry,  factors  of  safety  for .  399 

filling  of  .  413 

mortar  for- .  388 

quality  of  . 438 

safe  loads  on  .  401 

sand  for  .  387 

stone  for  .  384 

thickness  of  rubble  foundations .  432 

Material,  new  or  new  installation  (plumbing)  .... 568-a 

quality  of  (plumbing)  .  554 

quality  of  building . Sub-Title  IV,  Chapter  I 

throwing  into  streets .  869 

storage  of  inflammable . 460,  461 

Mechanism  of  moving-picture  machines . 484-c 

Metal  protection  of  in  concrete . 420 

Metal  cans  in  garages .  481 

lath  used  in  fireproof  partitions .  442 

Metallic  ties,  number  required  for  brick  veneer....  435 

Mill  construction,  definition  of . ...352-35 

Minimum  percentage  of  steel  in  concrete  columns..  418 
Minimum  thickness  of  coursed  stone  piers  and 

walls  .  440 

of  flat  arches  . t. .  440 

of  piers  between  windows  .  439 

of  reinforced  concrete  walls .  432 

Miscellaneous  provisions . Sub-Title  VII 

in  codification  of  ordinance . See  Supplement 

for  picture  machines . 484— i 

Mixing  concrete,  manner  of . 391 

Modulus  of  elasticity,  assumptions  for  in  concrete 

design  . 417-c 

ratio  of  steel  to  concrete . 417-e 

Moments,  method  of  calculating., .  419 

Monolith  construction,  thickness  of  enclosing  walls.  424 
Mortar,  cement,  maximum  proportion  of  sand....  390 

definition  of  . 352-36 

lime,  kind  of  lime  required . 38’8,  389 

maximum  proportion  of  sand .  390 

lime  and  cement  proportions .  390 

Mortar,  quality  of,  for  concrete  block  walls .  443 

floor  arches .  440 

foundation  walls  .  432 


234  Index 

- - - - 

Section 

Moving  permits  . 344,  349-4 

picture  machines . 484-a,  b,  c,  d,  e,  f,  g,  h,  i' 

Moving-picture  machine  operators,  Board  of  Exam¬ 
iners  for  . 484-b 

Mufflers,  required  for  gas  engines . 913-1 

N 

Naptha  . .  483 

New  material  or  installation  (plumbing) . 568-a 

Notice,  capacity  of  freight  elevators .  489 

dance  halls  .  490 

floor  capacities  . .  488 

unsafe  buildings  .  487 

to  adjoining  owner .  366 

Numbering  and  naming  of  streets .  1023-1,  1023-2,  1023-3 

Numbering  of  houses . 1024,  1025,  1026,  1026-1 

Nuisances  . 973-990,  inc. 

O 

Oak,  column  formula  for .  404 

working  stresses  for .  402 

Obstruction  of  gutters .  665 

of  fire  plugs . 890-1 

Occupancy  of  lot  by  hotels,  tenements  and  lodg¬ 
ing  houses  . ; .  530 

Occupancy  of  buildings . 745-1  to  745-12 

Office  Organization  .  338 

Office  buildings — 

classification  of  . • . 355-2 

live  loads  for . 397,  398 

non-fireproof  existing  elevator  inclosures ...  492-b 

prohibited  hazards  .  160  • 

stairs  inclosed  .  518 

Officers,  city,  duty .  569 

Offsets  allowed  when  three-inch  pipe  is  used  for 

water  closet  purposes .  561 

in  piping  allowed  only  when  unavoidable....  560 

to  be  made  at  an  angle  of  45° .  562 

Oil  storage,  fireproof  building .  483 

when  restricted  .  452 

Old  buildings,  additions  to  height  of .  434 

sewers,  when  allowed  to  be  used .  556 

Opening,  definition  of . 352-37 

Openings  in  fireproof  partitions . .  442 

in  operating  rooms  for  picture  machines ...  484-g 

and  recesses  in  walls . 428 

in  walls  to  have  arches  or  lintels .  437 

in  streets  . *...667  to  674-1 


Index 


235 


Section 

Operator,  elevator . 498-b 

picture  machine  . . 484-a,  484-b 

Operating  room,  equipment  for . 484-h 

openings  in  . 484-g 

construction  of  . 484-e,  f 

Organization  of  office . 333-11 

Oriels,  projection  of .  380 

Ordinance,  general  enforcement  of . 

. . . Sub-Title  VII,  Chapter  I 

Ordinary  construction . Sub-Title  IV,  Chapter  V 

Overflow,  pipes  from  fixtures  connect  on  inlet  side 

of  traps  .  564 

to  discharge  on  roof  if  possible .  567 

Outside  water  closets  for  tenement  houses . 546 

Overloading  buildings  .  488 

floors  with  building  material .  488 

Owner,  definition  of . . 352-38 

adjoining,  responsibility  to  . .  367 

adjoining,  access  by  . 368 

adjoining,  notice  to  . .' .  366 

P 

Packing  house,  when  restricted .  452 

Packed  joint  not  permitted  on  sewer  side  of  traps..  564 

Painting  structural  iron  and  steel .  414 

Parapet  walls,  anchors  for .  437 

Partition,  definition  of  . 352-39 

Partitions,  fireproof  .  442 

stud,  when  allowed  for  bearing .  444 

Party  walls  .  422 

Payment  of  fees .  350 

Penalties . Sub-Title  VII,  Chapter  II 

for  violations  of  code . 576,  577 

law  relating  to  dry  cleaning  business.  480-1 

Pending  proceedings  .  574 

Percentage  of  lot  occupancy .  530 

of  steel,  *  minimum  required  in  concVete  col¬ 
umns  .  418 

Permanent  water  seal  trap,  required  for — 

cellar  drains  . 558 

floor  drain  .  558 

use  of  sidewalk  .  375 

use  of  roadway  .  •175 

Permits  and  fees . Sub-Title  I,  Chapter  II,  340 

clerk  . 333-4 

cost  of  .  349 


236 


Index 


Section 


Permits,  for  buildings  containing  power  boilers...  342 

bill  and  sign  boards . 

345,  345-a,  345-b,  345-c,  345-d,  345-e,  345-f 
changing  or  altering  any  building  or 


structure .  341 

erecting  any  building  or  structure....  341 

guides  for  derricks .  373 

permanently  suspended  awnings.  ... 349-11 

installation  of  elevators .  346 

plumbing  addition .  343 

alterations  .  343 

repairs .  343 

power  boilers  .  342 

projection  of  signs  or  advertisements..  345. 

rescinding  permit  . ..349-9 

repairing  any'  building  or  structure. . . .  341 

repair  permit  . 349-10 

using  temporary  roadway .  372 

sidewalk  . 372,  341-a 


Petroleum  .  483 

Piazzas  allowed  in  fire  limits . 451-e 

Picture  machine  booths . 484,  484-a,  484-b,  484-c, 

484-d,  484-e,  484-f,  484-g,  448-h,  484— i 

operator  licensed  . 484-a,  484-b 

theatres  (exits)  . 507 

classification  of  . 354-5 

wiring  for  .  484 

Piers,  bond  plates  required .  439 

minimum  thickness  of  between  windows....  439 

material  for  .  439 

maximum  height  of  isolated .  439 

Pins,  requirements  for .  411 

Pin  connected  tension  members,  net  area  required..  411 

Pipe,  cast  iron . 554-a 

soil,  vent  and  waste,  definition  of . 352-40 

vent  and  sizes . . . 554-c,  561,  562 

waste  and  soil  and  sizes . 554-b,  561,  562,  565 

wrought  or  steel . 554-d 

kind  of,  for  leaders . 559 

stand  . 457,  458 

Piping,  gas  and  fixtures .  479 

installation  of  .  560 

not  allowed  inside  of  column  fireproofing.  . .  441 

protection  from  corrosion . '.  414 

recesses  around  to  be  filled .  428 

safe  and  refrigerator  waste .  564 

sizes  without  reventing .  563 


Index 


237 


Section 

Placing  concrete  .  416 

Plan  examiner  and  chief  clerk,  salary  of . 333-3 

assistant,  salary  of . 333-3c 

Plastering  not  considered  portion  of  fireproofing 

for  columns  and  beams . •. .  441 

Plate  girders,  requirements  for .  410 

Platforms  or  treads  of  urinal  stalls  never  con¬ 
nected  independently  .  566 

Plumbing  . Sub-Title  VI,  Chap.  Ill 

permits  . . 343,  349-1,  2 

inspector,  salary  and  duties . 333-9,  335 

Plumbers,  qualifications  to  do  plumbing .  343  • 

notice  of  inspections .  343 

Portland  mortar,  proportions  of... .  390-3 

Posting  capacity  of  dance  halls .  490 

of  floors  .  488 

of  freight  elevators  .  489 

Posts  of  stone  not  allowed . 439 

Post,  definition  of . 352-41 

wood  not  allowed  on  ground .  443 

Power  boilers,  permits  for .  342 

Premises,  right  to  enter  on .  337 

Private  property  rights . Sub-Title  III,  Chapter  I 

Pressure  wind  .  408 

Prevention  of  collapsing  of  buildings . 

Sub-Title  V,  Chap.  II 

Private  sewer,  when  required . 556 

where  to  be  located .  556 

watchman . 967-970,  inc. 

Privy  vault  and  cesspools,  location  of .  557 

requirements  for .  557 

when  permitted  .  557 

sheds  allowed  in  fire  limits . 451-d 

Proceedings,  civil  .  570 

pending  .  574 

Proscenium  wall  in  theatres .  469 

Prohibited  hazards  . 460,  461 

projections .  378 

Projecting  cornices,  anchors  for . 437 

Projection  of  awnings  or  canopies .  382 

balconies  . 380 

bases,  columns,  etc .  379 

bays  .  380 

Projection  of  oriels .  380 

signs  .  381 

Projections  prohibited .  378 


238 


Index 


Section 

Property  rights,  private . Sub-Title  III,  Chapter  1 

public . . . Sub-Title  III,  Chapter  II 

depth  of  excavation  .  364 

grading  lots  . 365 

Private  . .  364 

to  adjoining  owner .  366 

Property  rooms  in  theatres .  471 

Proportions  for  concrete,  how  measured .  391 

of  sand  in  mortar .  390 

Protection  of  adjoining  skylights  and  roof .  369 

for  cellar  doors  and  coal  chutes  in  sidewalk.  377 

of  vacant  lots . 989-990 

of  trees  . . . 958-963  inc. 

of  column  covering  .  441 

from  corrosion  .  414 

of  metal  in  reinforced  concrete.  .352-19,  420,  440 

to  workmen  .  504 

Provisions,  miscellaneous  . Sub-Title  VII 

sanitary  . Sub-Title  VI 

structural  . . . Sub-Title  IV 

in  elevator  shafts  . 497 

Public  garages  . ■ . 360,  481 

sewer  connections  . 553 

Public  buildings,  classification .  354 

property  rights . Sub-Title  III,  Chapter  II 

safeguarding  of . 575 

Q 

Quality  of  materials... . Sub-Title  IV,  Chapter  I 

plumbing  materials  .  554 

t  R 


Radius  of  gyration,  maximum  ratio .  404 

Rain  water  leaders,  not  to  be  used  as  soil,  waste 

or  vent  .  559 

Raising  permits  . . . 344,  349-4 

Ranges,  kitchen  and  gas  stoves .  465 

Recesses  in  walls . 428 

Rescinding  permits  . 349-9 

Record  clerk  . 333-3e 

Reduction  of  live  loads  on  columns  and  girders.  .  .  .  398 

Refrigerator  and  safe  waste  pipes . 554-d,  565 

extend  above  roof  in  tenement  houses. .  565 

cleanouts  required  where  offsets  occur .  565 

discharge  over  sink  in  rooms  used  for  living 

purposes  not  allowed .  565 

material  for  and  size  of .  565 

connections  and  traps  for .  565 


Index 


239 


Section 

Refrigerator  discharge  to  be  over  trapped  sink.  .  .  .  565 
Y  fittings  for  branches  on  vertical  lines....  565 

Registers  .  464 

Regulators  for  elevators .  500 

Regulations,  safety . . Sub-Title  V 

Reinforced  concrete  arches .  440 

assumptions  in  design .  417 

Reinforced  concrete,  conditions  for  variations  of 

design  .  421 

Reinforced  concrete,  design .  418 

forms  * .  415 

moments  for  .  419 

placing  of  .  416 

protection  of  metal . 352-19,  420 

Relief  pipe  for  blowoff  tank .  556 

Removal  of  frame  buildings . 154,  870 

Rendering  plant,  when  restricted .  452 

Repairs  to  windows  in  tenements .  535 

Repairs,  definition  of . 352-42 

Repair  permit,  cost  of . 349-10 

Reports  of  Commissioner  of  Buildings .  339 

Responsibility  of  adjoining  owner .  367 

Restoration  of  street  and  sidewalk .  374 

Restrictions,  block  .  452 

Retaining  walls,  thickness  of .  432 

Reventing  to  prevent  syphonage .  561 

when  not  required .  563 

Revocation  of  permits — 

bill  and  sign  board .  347 

elevator  .  347 

moving  .  347 

plumbing  .  317 

raising  .  347 

sidewalk  . 


to 


streets  .  3 

Rights,  property,  private . Sub-Title  III,  Chapter  I 

public  . Sub-Title  III,  Chapter  11 

limitations  of  .  383 

Right  to  enter  premises . 337 

Rise  of  arches .  410 

in  sewer  .  555 

Riveted  beams,  allowable  flange  stress . 102-b 

Riveting,  requirements  for .  412 

Rivets,  pitch  of .  412 

requirements  for  in  trusses .  Ill 

shear  on  . 402-a 

unit  stresses  for  .  402 


240 


Index 


Section 

Roadway,  depositing  material  on .  371 

permanent  use  of .  376 

restoration  of  .  374 

temporary  use  of . r .  371 

Roofs,  loads  on . 397,-398 

adjoining  protection  of . '..  369 

within  the  fire  limits,  incombustible  material. 451— i 

Rooms  in  tenements,  access  to . ; .  551 

toilets,  ventilation  of .  552 

Ropes  for  derricks,  use  of  guide .  373 

Rope  and  scaffold  inspector,  salary,  duties. ... 333-7,  335 

Ropes  . ; . . .  503 

Rubbish,  hazardous  material  .  461 

throwing  of  into  streets .  869 

Rubble  masonry,  lime  for .  388 

safe  loads  on .  401 

sand  for .  387 

stone  for  . 384 

thickness  of  in  foundations .  432 

Runs,  horizontal  and  vertical .  561 

S 

Saddles  not  permitted .  561 

Safe  and  refrigerator  waste  pipe . 565 

Safe  bearing  loads  on  masonry .  401 

on  soils  .  / .  400 

Safeguarding  the  public .  575 

Safety  regulations  . Sub-Title  V 

factor  of  .  399 

Salary  of  Commissioner  of  Buildings,  deputies, 

etc . 332,  333 

Sand  in  garages .  481 

quality  required  .  387 

safe  bearing  load  on .  400 

Sandstone,  working  stresses  for .  402 

Sanitary  inspector,  duties,  salary . 333-10,  335 

provisions  . Sub-Title  VI 

Tee,  when  required  for  house  drain .  556 

Scaffolds,  alterations  of .  603 

inspector  of,  salary,  duties . 333-7,  333-11,  335 

School  buildings — 

classification  of  . 354-2 

lire  escapes-  on .  522 

live  loads  for .  397 

must  be  fireproof . 449-b 


Index 


241 


Section 

School  sinks  and  vaults  abolished .  545 

Scuttles,  painting  of . . .  414 

to  roof  . 529 

Seats  and  aisles  in  theaters .  509 

Semi-fireproof  buildings — 

definition  of  . 352-43 

factories  3  to  6  stories .  450 

stores  3  to  6  stories... .  450 

warehouses  3  to  6  stories .  450 

Semi-public  buildings,  'classification .  355 

Separate  plumbing  and  drainage  for  each  building.  555 

Separators  for  beams  and  girders .  410 

Service  pipes  must  be  protected  from  frost .  567 

Sewer  and  drainage  inspector,  duties,  salary .  .333-9,  335 

333-11 

Sewerage  .  555 

Sewer,  connections  .  553 

Sewer  connections . Supplement  Sec.  705-716  inc. 

for  all  leaders . 559 

to  be  made  as  soon  as  possible .  557 

private  and  house,  definition  of .  352-44 

private,  when  required .  555 

old,  when  allowed  to  be  used .  556 

requirements  for  .  556 

tapping  of  . 705  to  716  inc. 

Shaft,  definition  of. . 352-45 

Shafts,  drainage  of  bottom .  453 

of  elevators,  not  inclosed .  491 

provisions  in  .  497 

alterations  to  .  502 

fireproof  door  at  bottom .  453 

in  non-fireproof  buildings .  453 

Sheds  allowed  within  the  fire  limits . 451-d 

Sheds,  classification  of  or  definition  of .  361 

foundations  for  .  432 

Shoring  permits  . 344,  349-4 

Short  roof  increasers  not  permitted .  561 

T  and  Y  branches  permitted  on  vertical  lines 

only  .  561 

Shutters,  fireproof,  painting  of .  414 

Siamese  steamer  connection .  457 

Sidewalk,  application  for  use  of .  372 

cellar  door  .  377 

coal  chute  . 377 

extending  of  awnings  and  canopies  across..  382 

excavation  of  . 341-a 

elevators . ••  495 


242 


Index 


Section 

Sidewalk,  glass  permanent .  375 

leaders  not  to  flow  on .  559 

live  loads  for .  397 

permanent  use  of. .  375 

protection  to  the  public .  370 

restoration  of .  372 

.  shall  maintain,  whenever  deempd  proper .  370 

temporary  roof  .  370 

use  of  .  370 

width  of  .  370 

water  from  leaders  not  to  flow  upon .  559 

Signs  and  billboards . 345,  455,  349-7,  349-8 

projection  of  .  381 

Sinks,  when  reventing,  not  necessary .  563 

Size  of,  buildings  increased,  hotels,  tenements,  lodg¬ 
ing  houses  .  530 

cleanouts  . . 554-f 

house  sewer .  556 

lead  wastes  . 554-g 

traps  . 564 

vent  pipes  .  562 

waste  pipes  without  reventing .  563 

Size  and  height  of  living  rooms,  in  tenement  houses.  540 

and  weights  of  ferrules .  554-e 

Skeleton  steel  construction,  bases  for  columns....  406 

connections  to  columns  riveted .  405 

girders  bolted .  405 

covering  of  structural  steel . 423,  441 

foundation  for  columns.'... .  406 

framing  of  .  407 

thickness  of  walls .  423 

wind  pressure  on .  408 

Skewbacks  .  441 

Skylight  over  elevator  inclosures .  493 

protection  of  adjoining .  369 

over  film  factory  . 485 

over  stage  in  theatres .  472 

Slabs,  bearing  required  on  walls .  419 

Slabs,  design  of  . 418-419 

protection  of  metal  in .  420 

Slag  concrete  for  arches .  440  . 

Slipjoints  not  permitted  on  sewer  side  of  traps....  564 

Slow-burning  construction,  definition  of . 352-46 

Smoking,  no,  in  garages .  481 

Soap  factory,  when  restricted . . .  452 


I NDEX 


243 


Section 

Soil  and  waste  pipes . 554-b,  561,  562 

sizes .  561 

not  to  be  used  as  leader .  559 

Soils,  safe  load  on .  400 

Space,  sidewalk,  permanent  use  of .  375 

temporary  use  of . , .  370 

Solicitor,  suits  by .  571 

Spandrel  girders  .  407 

Special  fireproofing  in 'theatres , . 474 

Spiral  hooped  columns,  design  of .  418 

Spirit  gas  .  483 

Splices  for  cast  iron  columns .  409 

steel  columns .  407 

Spruce,  working  stresses  for . 402-404 

Stables,  foundations  for .  432 

live  loads  for .  397 

classification  of  . • .  359 

prohibiting  erection  of.. . 1027-1,  1027-2 

lights  in  . 940 

stage  hands  . 470-1 

Stage  fire  extinguishing  apparatus  for .  459 

Stairs  and  exits . . Sub-Title  V,  Chap.  IV 

Stairs  and  elevators  in  stores  in  one  inclosure . 518 

existing  to  be  inclosed .  519 

in  hotels  and  lodging  houses .  520 

in  tenement  houses  .  521 

in  theatres  .....' . 511 

hand  rail  for .  513 

in  factories  .  518 

in  workshops  .  518 

in  stores .  518 

in  hotels  .  518 

in  office  buildings . 518 

inspection  of  . 487 

live  loads  for .  397 

Stair  inclosures  in  theatres .  51:1 

landings  in  theatres .  513 

Stand  pipes  . 457,  458 

Stands  allowed  within  the  fire  limits . 451  — b 

Steam  pipe,  not  to  be  connected  to  house  drain....  556 

Steam  pipes  for  dry  cleaning  buildings .  457 

space  around  same  in  floors*. .  464 

Steel,  column  formula .  404 

factor  of  safety .  399 

protection  from  corrosion .  414 

quality  required  . 393,  402-b 

trusses  .  411 


244 


Index 


Section 


skeleton  construction  .  405 

columns,  foundations  for .  406 

Steel  and  iron  work  other  than  skeleton  construc¬ 
tion  . . .  409 

Steel  or  wrought  piping . 554-d 

Stenographer,  salary,  duties . 333-3e,  333-5,  333-11,  333-5a 

Stiffeners,  requirements  for .  410 

Stirrups  in  reinforced  concrete .  418 

protection  required  . 352-19,  420 

Stone,  factor  of  safety .  399 

quality  of  .  384 

plinths  .  409 

posts  not  allowed .  439 

walls,  thickness  of  .  431 

working  stresses  for  . • .  402 

in  streets  . 941 

Stops,  hre  .  445 

Storage  of  benzine,  burning  fluid,  camphine .  483 

carbon  oil,  coal  oil,  gasoline,  naptha,  oil .  483 

petroleum,  spirit  gas,  turpentine .  483 

films  . ,  .  . ;  485 

Storage  and  handling  of  volatile  substances .  482 

Stores,  classification  of . 355-3 

•egress,  stairs  . 515,  517 

elevators  and  stairs  in  one  inclosure .  518 

existing,  elevator  inclosures  in . 492-b 

exit,  sign  in . 518,  519 

fire  escapes  .  517 

fireproof  doors  and  windows  in .  456 

fire  walls  in .  467 

live  loads  for .  397 

must  be  fireproof . 449-d 

toilet  facilities  in .  541 

Storm  doors . 942,  943,  944,  945 

Stoves,  gas  and  kitchen  ranges .  465 

Strain,  diagrams  for  trusses  required .  394 

Strainers  required  for  all  fixtures  except  water 

closets  .  564 

Strength,  working,  of  concrete .  403- 

Stresses,  unit  for  columns . 404 

calculation  of . Sub-Title  IV,  Chapter  II 

Stresses  allowed  on  various  building  materials....  402 

Streets,  littering,  etc . 941,  946,  947,  948,  949,  950 

posting  cards,  etc .  951 

obstruction  of  .  952 

restoration  of  .  374 

openings  in  . 667  to  674-1 


Index 


245 


Section 


Structural  iron  columns,  foundations  for .  406 


Structural  provisions  . Sub-Title  IV 

iron  and  steel  work. ..  Sub-Title  IV,  Chapter  III 

Stud  partitions,  used  as  bearings . .  444 

to  have  fire  stops .  445 

Supports,  strength  of,  temporary .  398 

Sub-drains,  to  discharge  into  sump  of  receiving 


tank  . 

requirements  for  . 

Sub-Departments . Supplement,  Section 

Suits  by  City  Solicitor . 

Summerpiece  . 

Supplies  . 

Supplies,  water  . 

Swinging  gas  brackets . 


558 

558 

226 

571 

466 

567 

549 

479 


T 


Tables,  explanation  of,  for  wall  thickness.. .  425 

Tanks  for  volatile  substances . 482-3 

material  for  . .  567 

protection  from  corrosion .  414 

Tanks  to  be  covered . ’ .  567 

Tannery,  when  restricted .  452 

Tapping  of  Sewers . 705  to  716  inc. 

Temporary  use  of  sidewalk .  370 

use  of  roadway .  371 

buildings  within  fire  limits . 451-a-b 

Temporary  support,  strength  of .  398 

water  closet  during  building  construction....  548 
Tenement  houses,  access  to  room  and  water  closets,  551 

ash  and  garbage  cans  for . 550-a 

cellars  and  courts  whitewashed . 550,  550-a 

Tenement  houses,  cleanliness  in .  550 

definition  or  classification .  357 

existing  elevator  inclosures . 492-b 

fire  escapes  for . 524,  525 

fire  walls  in .  467 

height  and  size  of  living  rooms .  540 

hotels  and  lodging  houses,  light  and  ventila¬ 
tion  . , .  532 

kept  in  good  repair .  550 

lighting  of  . 534 

lighting  water  closets  in .  543 

light  and  air  in  existing  rooms .  536 

light  and  ventilation  in  water  closets.......  537 

live  loads  for .  397 


246 


Index 


-  Section 

Tenement  houses,  must  be  kept  clean .  550 

outside  water-closets  for .  546 

over  live  stories  high,  fireproof . 449-c 

prohibited  hazards  .  460 

sinks  . 549 

stairs  .  520 

*  stairs,  egress . 515 

toilet  facilities  in .  543 

water-closet  inclosures  in .  544 

water  drained  from .  550 

water  supply  in  . .  549 

windows  kept  in  good  repair .  535 

window  sizes  or  areas .  533 

yards  and  courts . 538 

Tensile  strength  of  concrete,  not  considered . 417-d 

Tents  allowed  within  the  lire  limits . 451-b 

Tests,  plumbing  .  568 

for  materials  and  installations  not  covered 

by  the  code  . 568-a 

on  cast  columns .  409 

on  material,  when  required .  399 

on  soil,  when  required .  399 

on  structural  portions  of  the  building .  404 

to  be  made  when  design  is  not  covered  by 

code  .  421 

Theatres,  automatic  sprinklers  in .  458 

classification  of  . 354-4 

curtain  in . . \ .  470 

diagram  showing  exits . * .  514 

dressing  rooms  in . \  475 

egress  . * .  508 

exits  . 510 

exit  display  in  . 514 

exit  light  (gas)  .  514 

fire  escapes  on  . 522 

fire  hose  in  .  458 

fireproof . 449-e 

fly  galleries  in . 473 

licensing  of . 799,  798,  798-1  to  5  inc. 

lighting  in  .  476 

live  loads  for . *.  ? .  397 

local  hazards  in .  462 

picture  machine  . 354-5 

picture  machine  (exits) .  507 

proscenium  wall  in .  469 

prohibited  hazards  .  460 

property  rooms  in .  471 


Index 


247 


Section 

Theatres,  registers  in  floor  of,  prohibited .  462 

seats  and  aisles .  509 

skylight  over  stage .  472 

special  fireproofing  .  474 

stairs  in  .  511 

stair  inclosnres  in .  512 

landings  in  .  513 

stand  pipes  in .  458 

Thickness  of  concrete  protection . 352-19,  420 

concrete  block  walls .  433 

division  bearing  walls . .  .  427 

inclosing  walls  of  monolith  construction....  424 

skeleton  construction  .  423 

of  foundation  walls  .  432 

of  stone  walls  . j .  431 

metal  in  cast  iron  columns .  409 

veneer  not  considered .  435 

walls  of  dwelling  house  class .  424 

of  excessive  height .  430 

having  openings  and  recesses .  428 

of  warehouse  class .  424 

walls . . . 422,  430 

when  wood  furring  is  used .  445 

when  increasing  height  of  old  buildings,  434 

Throwing  materials  and  rubbish  into  streets  from 
buildings  .  869 

Thrust  in  roof  rafters .  448 

Tile  arches  . 440 

partitions,  maximum  height  of .  442 

hollow,  cpiality  of . 386-a 

Timbers,  factor  of  safety .  399 

quality  required  .  392 

working  stresses  for .  402 

Time  limit  of  permits .  348 

Title  examiner  and  clerk . 339-4 


Toilet  facilities  and  cleanliness  in  buildings . 

Sub-Title  VI,  Chap.  IT 

in  hotels  and  lodging  houses .  542 

in  stores,  factories  and  workshops .  541 

in  tenements  .  543 

temporary  in  new  buildings .  548 

Toilet  rooms,  ventilation  of .  552 

light  in  .  537 

Ton,  definition  of . 352-47 

Trap  doors  for  elevators .  491 


248 


Index 


Section 

Traps  .  564 

brass  trap  screws  required  for  cleaning  trap.  564 
discharge  from  any  fixture  not  to  pass 
through  more  than  one  trap  before  reach¬ 
ing  house  drain  .  564 

earthenware,  method  of  venting .  562 

every  fixture  separately  trapped .  564 

house  .  553 

kind  required  .  .  . .  564 

for  leaders  so  placed  as  to  prevent  freezing.  559 

lead  and  bends . 554-g 

number  of  served  by  different  sizes  of  pipe. .  563 

no  trap  to  be  placed  at  foot  of  soil  or  waste 
lines  .  564 

protected  from  syphonage  and  back  pressure.  .  562 

required  for  drains  for  areas,  courts  and 

yards  .  558 

cellar  drains  .  558 

floor  drains  .  558 

leaders  .  559 

sinks  and  washstands  without  reventing,  563 

sizes  of  . 564 

ventilating  . 553 

Trees,  protection  of . 958  to  963 

Trimmer  arches  .  466 

Trusses,  steel  and  iron . 411 

wood  .  447 

Turpentine  .  483 

Turnbuckles  in  reinforcement  . 419 

U 

Unit  stresses  for  compression  members  in  pin  con¬ 
nected  trusses  .  411 

for  concrete  . 417-e 

Unit  stresses  ,  for  reduction  of,  for  long  concrete 

columns  . , .  418 

for  columns  .  404 

for  various  materials .  402 

Unsafe  buildings,  inspection  and  condemnation  of.  487 

docket  .  487 

Urinals,  reventing  not  required .  563 

Urinals,  requirements  for .  566 


Index 


249 


Section 

Use  of  sidewalk,  temporary .  370 

roadway,  temporary .  371 

guide  ropes,  for  derricks .  373 

sidewalk  space,  permanent . % .  375 

roadway  space,  permanent . % .  376 

V 

Vacation  ordinance  .  ..r . 745-1  to  ,745-12 

Vacant  lots,  protection  of . 989-990 

Vapor  pipe  required  for  blow-off  tank .  556 

Vaults,  abolished  .  545 

privy,  cesspools,  when  permitted .  557 

to  be  filled  when  sewer  connection  is  made..  557 

Veneer,  definition  of . 352-48 

Veneered  buildings  . 435,  436 

Vent  pipes,  connections,  materials,  sizes . 554-c,  562 

not  to  be  used  as  a  leader .  559 

serving  small  fixtures .  563 

Ventilating  traps  .  553 

Ventilation  of  toilet  rooms . 552 

required  where  leader  is  connected  to  drain.  560 

Verification  of  cost .  351 

Vertical  runs  of  soil  and  waste  pipes,  diameters  of.  561 

Vestibule  doors,  projection  of . 942,  943,  944,  945 

Violations  of  the  code . 576-577 

law  relating  to  dry  cleaning . 480-1 

Vitrified  clay  blocks,  maximum  height  of  walls 

of  . 425,  442 

quality  of  . 386-b. 

thickness  of,  curtain  and  apron  walls. . 422 

in  foundations  . 432 

Volatile,  inflammable  liquid,  definition  of . 352-49 

substances,  storage  and  handling  of . 482,  483 

W 

Waiters,  dumb  .  496 

Walls,  anchors  for  .  437 

braced  at  ends  when  they  have  no  intersect¬ 
ing  walls  .  426 

brick  externals,  division  bearing .  422 

within  the  fire  limits . 451-i 

concrete  foundation,  minimum  thickness  of..  432 

definition  of  various  kinds . 352-50 

exterior,  incombustile  material,  within  fire 

limits  . 451-i 

fire  .  467 

length  of  . 426,  42f 


250 


Index 


Section 

Waifs  in  buildings  of  monolith  and  skeleton  con¬ 
struction  . . .  . .  . . .  423 

minimum  reinforcement  in  concrete .  418 

minimum  thickness  of  for  stories  15  feet 

high  and  over . 430 

proscenium  in  theatres . . .  469 

thickness  of,  when  wood  furring  is  used....  445 

thickness,  tables  of .  425 

thickness  of  . . 422,  430 

thickness  and  height  of  division .  427 

recesses  and  openings  in . 428 

Warehouses,  classification  of .  355-4 

live  loads  for . 397,  398 

fireproof  doors  and  windows  in.... .  456 

fire  walls  in .  467 

Warning  lights  . 675,  676 

Washers  for  field  bolts  of  trusses .  411 

Wash  trays  of  wood,  not  permitted .  566 

cement,  freestone,  artificial  stone  not  per¬ 
mitted  unless  impervious .  566 

Washstands,  reventing  not  necessary .  563 

Waste  and  soil  pipes . 554-b,  561,  562 

sizes .  561 

not  to  be  used  as  leader .  559 

Waste  paper  and  rubbish .  461 

Waste  pipes,  lead  sizes... . 554-g,  565 

Watchmen,  private  . 967 

Water-closets,  anti-freezing  design . 544,  545 

floors  waterproof,  except  in  private  dwell¬ 
ings  .  547 

inclosures  in  existing  tenement  houses,  hotels 

and  lodging  houses .  544 

lighted  at  night  in  hotels,  lodging  houses  and 

tenement  houses  .  543 

outside,  for  tenement  houses .  546 

requirements  for  .  566 

supplies  . 549,  567 

temporary  in  new  buildings .  548 

Wearing  surface  of  concrete  slab .  419  - 

Weeds  . - . 968,  969,  970 

Weights  and  sizes  of  ferrules .  554-e 

Wells  . 468-a,  b 

definition  of  . :  •  * . 352-51 

Wharf  houses,  allowed  within  the  fire  limits. ...  .451-h 
When  stories  exceed  a  certain  height — wall  thick- 

k  ness  .  430 

|jThite  pine,  column  formula . •  •••  404 

working  stresses  for .  402 


